Ushukela emzimbeni ubandakanyeka ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene. Ngokusebenza okuzinzile kwezitho zomzimba, ushukela kufanele ube yinto evamile.
Ukuphambuka okuhlukahlukene kusuka kumanani ajwayelekile kunomphumela olimazayo futhi kubangela ukuqhubeka kwezifo, ngokuyinhloko isifo sikashukela i-mellitus.
Ucwaningo lokugxilwa kwe-glucose egazini luyadingeka ukuhlola isimo sempilo kanye nokuphendula okuguqukayo. Ungathatha ushukela wegazi kusuka emunweni noma emthanjeni.
Indima kashukela emzimbeni
Ushukela uyisisekelo esikhulu samandla ekusebenzeni kwamaseli nezicubu. Ushukela ungena emzimbeni ngemuva kokuthola ukudla. Iningi lempahla lisesibindi, lakha i-glycogen. Lapho umzimba udinga into, ama-hormone aguqula i-glycogen ibe ushukela.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isilinganiso se-glucose uhlala njalo, inkomba ilawulwa yi-insulin, i-hormone yamanyikwe.
Ngokuncipha kwenani le-glucose kuma-pancreas, ukukhiqizwa kwe-glucagon kuqala. I-Norepinephrine ne-adrenaline, ekhiqizwa yizindlala ze-adrenal, zandisa amazinga eglucose.
I-Glucocorticoids nayo inomphumela oqondile, nayo inomthelela ekwakhiweni kwe-adrenaline. Ezinye izinto ezifana nama-hormone nazo zingakhuphula ushukela.
Ama-hormone amaningana athinta ukukhuphuka kwe-glucose, kepha munye kuphela wawo onganciphisa leli zinga.
I-Hyperglycemia
I-Hyperglycemia ukwanda koshukela egazini. Lesi simo siqashelwa njengesiyingozi, ngoba sicasula ukwephulwa okuhlukahlukene. Izimpawu eziphambili ze-hyperglycemia yilezi:
- ukoma okungapheli
- ulwelwesi olomile,
- ukuchama njalo.
Kwezinye izimo, ukwanda kwe-glucose kubhekwa njengokuphendula komzimba okungokwemvelo. Isibonelo, le nto yenzeka ngengcindezi enkulu, imithwalo esindayo, kanye nokulimala.
Kulezi zimo, i-hyperglycemia ihlala isikhashana. Imvelo evamile yokwanda koshukela ikhombisa i-pathology. Imbangela, njengomthetho, izifo ezithile.
Inani ushukela osegazini likhuphuka ngenxa yezifo ze-endocrine. Phakathi kokugula okunjalo, isifo sikashukela sivame kakhulu. Isizathu sokwanda kwevolumu yeglue nakho kungukuphazamiseka okuhambisana nezinkinga ze-metabolic. Kulesi simo, kufakwa imali emafutheni, okubangelwa ukwanda kwesisindo somzimba.
Ngezifo zesibindi, ushukela nawo uqala ukukhuphuka. Kuma-pathologies amaningi alesi sitho, i-hyperglycemia iyisibonakaliso sesimo. Lezi zifo zihambisana nokuphulwa komsebenzi osemqoka wesibindi, ngakho-ke kukhona ukubekwa kweshukela ngendlela ye-glycogen.
Imbangela ejwayelekile ye-hyperglycemia ukudonsa kwenani likashukela ngokudla. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ushukela ufaka ngokushesha umzimba, ngenkathi unikeza inani elithile lamandla elidinga ukusetshenziswa komzimba.
Ngenxa yokuxineka kakhulu, kungenzeka kukhuphuke amazinga kashukela egazini. Ukucindezela okungapheli kusebenze izindlala ze-adrenal, ezikhiqiza ama-hormone adingekayo ukuvumelanisa umuntu nengcindezi. Inani ushukela liyakhuphuka, ngenxa yokuthi umzimba ulahlekelwa amandla alo okumunca ngokuphelele.
Ngenxa yezifo ezithathelanayo, i-hyperglycemia ingavela. Imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka ngezifo, ezibonakala ngokuvuvukala kwezicubu. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukwandisa ushukela kungenye yezici ezidala isifo sikashukela. Ngenxa yalokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka amazinga we-glucose njalo.
Izimpawu ezilandelayo ze-hyperglycemia ziyahlukaniswa:
- isifiso esijwayelekile sokuphuza uketshezi
- ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla
- ukulahlekelwa amandla
- ukukhathala,
- umlomo owomile
- kwehle ukungatheleleki,
- ukuvuselelwa kwesikhathi eside kokuklanywa, amanxeba nokusikeka,
- ukulunywa kwesikhumba.
Amazinga kashukela angatholakala uma unamathela ekudleni okukhethekile kokudla, lapho ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ye-glucose kulinganiselwe khona.
I-Hyperglycemia ingaba yisifo esizimele, noma isibonakaliso se-pathology emzimbeni.
I-Hypoglycemia
I-Hypoglycemia ibizwa ngokuthi izinga le-glucose elinciphile. I-pathology enjalo ingahle ibonakale ngenxa yokudla okuqinile okunamanani anganele ama-carbohydrate. Izimpawu eziphambili ze-hypoglycemia yilezi:
- ukunganaki
- ukukhathala
- isicanucanu
- ukungaphatheki kahle
- migraines.
Enye yezimbangela ze-hypoglycemia ithathwa njengomzimba omningi ngokweqile. Nge-hypoglycemia, inani lama-carbohydrate liyancipha, okuholela enqubweni yokuphelelwa ngamandla komzimba.
Isibonakaliso esibalulekile se-hypoglycemia yile:
- isiyezi
- ukuqubuka kodlame,
- ukukhathala okungapheli
- ukuchama kaningi, ikakhulukazi ebusuku,
- isicanucanu
- umuzwa wesisu esingenalutho.
Isizathu salezi zinto ukuthi ubuchopho abukwazi ukuthola inani elifanele lezakhamzimba ezidingekayo.
Uma ungathathi izinyathelo zokwandisa ushukela wegazi, lokhu kuzoholela ekubukekeni kwezinkinga, kubonakaliswa ukuqunjelwa okukhulu kwemisipha, ukulahleka kokuxineka, umsebenzi wokukhubazeka wokukhuluma. Kungahle kube nokudideka esikhaleni.
I-complication eyingozi ye-hypoglycemia yisifo sohlangothi, lapho izicubu zobuchopho zilimala khona kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathuba amakhulu okuthuthukisa ukoma asekhona. Ngalesi sifo, umuntu angafa.
Ushukela omncane ungalashwa ngokulungiswa komsoco. Kubalulekile ukucebisa ukudla ngemikhiqizo kashukela.
Ushukela ophansi, njenge-hyperglycemia, yisimo esiyingozi esingadala umonakalo omkhulu emzimbeni.
IGlucose
Ingane eneminyaka engaphansi kwenyanga eyi-1 kufanele ibe nenkomba engu-2.8 kuya ku-4, 4 mmol / L. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-14 ubudala ngokuvamile zinoshukela oluku-3,2,5,5 mmol / L. Ukusuka eminyakeni eyi-14 kuye kwengama-60, ushukela wegazi akufanele abe ngaphansi kuka-3.2 nangaphezu kuka-5.5 mmol. Abantu abasukela eminyakeni engama-60 kuye kwengama-90 banesibalo esivamile soshukela esingu-4.6-6.4 mmol / L. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlangana okujwayelekile koshukela egazini ngu-4.2-6.7 mmol / L.
I-glucose ejwayelekile yegazi esiswini esingenalutho ingu-3.3 - 5.5 mmol / L, uma kukhulunywa ngomuntu onempilo. Lokhu kujwayelekile kwamukelwa kwezokwelapha. Ngemuva kokudla, izinga likashukela lingagxumela ku-7.8 mmol / h, nalo elibhekwa njengelilungile.
Izinkomba ezikhonjiswe ngenhla ziyinsakavukela kashukela wegazi kusuka emunweni. Lapho ucwaningo lwenziwa esiswini esingenalutho kusuka emthanjeni, inani loshukela liyohlala liphezulu. Kulokhu, inani loshukela elingama-6.1 mmol / L livunyelwe.
Isifo sikashukela, noma ngabe sinhlobonhlobo kangakanani, sidinga ukunamathela njalo ekudleni okukhethekile.
Ukugcina ushukela emzimbeni unesifo sikashukela, udinga ukulandela izeluleko zezokwelashwa bese ulandela ukudla okunempilo. Ungazikhethela ezemidlalo ezingakhathali futhi uzivocavoce njalo. Kulesi simo, izinga likashukela lizosondela ezinkombeni eziwuphawu lomuntu ophilile.
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela kwenziwa kubantu bayo yonke iminyaka ngemuva kokwenza isivivinyo sikashukela esishukela esiswini esingenalutho. Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa itafula elifanele. Izindlela ezibucayi zoshukela wegazi yilezi:
- Isimo sikashukela egazini le-capillary esiswini esingenalutho sivela ku-6.1 mmol / l,
- Isimo sikashukela egazini le-venous sisuka ku-7 mmol / l.
Uma igazi lithathwa ushukela ngehora ngemuva kokudla, khona-ke inkomba ifinyelela ku-10 mmol / L. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-120, okujwayelekile kufanele kufike ku-8 mmol / L. Ngaphambi kokulala, kusihlwa, izinga le-glucose liyancipha, inani layo eliphakeme ngalesi sikhathi liyi-6 mmol / l.
Ushukela wegazi ongalunganga ungaba sezimweni eziphakathi nendawo ezinganeni nakubantu abadala.
Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokuthi i-prediabetes. Izinga le-glucose liyaphazamiseka ebangeni le-5.5 - 6 mmol / L.
Isheke Likashukela
Ukuhlola ushukela wegazi, udinga ukusola i-pathology. Izinkomba zokuhlaziya ukoma kakhulu, ukulunywa kwesikhumba nokuchama kaningi. Ungalinganisa nini ushukela wegazi nge-glucometer? Izilinganiso kufanele zithathwe esiswini esingenalutho ngokwazo, ekhaya, noma esikhungweni sezokwelapha.
Imitha yeglucose yegazi iyithuluzi lokulinganisa ushukela wegazi elidinga ukwehla okuncane. Lo mkhiqizo unezibuyekezo ezinhle kuphela. Imitha ikhombisa imiphumela ngemuva kokulinganisa, ukuyibonisa kwisibonisi.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imitha, kufanele ufunde imiyalo. Ukuhlaziywa kwenziwa ngesisu esingenalutho, ngoba amahora ayishumi isihloko kufanele singadli ukudla. Izandla kufanele zigezwe kahle ngensipho, bese zithutha ngokulinganayo, zigxobe iminwe ephakathi nezikhala, zizesule ngesixazululo sotshwala.
Besebenzisa isikhafu, bathatha igazi likashukela kusuka emunweni. Idrophu yokuqala ayisetshenziswa, kanti nethonsi lesibili kumucu wokuhlola, obekwe kudivayisi. Ngemuva kwalokho imitha ifunda imininingwane futhi ibonise imiphumela.
Uma imitha ikhombisa ukuthi ushukela wakho wegazi osheshayo uphezulu kakhulu, kufanele uthathe okunye ukuhlolwa okuvela emthanjeni ngaphansi kwezimo zelebhu. Le ndlela inikeza ukufundwa kweglucose okunembe kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, izokwembulwa isibonakaliso esinembe kakhulu kunoshukela wegazi lomuntu. Udokotela kumele anqume ukuthi inkomba yehluke kangakanani kwisilinganiso esijwayelekile. Izilinganiso eziningana ziyindlela edingekayo esigabeni sokuqala.
Uma izimpawu ezinkulu zesifo sikashukela zinzima, khona-ke ungenza isifundo esisodwa ngesisu esingenalutho. Uma kungekho ukubonakaliswa kwesimilo, ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kuncike emazingeni aphezulu kashukela. Ukuhlaziywa kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi ezi-2 ngezinsuku ezihlukile. Ukuhlaziywa kokuqala kuthathwa esiswini esingenalutho ekuseni kusetshenziswa i-glucometer, ukuhlaziywa kwesibili kuthathwe emthanjeni.
Kwesinye isikhathi abantu bakhetha ukunciphisa ukunciphisa ukudla okuthile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Lokhu akudingekile, ngoba inkomba yeglucose yegazi ingaba yokwethenjwa. Kuvinjelwe ukudla ukudla okuningi okumnandi.
Izinga likashukela lithinteka yi:
- ezinye ze-pathologies
- ukwanda kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona,
- ukukhulelwa
- isimo ngokwengqondo.
Ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa, umuntu kufanele aphumule. Usuku olungaphambi kokuhlaziywa alunconywa ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile.
Ushukela wegazi ulinganiswa esiswini esingenalutho. Uma umuntu esengozini, kufanele ahlolwe kabili ngonyaka. Futhi, lolu cwaningo kumele lwenziwe yibo bonke abantu abaye bawela ingqophamlando yeminyaka engama-40.
Abantu abanamathuba aphezulu wesifo sikashukela bafaka:
- abesifazane abakhulelwe
- abantu abakhuluphele.
Futhi, abantu abanezihlobo zabo abahlushwa uhlobo lwesibili sikashukela maningi amathuba okuba bahlaselwe yilesi sifo.
Akunzima ukuthola isilinganiso sakho se-glycemic. Uma umuntu ekwazi okujwayelekile, uma kwenzeka kuphambuka, uzoya kudokotela ngokushesha futhi aqale ukwelashwa. Isifo sikashukela yisifo esiyingozi esisongela impilo nokuphila kanye nezinkinga zako ezingaba khona. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izoqhubeka nesihloko sokuhlolwa ushukela egazini.
