I-INSULIN ENDE - UMGOMO WOKUSEBENZA - IZINDLELA NEZINDLELA ZOKWELASHWA

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Eminyakeni eyikhulu nje edlule, isifo sikashukela sasibhekwa njengesifo esibulalayo. Odokotela babazi ukuthi lesi sifo sibonisa kanjani, futhi sabiza izimbangela ezingaqondile - ngokwesibonelo, ifa noma ukukhuluphala. Futhi kuphela eshumini sesibili sekhulu leminyaka elidlule, ososayensi bathola i-insulin ye-hormone futhi babala indima yayo ku-carbohydrate metabolism. Lokhu kwakuyinsindiso yangempela kwabanesifo sikashukela.

Amaqembu amalungiselelo e-insulin

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala ukwethulwa kwemithamo ethile ye-insulin eyenziwe ngegazi legazi. Ngokwezinkomba ngazinye, le hormone isetshenziselwa nesifo sikashukela sohlobo II.

Indima eyinhloko ye-insulin emzimbeni ukubamba iqhaza ku-metabolism yama-carbohydrate futhi usungule izinga elifanele likashukela egazini.

I-pharmacology yanamuhla ihlukanisa amalungiselelo e-insulin ngezigaba, ikhumbula isilinganiso sokuqala kwe-hypoglycemic (yehlisa ushukela wegazi) umphumela:

i-ultrashort;
mfushane;

isikhathi eside;
isenzo esihlangene.

Kuhlala Isikhathi Eside: Okuzuzisayo nokugcina

Kuze kube muva nje, amalungiselelo e-insulin asebenza isikhathi eside ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amancane amabili: eliphakathi nelide. Eminyakeni yamuva, kuye kwaziwa ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-insulin yesikhathi eside esengeziwe.

Umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwezidakamizwa zawo wonke lawo maqembu amancane amathathu yisikhathi somphumela we-hypoglycemic:

umphumela wesikhathi esiphakathi ngu-8-12, ezigulini eziningi - kuze kufike emahoreni angama-20;
isenzo sesikhathi eside - 20-30 (kwezinye izimo amahora angama-36);
isenzo esithe xaxa - ngaphezulu kwamahora angama-42.

Ama-insulin akhipha ama-insulin ngokuvamile atholakala ngohlobo lokumiswa futhi ahloselwe ukuphatha okuyi-subcutaneous noma i-intramuscular.

Imvamisa, kumuntu ongenaso isifo sikashukela, i-insulin ikhiqizwa ngokuqhubekayo. Amalungiselelo we-insulin asebenza isikhathi eside kuye kwenziwa ukuba alingise inqubo efanayo ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela. Umsebenzi wabo wesikhathi eside emzimbeni ubaluleke kakhulu ngokwelashwa kokulungiswa. Ukunciphisa inani lemijovo kungenye into ebalulekile yezidakamizwa ezinjalo.

Kepha kunomkhawulo: ama-insulin asebenza isikhathi eside awakwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukoma kwesifo sikashukela noma esimweni sokuzithoba sesiguli.

Yini amalungiselelo okusebenza kwe-insulin isikhathi eside?

Cabanga ngemishanguzo edume kakhulu eqenjini lawo eliphansi.

Isofan insulin

Le nto esebenzayo isetshenziswa ezidakamizweni. isilinganiso esiphakathi isenzo. Ummeleli angabhekwa njenge-French Insuman Bazal GT. Itholakala ngesimo sokumiswa ngokuqukethwe kwe-insulin yamayunithi angama-40 noma ayi-100. Umthamo webhodlela elilodwa ngu-10 noma 5 ml, ngokulandelana.

Ubungqabavu bomuthi ukubekezelela kwayo okuhle ezigulini eziye zaphawulwa ngokungabekezeleleki kwezinye i-insulin. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sidakamizwa singasetshenziswa komama abakhulelwe nabahlengikazi (sidinga ukubhekwa kwezokwelashwa). I-isofan insulin ikhishwa kanye ngosuku.

Izindleko ezilinganiselwe zephakethe lamabhodlela amahlanu ka-5 ml - kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-1300.

Insulin glargine

Umuthi lo osethatha isikhathi eside ihlukile ngendlela yayo. Iqiniso ngukuthi i-insulin eminingi inezinto okuthiwa i-peak. Lesi yisikhathi lapho i-hormone egazini ifinyelela esikalini sayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin glargine kuqeda umzuzu onjalo ophakeme: umuthi usebenza ngokufana futhi njalo. Umuthi wenzelwe ukuphatha okwenziwa nsuku zonke.

Elinye lamagama entengiso iLantus. Ikhiqizwa eFrance njengepeni yesirinji yokumiswa komjovo we-subcutaneous. Izindleko zomuthi cishe zizi-ruble ezingama-3 500 zama-syringe ama-5 we-3 ml ngayinye.

Insulin degludec

Leli igama lomhlaba wonke eleso sidakamizwa. ukuthatha isikhathi eside. Ngokusho kokuqagela kochwepheshe, manje ayinakho ukufana okugcwele emhlabeni wonke. Igama lokuhweba - "Tresiba Penfill", izwe aqhamuka kulo - IDenmark. Ukukhishwa kwefomu - ama-cartridges anomthamo we-3 ml (amayunithi ayi-100 e-insulin / ml), ebhokisini - ama-5 cartridge. Intengo elinganiselwa yesidakamizwa cishe ama-ruble angama-7500.

Umuthi uphathwa kanye njalo emahoreni angama-24 nganoma yisiphi isikhathi esivumelana (kuya phambili kufanele unamathelwe). I-Insulin degludec yenzelwe ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela ezigulini zabantu abadala, kufaka phakathi labo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65 ubudala. Manje asisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela kwabahlengikazi, abesifazane abakhulelwe, nasezinganeni nasebusheni.

Yonke insulin echaziwe inconywa ukuthi iphathwe imizuzu engama-45-60 ngaphambi kokudla.

Imiphumela emibi

Kumalungiselelo we-insulin (kungakhathalekile ukuthi isikhathi siphi isenzo), imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile iyaphawulwa:

i-hypoglycemia;
imiphumela yokungezwani komzimba ejwayelekile (i-urticaria, ukulunywa);
ukusabela komzimba kwendawo (ukulunywa, ukubambeka lapho kwenziwa khona umjovo);
ukwephulwa kongqimba lwamafutha endaweni yomjovo (kwesinye isikhathi i-insulin iboshwe ngamafutha angaphansi).

Imiphumela emibi eminingi kungenzeka ingenzeki nhlobo. Imvamisa kwanele ukulandela imithetho embalwa eyisisekelo:

landela ukudla okuqinile;
sebenzisa amalungiselelo e-insulin ngokuphelele ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo kadokotela nemiyalo yokuyisebenzisa;
khipha imithi yokuzelapha (ungayithatheli futhi ungasebenzisi ngokwakho ama-insulin amalungiselelo);
shintsha njalo indawo yokujova.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo we-insulin okuhlala isikhathi eside ezigulini kuvumela ukugwema izinkinga eziningi ngohlobo I nesifo sikashukela II. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusetshenziswa okulungile nokungatholakali kokungahambi kahle komzimba, ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa zesikhathi eside kwenza ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela kulunge kakhulu ezigulini.

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