Abantu abasanda kuhlangabezana nokulimazeka kwe-glucose metabolism banesithakazelo ngokuyinhloko kwizimpawu nezimbangela zesifo sikashukela, bese belashwa. Kuleli khasi uzofunda kabanzi ngezimbangela zalesi sifo kubantu besilisa nabesifazane, abadala, izingane ezincane nentsha. Ushukela wegazi ophakanyisiwe obangelwa ukukhuluphala uphindaphindwe ka-9 kuye ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-autoimmune. Ngakho-ke, okulandelayo kuchaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yini ebangela isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ngemuva kokufunda i-athikili, uzoqiniseka ukuthi lesi sifo sinokugwemeka kahle, izici zayo zobungozi kulula ukusilawula.
Imithombo yesifo sohlobo 2
Kukholakala ukuthi imbangela eyinhloko yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 isisindo esiningi ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi amafutha amadiphozi esiswini. Kodwa-ke, akuyona yonke into elula kakhulu. Ngempela, akubona bonke abantu abakhuluphele abanesifo sikashukela.
Isizathu sangempela sokwanda koshukela wegazi ukhuluphele kuhlanganiswe ne-genetic predisposition.
Okokuqala, qondisisa ukuthi kuyini ukumelana ne-insulin, ukuthi kuhlotshaniswa kanjani nesisindo ngokweqile. Ukumelana ne-insulin kubangela i-metabolic syndrome, ibizwa nangokuthi i-prediabetes. Lokhu ukuphazamiseka okuyingozi kwe-metabolic, noma ushukela wegazi uhlala uvamile. Kubantu abanezinto ezingaba yingozi yofuzo, i-prediabetes igcina iphenduka isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Ukumelana ne-insulin okubangelwa ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kugcwala ama-pancreas. Amasosha omzimba ahlasela namaseli we-beta, njengeziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Ngokwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa, kungaqinisekiswa ukuthi zombili lezi zinqubo ze-pathological ku-diabetes ziyakhula ngasikhathi sinye. Uma kungenasici sofuzo sokuhlaselwa kwe-autoimmune, khona-ke isifo sikashukela se-2 cishe ngeke sibe khona, futhi konke kuzonqunyelwa ku-metabolic syndrome. Khumbula ukuthi lesi yisifo esiyingozi okungafanele sishiywe nje ngengozi. Iphatha ingozi enkulu yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi. Uma kungekho ukwelashwa okusebenzayo, lezi ziguli zinamathuba aphansi okusinda umhlalaphansi. Yize ubumpumputhe noma ukunqunywa kwemilenze kungazisongeli, njengeziguli ezinesifo sikashukela.
Ngenxa yokuthi luhlobo luni lwesifo sikashukela esenzeka
Izizathu eziyinhloko zokwakhiwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1:
- isakhi sofuzo
- izici ezingezinhle zemvelo.
Ososayensi sebevele bazi ngokuqondile ukuthi iziphi izinhlobo zofuzo eziguqukayo ezandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa kwe-autoimmune kumaseli we-pancreatic beta. Omunye umbuzo ukuthi ayikho indlela yokulungisa lezi zinguquko. Ngakho-ke, ungafaki kuhlu oluthile lofuzo esihlokweni sabantu abavamile. Uma ufuna, uzobathola kumagazini wezokwelapha ochwepheshe. Kunengqondo ukulandela izindaba emkhakheni we-biology yamangqamuzana ukuze ungaphuthelwa lapho kuzovela khona izindlela zangempela zokuvimbela izakhi zofuzo nokwelashwa kwe-autoimmune sikashukela.
Ngokuphathelene nezici ezingezinhle zemvelo, akukho lwazi ngqo lokuthi lubuthinta kanjani ubungozi besifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Isibonelo, iFinland ithathwa njengezwe elinobungane kakhulu nemvelo. Kodwa-ke, imvamisa yokuhlaselwa kwe-autoimmune kumaseli we-pancreatic beta phakathi kwaseFinns iphezulu kakhulu. Mhlawumbe ukuhlala esimweni sezulu esinamafu nokuswela i-vitamin D3 kwandisa ingozi yezifo ze-autoimmune. Kepha ukusho lokhu ngokuzethemba akukenzeki.
IVithamini D3 akunakwenzeka ukusiza ukuvikela noma ukwelapha izifo ze-autoimmune.
Sishesha kangakanani isifo sikashukela 1?
Ngokuvamile, imbangela yokuqalwa kwesifo ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Igciwane le-Rubella liyingozi ikakhulukazi ngalo mqondo. Njengoba selihlulile leli gciwane, amasosha omzimba ngandlela thile aqala ukuhlasela amaseli we-pancreatic beta akhiqiza i-insulin. Emzimbeni kunokuhlinzekwa okuningi kwala maseli. Amazinga kashukela wegazi aqala ukukhuphuka kuphela ngemuva kokuba ukuhlaselwa kwe-autoimmune kubhubhise ama-80% amaseli we-beta. Ushukela ophakanyisiwe awubangeli zimpawu ezibucayi ekuqaleni. Ukwehla kwenhlala-kahle kubantu abadala nasezinganeni kuvame ukufakwa kumakhaza noma ingcindezi.
Lapho ushukela usuphakama izikhathi ezingama-2,5 kuya kweziyi-2,5, isiguli sigcina sesinakekelwa kakhulu. Imvamisa i-glucose metabolism ejwayelekile etholakala isivele ikhona. Akukho datha eqondile yokuthi konke lokhu kwenzeka ngokushesha kangakanani. Ngokwokuhlangenwe nakho okulandelayo, ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kungathatha izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu-6 ngemuva kokuba umuntu enesifo segciwane. Ezinye iziguli zinenhlanhla - ngephutha zihlola ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngoshukela bese zithola ngesifo sazo ngesikhathi. Uma ziqala ukwelashwa ngesikhathi, azivumeli ukukhubazeka kwesifo sikashukela (ketoacidosis).
Yini ukubheka abesifazane
Izimbangela zesifo sikashukela kubantu besifazane ziyefana nalezi ezichazwe ngenhla kuleli khasi. Izici eziyingozi ezinkulu:
- umsoco ocwengekile we-carbohydrate;
- impilo yokuhlala;
- isethulo sofuzo sokuhlaselwa kwe-autoimmune kumaseli we-pancreatic beta.
Ngokusondela kokuya esikhathini, imetabolism iyehla, ngoba isizinda sehomoni egazini siyashintsha. Lokhu kwandisa ubungozi be-metabolic syndrome kanye nokwanda okwengeziwe koshukela wegazi. Bheka i-athikili enemininingwane, Isifo Sikashukela Kwabesifazane. Uma ukhathazekile ngezimpawu ezichazwe kulo, thatha uhlolo lwegazi ushukela (i-glycated hemoglobin), futhi uhlole nezinga lama-hormone egilo, ikakhulukazi i-T3 yamahhala.
Ngaphezu kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, esinye isikhathi sengozi eyengeziwe empilweni yowesifazane ukukhulelwa. Isifo sikashukela, esivele okokuqala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa sibizwa ngokuthi ukungcebeleka. Isizathu sayo ukuthi i-placenta ishintsha isizinda se-hormonal emzimbeni, yehlisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin. Ngemuva kweviki lamashumi amabili lokukhulelwa nangaphambi kokuzalwa, i-placenta ikhiqiza ikakhulukazi abaningi abaphikisana ne-insulin. Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kungaholela ekuzalweni kwengane sikhulu kakhulu futhi sibangele ezinye izinkinga. Shono abesifazane baphoqeleka ukuthi bahlole igazi ngoshukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Okufanele ukwenze amadoda
Yini ebangela isifo sikashukela kowesilisa osemdala? Ingabe ukhona umehluko nabesifazane ngezizathu?
Izimbangela eziphambili zezinkinga ze-glucose metabolism emadodeni amadala ziyafana nakwabesifazane. Ngakho-ke, indlela yokuphila enempilo ukuvikelwa okuqinisekisiwe kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi uzokhulisa ushukela ekukhuleni ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yi-autoimmune. Uma kwenzeka lokhu, lesi sifo sizoqhubeka kalula, ngemininingwane eminingi bheka isihloko esithi "LADA -abetes". Ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala, phakathi kwezinye izinkinga, kungadala i-pancreatitis nezinye izifo ze-pancreatic. Futhi ukusuka lapho akukude noshukela omkhulu wegazi.
IHemchromatosis iyinkinga yokuqongelela i-iron eyeqile kumanyikwe. Njenge-pancreatitis, kwandisa ubungozi besifo sikashukela. Abesifazane balahlekelwa yinsimbi eyeqile ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Amadoda awanayo “i-valve” enjalo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile kubo ukuthi bahlole njalo izinga le-iron egazini (ukuhlaziywa kwe-serum ferritin). Uma imiphumela ingaphezulu kwesijwayelekile - yiba onikela ngegazi. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nezinye izifo ezihlobene nobudala. Ama-Steroid, avame ukuthathwa abakhi bomzimba, andisa ingozi yokuthola ukuphazamiseka kwe-glucose metabolism okungenani ngama-20%.
Isifo sikashukela sabantwana
Izimbangela zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni zivame ukufana nakwabadala. Esikhathini esiningi kakhulu samacala, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-glucose metabolism ezinganeni kuyisifo se-autoimmune, isb. Uhlobo 1 sikashukela. Imvamisa yalokhu kugula ihlala iqinile noma inciphile. Kepha ukwanda kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ezinganeni nasebusheni eminyakeni yamuva, ngeshwa kuyakhula. Lokhu kungenxa yokudla ngokweqile kanye nezinga eliphansi kakhulu lomzimba. Kodwa-ke, le nkinga isebenza ikakhulukazi emazweni akhuluma isiNgisi. Emazweni e-CIS, isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 siyivelakancane kakhulu ezinganeni nasentsheni, yize ubhubhane lokukhuluphala kwengane luya lukhula, njengakwamanye amazwe.
Yini ubungozi bokuthola isifo sikashukela ezinganeni?
Isici esiyingozi esiyisisekelo sokukhula kwesifo sikashukela sengane ifa. Uma omunye wabazali, abafowethu noma udadewabo enesifo se-autoimmune, khona-ke amathuba esifo esifanayo enganeni ayanda. Kodwa-ke, umuntu akufanele ethuke. Uma omunye wabazali enesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala, ubungozi enganeni buso-4% kuphela. Lokhu akukuningi. Kepha uma bobabili abazali benesifo sikashukela, kungenzeka ukuthi ingane icishe ibe ngama-20%.
Ngokuyinhloko, ukuhlolwa ngofuzo kungenziwa ukuhlola ubungozi bokuthola isifo sikashukela enganeni. Kepha iwebhusayithi yeDiabetes-Med.Com ayincomi ukwenza lokhu.
Ukuhlolwa kofuzo kuyabiza, futhi ngeke ukwazi ukuguqula noma yini ngokuya ngemiphumela yako.
Izindlela zokulungiswa kwe-Gene azikatholakali emphakathini jikelele. Kunengqondo kusengaphambili ukuthi udlulise ngokuqondile wonke umndeni emndenini wokudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate, kanye nokulandela izindaba ezivela emkhakheni we-biology yesimanje.
Kube nokushicilelwa komagazini abangochwepheshe ukuthi ukondla izingane ngokungezelelwe kwandisa ingozi yazo yokuba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ngokuzayo, uma kuqhathaniswa nezingane ezinceliswa ubisi lwebele. Kepha lo mbono awukabhekwa njengofakazelwe ngokuphelele. Noma kuvela ukuthi kuyiqiniso, noma kunjalo, ukondla okwenziwe ngamakhanda kukhulisa ubungozi besifo sikashukela se-autoimmune kancane. Uma unesizathu esihle sokwenqaba ukuncelisa ibele, khona-ke akufanele ungabanaki.
Ngabe kukhona izimbangela ezikhethekile zesifo sikashukela eshumini nambili?
Intsha izama ukuphuma kolawulo lwabazali bayo. Babonisa ukuhlubuka kwabo ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Lokhu kubabeka ezingozini eziningi. Kepha okungenani zonke lezi zingozi azihlobene nesifo sikashukela. Kukholelwa ukuthi amathuba okukhulisa izifo ze-autoimmune awekho aphezulu kunasezinganeni ezincane. Isimanga sesifo sikashukela sabantwana ukuthi lapho kuqala kuqala, kube lula ukuqhubeka. Ngale ndlela, isifo sikashukela esisebusheni siyisifo esinobuchopho kunokulimala kwe-glucose metabolism ezinganeni nasezinkulungwaneni.
Imbangela yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ukudla okungenampilo, impilo yokuhlala nokuhlala emzimbeni. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezimbi kunamandla kangangokuba ushukela wegazi ukhuphuka kakade ebusheni. Kwenzeka ukuthi intsha idle ngokweqile futhi ithole isisindo ukuze ikhombise ukungalaleli kwabazali bayo. Lokhu kuhlobene nezimbangela ezingokwengqondo zesifo sikashukela. Noma ngabe ukuphazamiseka kwe-glucose metabolism kungaqali, imiphumela yokuziphatha okunjalo izokulimaza kakhulu.
