Esinye sezigaba ezibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yowesifazane ukukhulelwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, ingane engekazalwa yakhiwa esibelethweni sikanina, ngakho-ke umzimba wakhe kufanele ulungele ukuthwala imithwalo esindayo. Kulokhu, kuphakama umbuzo - kungenzeka yini ukuba ubelethe ushukela?
Izingozi nezinkinga ezingenzeka
Phambilini, isifo sikashukela besiyisithiyo esikhulu ekutholakaleni kwezingane. Odokotela abancomanga ukuba nengane, ngoba bekukholelwa ukuthi ingane ngeke ifumane lesi sifo kuphela kubazali bayo, kodwa futhi nethuba eliphakeme lokuzalwa izalwe nama-pathologies.
Umuthi wanamuhla usondela kule ndaba ngendlela ehlukile. Namuhla, ukukhulelwa unesifo sikashukela kubhekwa njengento evamile engaphazamisi ukuzalwa kwengane. Ingabe bukhona ubudlelwano phakathi kwesifo sikashukela nokuzala kwengane? Ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni lwezokwelapha kanye nokubonayo, amathuba okudlulisela isifo sikashukela enganeni engakazalwa sekusunguliwe.
Ngakho-ke, uma umama wakhe egula, ithuba lokudlulisela lesi sifo esibelethweni ngamaphesenti amabili kuphela. Abashukela abanesifo sikashukela bangaba nezingane ezinesifo sikashukela nasemadodeni. Kodwa uma ubaba egula, amathuba okudluliselwa kwefa lesifo ayanda futhi angamaphesenti amahlanu. Okubi kakhulu uma isifo sikashukela sitholakala kubo bobabili abazali. Kulokhu, amathuba okudluliselwa kwalesi sifo ngamaphesenti angamashumi amabili nanhlanu futhi lokhu kuyisisekelo sokuqedwa kokukhulelwa.
Ukuzikhuza, ukunamathela ngokuqinile emiyalweni kadokotela, ukuqapha njalo kwe-glucose egazini nasekugadweni kukachwepheshe - konke lokhu kuthinta inkambo ejwayelekile kanye nomphumela wokukhulelwa.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuphatha ushukela emzimbeni wowesifazane okhulelwe. Izinguquko kule nkomba zingaboniswa ngokungekuhle kumama kuphela, kodwa nakwezayo ingane.
Izinto eziphilayo zomama nengane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zixhunywe ngendlela engalingani. Ngokukhuphuka kwezinga le-glucose emzimbeni wowesifazane, ushukela omningi ungene ku-fetus. Ngakho-ke, ngokushoda kwaso, ingane izwa i-hypoglycemia. Ngokubaluleka kokubaluleka koshukela ekukhuleni nasekusebenzeni okujwayelekile komzimba womuntu, isimo esinjalo kungaholela ekubukekeni kwama-pathologies ahambisana nokuwohloka kokukhula kwengane.
Ukuqhuma okungazelelwe kushukela kuyingozi kakhulu, ngoba kungabangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukubheka iqiniso lokuthi ushukela ngokweqile uvame ukuqwabelana emzimbeni wengane, okuholele ekwakhekeni kwama-deposits anamafutha. Lokhu kukhulisa isisindo sengane, okungathinta kabi inqubo yokuzala ingane (ukuzala ingane kube yinkimbinkimbi, kanti ingane ingahle ilimale kabi lapho ishiya isibeletho).
Kwezinye izimo, izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa zingase zithole ukuncipha kwamazinga kashukela. Lokhu kungenxa yezici zokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine. Ama-pancreas wengane, akhiqiza i-insulin, aphoqelelwa ukuyikhipha ngobukhulu obukhulu ngenxa yokudla ushukela emzimbeni womama. Ngemuva kokuzalwa, inkomba ijwayelekile, kepha i-insulin ikhiqizwa ngamanani wangaphambilini.
Ngakho-ke, noma isifo sikashukela namuhla singeyona isithiyo sokuba nengane, abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele balawule ngokuqinile amazinga abo kashukela egazini ukuze bagweme izinkinga. Izinguquko zakhe ezisheshayo zingaholela ekuphuthweni kwesisu.
Contraindication ukuba ngumama
Naphezu kwempumelelo yemithi yesimanje, kwezinye izimo, odokotela batusa ukukhipha isisu.
Iqiniso ngukuthi isifo sikashukela siyingozi emzimbeni womuntu. Inomthwalo obalulekile ezinhlokweni nasezinhlungwini zayo eziningi, okwenyuka kakhulu ngokuqala kokukhulelwa. Isimo esinjalo singasongela hhayi kuphela ingane, kodwa futhi impilo kamama.
Namuhla akunconywa ukuthi abesifazane bakhulelwe, uma benakho:
- ushukela ongamelana ne-insulin onomkhuba we-ketoacidosis;
- isifo sofuba esisebenzayo;
- ingxabano ye-rhesus;
- isifo senhliziyo;
- isifo sezinso (ukwehluleka kakhulu kwezinso);
- i-gastroenteropathy (ifomu elinzima).
Ukutholwa kwesifo sikashukela kubo bobabili abazali, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, nakho kuwukuphikisana. Kepha isinqumo sokuqeda ukukhulelwa singenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokubonisana nochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe (i-endocrinologist, i-gynecologist, njll.). Ingabe abanesifo sikashukela bangaba nezingane ngalezi zinkinga? Emikhakheni yezokwelapha, kunezibonelo ezanele zokuthi abazali abagulayo bazala kanjani izingane ezinempilo ngokuphelele. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi ingozi ebhekiswa kunina nakibelethayo inkulu kakhulu ukusindisa ingane.
Kunoma ikuphi, ukukhulelwa onesifo sikashukela kufanele kuhlelwe, kungazilandeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuqala ukuyilungiselela izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha ngaphambi komqondo ohlongozwayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesifazane kufanele aqaphe ushukela egazini lakhe, enqaba ukuthatha eminye imishanguzo kanye nama-multivitamin complexes. Ngalesi sikhathi sesikhathi, kufanelekile ukuthola ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe abazobheka inqubekela phambili yokukhulelwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, owesifazane kudingeka alungiselele ngokwengqondo ukukhulelwa okuzayo kanye nenqubo yokuzalwa. Ngezinga eliphakeme lokunokwenzeka bazoba nzima. Imvamisa, ochwepheshe baphendukela esigabeni se-cesarean. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uzilungiselele ukuthi isikhathi esiningi kuzodingeka sichithwe esibhedlela.
Isifo sikashukela sokutholwa kwesisu
Abesifazane abakhulelwe bavulelwa isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Le nto ayithathwa njengesifo. Ngokwezibalo, inkinga efanayo yenzeka cishe kumaphesenti amahlanu abesifazane abanempilo abaphethe ingane. Okusho ukuthi, isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa singenzeka kumuntu ongakaze ahlaswe yisifo sikashukela ngaphambili. Imvamisa, le nto yenzeka evikini lamashumi amabili.
Lokhu kungumphumela wesikhashana ohlala kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ekupheleni kwayo, ukuphambuka kuyanyamalala. Kodwa-ke, uma owesifazane enquma ukuzala izingane eziningi, inkinga ingabuya.
Le nto idinga ukufundelwa okwengeziwe, ngoba indlela okwenzeka ngayo ibingakaqondakali ngokuphelele. Kuyaziwa ukuthi isifo sikashukela esinjalo sibangelwa ushintsho lwamahomoni. Umzimba okhulelwe ukhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi, ngoba ayadingeka ekuthuthukisweni okuvumelanayo kwengane esibelethweni. Kwezinye izimo, ama-hormone athinta inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, ukuvimba ukukhishwa kwawo. Ngenxa yalokho, lizinga le-glucose egazini lowesifazane okhulelwe liyakhuphuka.
Ukuze kuzalwe unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ukuze uhambe kahle, udinga ukubonana nodokotela ngesikhathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele wazi ukuthi iziphi izimpawu ezibonisa ukukhula kwayo. Izimpawu ezilandelayo ze-GDM ziyahlukaniswa:
- ukuchama njalo;
- ukuluma, isikhumba esomile;
- i-furunculosis;
- ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla, okuhambisana nokuncipha kwesisindo somzimba.
Uma lezi zimpawu zikhonjwa, kufanele uthintane nochwepheshe ozobheka ukuthi ukhulelwe nini.
Ukukhulelwa
Ngalesi sikhathi, owesifazane kufanele abe ngaphansi kokuqokwa udokotela ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lokhu akusho ukuthi udinga ukuhlala esibhedlela. Udinga nje njalo vakashela uchwepheshe futhi uqaphe ngokucophelela izinga leshukela. Ukukhulelwa nokubeletha ngohlobo lwe-mellitus yesifo sikashukela mina no-II banezimfanelo zabo.
Izenzo nokuziphatha kukamama wengane kuqondile ngqo kulelo gama:
- I-trimester yokuqala. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa izinga lokuphuza i-insulin. Lokhu kwenziwa kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa udokotela wakho. Njengoba ukwakheka kwezitho ezibaluleke kakhulu zesibeletho kuqala ngalesi sikhathi, owesimame kumele abheke ushukela njalo. Kufanele uhambisane nenombolo yokudla eyisishiyagalolunye. Ukusetshenziswa kwanoma iziphi amaswidi akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele. Okuqukethwe kwekhalori okuphelele okudliwe phakathi nosuku akufanele kudlule i-2500 kcal. Ukuze ugweme ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga kanye nama-pathologies, owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele angenwe esibhedlela okuhleliwe.
- Okwesibili trimester. Isikhathi sokuthula. Kepha kusukela ngeviki leshumi nantathu, izinga likashukela wegazi lowesifazane lingakhuphuka. Kulokhu, imijovo eyengeziwe ye-insulin iyadingeka. Kwesinye isikhathi esontweni leshumi nesishiyagalombili kwenziwa esibhedlela, kepha umbuzo wesidingo sakho unqunywa uchwepheshe.
- Okwesithathu trimester. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukulungiselela ukuzalwa okuzayo kuyaqala. Ukuzalwa kwesifo sikashukela ngokuqondile kuncike enkabeni yokukhulelwa kuma-trimesters amabili edlule. Uma bekungekho zinkinga, khona-ke ukuzala kwengane kuzokwenzeka ngokujwayelekile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kusetshenziswa isigaba se-caesarean. Ukuqashwa njalo kwe-neonatologist, i-gynecologist kanye ne-endocrinologist kuphoqelekile.
Ngaphambi kokubeletha, isilinganiso sikashukela segazi sowesifazane silinganiswa bese kufakwa umjovo we-insulin kamama nengane yakhe.
Ngakho-ke, isifo sikashukela ngaso sonke isikhathi asihlali sisithiyo ekuzalweni kwengane. Ngenxa yentuthuko yemithi yesimanje, owesifazane onesifo sikashukela angazala ingane ephilile ngokuphelele. Noma kunjalo, kukhona okuphula umthetho othile lapho kunganconywa ukuba nezingane.
Inkambo yokuzala ingane ngqo incike ekuziphatheni kukamama okhulelwe, isiyalo sakhe nokuzithiba. Ukuqashwa njalo kochwepheshe, ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile nokulawulwa kweshukela kuyisihluthulelo sokuzalwa kwengane enempilo.
