I-METABOLIC SYNDROME - KUYINI? - ISIFO SIKASHUKELA

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I-Metabolic syndrome ukugula okungu-metabolic, okuphawuleka ngokwanda okungajwayelekile kokufakwa kwamafutha esiswini okuzungeze izitho zangaphakathi kuhlangene nomfutho wegazi ophakeme nezinye izibonakaliso ezingejwayelekile.

Imbangela eqondile ye-pathology ukwehla kwezwela le-insulin. Isimo se-pathological sivutshana nokukhula kwezifo ezimbi kakhulu - uhlobo II sikashukela i-mellitus, isifo sokuqina kwemizwa.

Kuyini i-metabolic syndrome?

I-Metabolic syndrome ayisona isifo ngomqondo wezokwelapha: kungukugula okuyinkimbinkimbi okunesifiso sokuthuthuka. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokukhula kwalesi simo ukwenqena okuphansi kwezicubu zomzimba esenzweni se-insulin ye-hormone.

Ukumelana ne-insulin kubonakaliswa ukukhula okuhamba kancane kancane: i-anomaly enjalo ayiveli ngokuzumayo. Uma kutholakala izimpawu zokusabela kwezicubu ezithambile kwe-insulin esiteji sokuqala, kungenzeka uma i-metabolic syndrome ingaqedwa, khona-ke ukuqhubeka kwayo kuvinjelwe.

Ngokwezibalo, ukwanda kwesifo se-metabolic phakathi kwabantu emazweni athuthukile ngu-10-20%. Kudala bekukholelwa ukuthi le ndlela yokusebenza kwabantu ngabantu abaseminyakeni ephakathi, kepha muva nje, odokotela emhlabeni jikelele baqaphele ukwanda okuqhubekayo kokuthuthukiswa kwesifo phakathi kwentsha nentsha. Kodwa-ke, okuphikisana okukhulu kwabantu abane-metabolic syndrome abesifazane ngemuva kweminyaka engama-30.

Izimbangela ze-pathology

Isimo sokubekezelela i-insulin kwesinye isikhathi siba umphumela wokuvela kusakhi sofuzo somuntu sokuya kokungafani.

Kodwa-ke, izimbangela zangaphandle nazo zingadala ukuthuthukiswa kwesibonakaliso se-metabolic syndrome, njenge:

Ukudla okungenamsoco (ubukhulu bokudla okuvela esigabeni sokudla okusheshayo ekudleni, ukudla okuphazamisekile);
Ukuxineka, ukuthwala ngokweqile nangokomzwelo;
I-Hypodynamia (ukuntuleka komsebenzi wezimoto);
Umsebenzi weSedentary;
Imodi engafanele yokuphumula;
Ukuya esikhathini kubantu besifazane.

Ukuba khona kwezicubu ze-adipose ngokweqile emzimbeni ngisho nangaphambi kokukhula kokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic kuyisici esiyingozi sokuvela kokumelana ne-insulin.

Ngakho-ke, ukuba khona kwamafutha omzimba kuholela ekukhuluphiseni okukhulu kakhulu.

Izimpawu nemiphumela

I-Metabolic syndrome ibangela ukuguqulwa kwe-pathological kuzo zonke izinhlelo zomzimba.

Isibonakaliso esivelele kakhulu salesi simo ukukhuluphala kwangaphakathi (visceral).

Lolu hlobo lokukhuluphala lubangela uchungechunge lokuphendula kwe-pathological okuholela ezinhlobonhlobo zokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic nezinqubo ezibuhlungu emzimbeni. Njengoba izicubu ze-adipose ngokwazo ziyisitho esikhulu se-endocrine futhi zingumthombo wokuhlanganiswa kwezakhi ezisebenzayo ngokuphila, ibhalansi yangaphakathi yomzimba womuntu (i-homeostasis) iyaphazamiseka ngokwanda kongqimba lwamafutha.

Esigabeni sokuqala, i-metabolic syndrome iyi-asymptomatic, kepha izimfuneko zokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic zingakha ngisho esemncane, isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokubonakaliswa kwezimo ezinzima zeklinikhi.

Ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kwe-metabolic syndrome kungaba yi-hypertension ye-arterial kanye ne-dyslipidemia (ukuthambekela okungahambi kahle kwezindonga zemikhumbi yempi).

Isici esengeziwe izimpawu ze-metabolic syndrome yilezi:

Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kwe-Visceral: umbandela walesi simo ukwanda kokujikeleza (izinkomba ezilandelayo zibonisa ubukhona be-pathology - ngaphezu kwe-100 cm emadodeni futhi ngaphezu kwe-88 cm kwabesifazane);
Ukumelana ne-insulin nezinga eliphakeme laleli hormone egazini;
Ukuqala kwe-atherosulinosis kanye nokubonakaliswa kwesifo senhliziyo somoya ngendlela yokuhlasela kwe-angina;
Ukuphefumula

Ukukhathala;
Ukusebenza okuncishisiwe;
Isifiso sokudla ngokweqile;
I-Polydipsia (ukoma kwe-pathological);
Ukuchama okusheshayo;
Ukujuluka okukhulu
Ubuhlungu bekhanda obujwayelekile;
Isikhumba esomile.

Ukuntuleka komphumela wokwelapha nokulawula okunengqondo kwe-metabolic syndrome kungaholela kuma-pathologies abucayi kakhulu:

isibindi esinamafutha,
isifo sokuqina kwesibindi
gout
i-polycystic ovary kwabesifazane,

ukungabi namandla emadodeni
i-thrombosis
i-myocardial infarction
isifo sohlangothi
isifo sikashukela sikashukela.

I-Metabolic Syndrome nesifo sikashukela

Ukumelana ne-insulin nokubonakala kwayo (ukukhuphuka okusheshayo kwe-glucose, ukuthunyelwa kwe-carbohydrate engasebenzi kahle ezicutshini) kusongela ngqo ekuthuthukiseni ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic okuphikelelayo - ngamanye amagama, uhlobo II isifo sikashukela mellitus.

Lesi sifo senzeka lapho ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic ye-carbohydrate metabolism kuqala. Ingozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela ene-metabolic syndrome kuthiwa iphakeme kakhulu. Kungakho ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kwalesi simo kubaluleke kakhulu. Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo ukulawula okugcwele kwe-metabolic syndrome ezingeni lomtholampilo lapho kutholakele.

Ukuxilonga

I-Metabolic syndrome ayisona isifo ngomqondo wezokwelapha

Ukudlanga kwalesi sifo esijwayelekile se-metabolic kuhamba kancane kuthatha isilinganiso sodlame emazweni asethuthukile. Izifundo zobudokotela eminyakeni yamuva ziqinisekisa ubudlelwane phakathi kokukhuluphala ngenxa yesifo se-metabolic kanye nengozi ekhulayo yamathumba amabi.

Umbuzo ophakamayo: ungayibona kanjani i-metabolic syndrome lapho kuqala isigaba sokukhula kwayo?

Isikhombisi esiyinhloko lizinga le-glucose. Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kwenkomba ye-glycemic kuyindlela enhle yokubona ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic ngesikhathi esifanele futhi unikeze umphumela ofanele wokwelapha.

Lapho uthola isifo, indlela ethembeke kunazo zonke yokuthola i-pathology ukuhlolwa kwegazi okunethiwekhi okuvumela ukuthi ukhombe:

I-hyperglycemia yasekuseni (ukukhulisa ushukela we-plasma);
Izimpawu zokubekezelela ushukela;
Ama-triglycerides aphakanyisiwe;
Izinga cholesterol ephezulu.

Ezinye izinqubo zokuxilonga ezithola ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic yilezi:

ukuqapha kwengcindezi yegazi
ukuhlolwa kwesiguli kwangaphandle,
ukulinganiswa kwesisindo nokujikeleza okhalweni,
umlando ogcwele walesi sifo.

Imiphumela yokwelapha ku-metabolic syndrome

Amaqhinga okwelapha we-metabolic syndrome ancike kubungako bokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic kanye nokuba khona kwezifo ezihlangene.

Izinhloso eziphambili zokwelashwa:

ukulungiswa kwe-carbohydrate kanye ne-lipid metabolism,
Ukuqedwa kwezimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-pathology - ukukhuluphala, umfutho we-arterial hypertension, isifo sokuqina kwemizwa, izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela,
kunezindlela zokulungiswa okuyingxenye kokumelana ne-insulin.

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwalesi simo - esimweni ngasinye, odokotela bakha uhlelo lokwelapha olulodwa. Ukulawulwa okunekhono kwe-metabolic syndrome esigabeni sokuqala sokuguqulwa kwe-pathological kuzosiza ukugwema ukwelashwa okungathi sína kwezidakamizwa ze-atherossteosis, isifo se-coronary nesifo sikashukela ngokuzayo.

Ukulungiswa kokukhuluphala

Esigabeni sokuqala, umsebenzi oyinhloko wesiguli nodokotela ozayo (uchwepheshe-endocrinologist obandakanyeke ekwelashweni kwe-metabolic syndrome) ukuqina kwezinkomba zesisindo.

Uma ungeke wehlise isisindo somzimba, udinga okungenani ukumisa ukuqhubeka kwenqubo yokukhuluphala.

Ngale njongo, ukwelashwa kokudla kuyasetshenziswa. Ukuzijwayeza kufakazele ukuthi akusizi ngalutho ukunamathela kunoma yikuphi ukudla "okulambile", ngoba ngokushesha noma ukuvela kwenzeka, isiguli siqala ukudla ngokweqile, bese ukubuya kwesisindo ngokweqile kubuya njalo. Ngakho-ke, odokotela abaningi batusa ukudla okuphansi kwe-carb.

Uhlu lokudla olunqatshelwe lufaka lokho okuthiwa "okusheshayo" ama-carbohydrate - amaswidi, amakhekhe, ushukela, ukudla okusheshayo. Inyama enamafutha inconyelwa ngamanani amancane kuphela: ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe ezinhlotsheni ezinamafutha amancane noma ngamaprotheni emifino. Ngaphandle kokuhluleka okusanhlamvu, imifino emisha, izithelo zifakiwe ekudleni.

Ukudla okulinganiselayo kuzokuvumela ukuthi ulawule ngempumelelo i-metabolic syndrome futhi uvikele ukuqhubeka kwayo. Kodwa-ke, umuntu kufanele azi ukuthi ukwelapha (ukuqeda) lesi simo akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele, futhi ngisho nokuphumula okuncane ekudleni kungasenza lesi simo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha

Izinqubo zokwelapha ezingezekile zesifo se-metabolic zifaka:

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo - ukuhamba, ukugijima, ukuvakasha echibini, ukuhamba ngebhayisikile;
Ukuqedwa ngokuphelele kokubhema nokuphuza utshwala;
Ukuqashwa njalo kwengcindezi kanye nokukhululeka kwezimpawu zokubonisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kwe-cholesterol, triglycerides kanye noshukela.

Kwesinye isikhathi iziguli ezinokumelana ne-insulin zinikezwa ngemithi ebekiwe (Metformin, Siofor, Glucofage) ekhulisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana ne-insulin. Lezi zimali zisiza ukuvikela ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu zemitholampilo, kungakhonjiswa ukwelashwa okuningana kokukhuluphala. Izicubu ze-adipose ezingeziwe zitholakala emzimbeni - le ndlela yokwelapha ibizwa ngokuthi "ukuhlinzwa kwe-bariatric."

Imithi (fenofibrate) nayo isetshenziselwa ukulungisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-lipid. Izidakamizwa ze-Thiazolidine zehlisa ushukela, ziqinise umfutho wegazi futhi ziqede i-cholesterol embi. Ngasikhathi sinye, ubukhulu bokungenasisekelo kwezindonga zakwamanye amazwe buyancipha.

I-Metabolic syndrome akuyona inkinga yokwelashwa: lesi simo ngeke sithathwe njengesifo esinegciwane eliphelele. Kodwa-ke, lesi yisizathu esibucayi sokulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila nokudla, ngoba imiphumela yokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic ingaba yimbi futhi ingaphenduki.

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