Ngabe ipampu ye-insulin ishukela kanjani?

Ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin, imijovo yama-hormone yenziwa kaningana ngosuku. Kwesinye isikhathi isidingo sokujova i-insulin ezindaweni ezingafanele kakhulu: ezokuthutha zomphakathi, ezikhungweni zomphakathi, emigwaqweni. Ngakho-ke, ama-diulinics ancike ku-insulin kufanele athole ukuthi: i-insulin pump - ukuthi iyini nokuthi isebenza kanjani. Le yithuluzi elikhethekile labanesifo sikashukela elifaka ngokuzenzakalela i-insulin emzimbeni womuntu.

Izici zedivayisi

Iphampu ye-insulin yenzelwe ukuphatha okuqhubekayo kwehormoni kwabanesifo sikashukela. Isebenza njenge-pancreas, lapho kubantu abaphilile bekhiqiza i-insulin. Iphampu ithatha indawo yamapeni wesirinji ngokuphelele, okwenza inqubo yokufaka ibe yemvelo ngokwengeziwe. Kusetshenziswa ipompo, kufakwa i-insulin esebenza ngokufushane. Ngenxa yalokhu, idepho yaleli hormone ayakhi, ngenxa yalokho, ubungozi bokukhula kwe-hypoglycemia lincane.

Amadivayisi wanamuhla awekho amakhulu ngosayizi, ahlanganiswe nebhande elikhethekile noma isembatho esinesiqeshana. Amanye amamodeli akuvumela ukuthi uqaphe izinga le-glycemia. Izinkomba zikhonjiswa esikrinini sedivayisi. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uqaphe isimo futhi uphendule ngendlela esishintsha izinguquko ekugxilweni kwe-glucose emzimbeni.

Ngenxa yokuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela, iziguli zingavimba ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoglycemia. Uma kunesidingo, iphampu ingabuyiselwa noma imiswe. Ngemuva kwalokho imodi yokulethwa kwe-insulin izoshintsha noma ukulethwa kuyeke.

Isimiso sokusebenza

Abaningi banesifiso sokuthi kubukeka kanjani iphampu. Le yithuluzi elincane elilingana ne-pager. Isebenza ngamabhethri. Iphampu lenziwa ngendlela yokuthi imvamisa ethile ifaka umthamo we-insulin ungene emzimbeni. Kufanele ilungiswe ngudokotela ohambelayo ebheka imingcele ngayinye yesiguli ngasinye.

Idivayisi iqukethe izingxenye eziningana.

1. Iphampu ngokwayo, okuyi pump kanye nekhompyutha. Iphampu ikhipha i-insulin, bese ikhompyutha ilawula ucingo.
2. Amandla we-insulin - ikhatrijini.
3. Ukufakwa Kwesethi. Siqukethe i-cannula (leyo ibizwa ngokuthi inaliti emincane epulasitiki), ama-tubules axhumanisa i-cannula kanye nesitsha nge-insulin. Inaliti ifakwa kungqimba lwamafutha angaphansi kwesisu kusetshenziswa idivaysi ekhethekile bese ilungiswa ngofaka udaka. Shintsha leli khithi kufanele libe njalo ezinsukwini ezi-3.
4. Amabhethri wokusebenza okuqhubekayo kwensiza.

I-insulin cartridge idinga ukushintshwa ngokushesha, ngoba iphetha ngomuthi. Inaliti ifakwa kulezo zingxenye zesisu lapho kungumkhuba ukuphatha i-insulin usebenzisa ipeni lesirinji. I-hormone inikezwa ngama-microdoses.

Ukukhetha imodi yokusebenza

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuphathwa kwaleli hormone: i-bolus ne-basal. Ukukhetha kwenziwa ngudokotela, kuye ngezimpawu zenkambo yesifo kanye nenani le-insulin edingekayo ukunxephezela leso simo.

Indlela ye-bolus icabanga ukuthi umthamo odingekayo umuthi ufakwa yisiguli ngesandla ngaphambi kokudla. I-insulin ihlinzekwa ngenani ledingekayo le-metabolism ye-glucose enikezwa ngokudla.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-bolus.

1. I-bolus ejwayelekile. Umthamo uphathwa ngasikhathi sinye, njengalapho usebenzisa ipeni lesirinji. Isikimu esinjalo siyancomeka uma inani elikhulu lama-carbohydrate lingena emzimbeni lapho lidliwa.
2. I-bolus yesikwele. Inani elidingekayo le-insulin alifakwa manzi emzimbeni, kodwa kancane kancane. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-hypoglycemia ebangelwa ukufakwa kwengqondo kwenani elikhulu le-hormone egazini ingavinjelwa. Le ndlela iyathandeka uma umzimba ungena ekudleni okuqukethe inani elikhulu lamaprotheni namafutha (lapho udla izinhlobo ezinamafutha zenyama, inhlanzi). Isingeniso esinjalo sinconyelwe abantu abahlushwa i-gastroparesis.

• I-bolus ephindwe kabili iyinhlanganisela yendlela esezingeni nesikwele. Uma iphampu ye-insulin yesifo sikashukela isethwe ukuphatha umuthi nge-bolus ephindwe kabili, khona-ke ekuqaleni umthamo omkhulu we-insulin uzongena emzimbeni, futhi inani elisele lizophathwa kancane kancane. Le ndlela yokuphatha iyadingeka uma uhlela ukudla ukudla lapho kunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamafutha nama-carbohydrate. Izitsha ezinjalo zifaka i-pasta, efafazwe ngosawoti oshukela noma ikhekhe ngo-bhotela ukhilimu.
• I-Super bolus. Lolu hlobo lokufaka luyadingeka lapho kudingeka ukwanda kwesenzo se-insulin. Sebenzisa i-bolus ephakeme ezimweni lapho kuhlelwa khona ukudla ukudla okwandisa kakhulu ukugcwala koshukela: imigoqo emnandi noma okusanhlamvu kwasekuseni.

Lapho ukhetha indlela ye-basal, i-insulin izohanjiswa ngokuqhubekayo ngokohlelo olukhethiwe kumuntu othize. Le ndlela yakhelwe ukugcina amazinga aphezulu kashukela ngesikhathi sokulala, phakathi kokudla nokudla okulula. Amadivaysi akuvumela ukuthi usethe inani elidingekayo lama-hormone emzimbeni emzimbeni ngezikhathi ezikhethiwe.

Inketho yokubeka ihora ikuvumela ukuba:

• ukunciphisa inani lamahomoni ahlinzekwa ebusuku (lokhu kungavimbela ukwehla koshukela ezinganeni ezincane);
• khuphula ukunikezwa kwe-hormone ebusuku ukuvikela i-hyperglycemia ebusheni ngesikhathi sokuthomba (lokhu kucasulwa izinga eliphakeme lama-hormone);
• khuphula umthamo ekuseni kakhulu ukuvikela ukukhuphuka koshukela ngaphambi kokuvuka.

Khetha imodi yokusebenza efanelekile kufanele ihlangane nodokotela ohambelayo.

Izinzuzo zeziguli

Ngemuva kokuthola ukuthi ipompo isebenza kanjani, abantu abaningi abathembele nge-insulin nabazali bezingane ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 bacabanga ngokuthengwa kwayo. Le divayisi ibiza kakhulu, kepha ku-Federation kunezinhlelo zabanesifo sikashukela, esingathelwa mahhala le divayisi. Kuliqiniso, izakhi zalo kusazofuneka zithengwe zodwa.

Ukufakwa kwe-insulin, okunikezwa ipompo, kwenzeka ngaso leso sikhathi. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-hormone we-Ultra-amafushane nawenziwe ngamafuphi kusiza ukuvikela ukuguquguquka ekugxekeni kwe-glucose.

Izinzuzo zale divayisi zihlanganisa:

• ukunemba okuphezulu kwe-dosing kanye nokuthi kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ama-microdoses e-hormone: igxathu ledosi elilungiselelwe le-bolus lingashintshwa ngokunemba kwe-0.1 PIECES; ngamapeni we-syringe, ukulungiswa ngaphakathi amayunithi we-0.5-1 kuvumelekile;
• Ukuncishiswa kwezikhathi eziyi-15 kwenani lama-punctures enziwe;
• amandla okubala ngokunembile umthamo we-bolus odingekayo, ukukhetha kwendlela yokuphatha;
• Ukuqapha ejwayelekile kwamazinga kashukela: ngokunyuka kokuhlushwa kwepompo, kunikeza isibonakaliso, amamodeli wesimanje angalungisa isilinganiso sokuphathwa kwomuthi ngokwawo aze afike ekuphelelisweni okuphelele kokuhlinzeka lapho kwenzeka i-hypoglycemia;
• ukulondolozwa kwemininingwane yemithamo ephethwe, amazinga we-glucose kwimemori yezinyanga ezi-6 zokugcina: imininingwane ingadluliselwa kwikhompyutha ukuze ihlaziywe.

Le divayisi ibaluleke kakhulu ezinganeni. Ikuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yeziguli ezisencane nabazali babo.

Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa

Odokotela batusa ukuthi bacabange ngokuthenga iphampu yokuthola abanesifo sikashukela emacaleni alandelayo:

• spikes kushukela;
• ukungakwazi ukunxephezela isifo sikashukela;
• izinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi zesifo sikashukela, lapho kuvela khona ubunzima obukhulu;
• iminyaka efinyelela eminyakeni eyi-18 ngenxa yobunzima ekukhetheni nasekuphatheni umthamo odingekayo we-insulin;
• i-ekuseni dawn syndrome (ukuhlushwa kwe-glucose kukhuphuka kakhulu ngaphambi kokuvuka);
• isidingo sokuphathwa njalo kwe-insulin ngamanani amancane.

Iphampu nayo iyanconywa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe nabantu abanokuphila okusebenzayo. Ungamane uthenge iphampu ye-insulin uma isiguli sifuna ukwenza impilo yaso ibe lula.

Contraindication

Iziguli zingazihlela ngokwazo amaphampu anamuhla. Naphezu kokuthola ukuphathwa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-insulin nokubeka umthamo ngudokotela, abantu bayabandakanyeka ekwelashweni. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi i-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside ayingeni egazini likashukela. Uma idivaysi iyeka ukusebenza ngesizathu esithile, lapho-ke izinkinga zingakhula ngemuva kwamahora ama-4. Ngemuva kwakho konke, isiguli singaba ne-hyperglycemia kanye ne-ketoacetosis yesifo sikashukela.

Ngakho-ke, kwezinye izimo akusikisela ukusebenzisa iphampu yesifo sikashukela. Contraindication ifaka:

• ukugula kwengqondo;
• umbono oncishisiwe lapho kungenakwenzeka ukulungisa (ukufunda umbhalo esikrinini kunzima);
• ukwenqatshwa kwesidingo sokubala inkomba ye-glycemic yemikhiqizo, ukungathandi ukufunda ukuthi usebenza kanjani nedivaysi.

Kumele kuqondwe ukuthi idivaysi ngokwayo ayikwazi ukuguqula isimo sesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 sikashukela. Kumele aqaphe ukudla futhi aphile impilo esebenzayo.

Izici zokukhethwa kwezinto zokusebenza

Uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela enikezwa iphampu ye-insulin mahhala, khona-ke akudingeki ukhethe. Kepha uma uhlela ukuthenga ngokuzimela le divayisi ebizayo (futhi intengo yayo ifinyelela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-200), khona-ke kufanele uzijwayeze ngalokho okudingeka unake.

1. Umthamo wethangi kufanele ube owanele ezinsukwini ezi-3 zokusetshenziswa - lokhu imvamisa yokushintsha kwesethi yokumiliselwa, ngalesi sikhathi ungakwazi ukugcwalisa ibhokisi.
2. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kufanele ubheke ukugqama kwezinhlamvu ezikrinini kanye nokukhululeka kwamalebula okufunda.
3. Linganisela isikhathi sokubonisa imithamo ye-bolus ye-insulin. Ezinganeni kufanele zikhethe amadivayisi ngesinyathelo esincane.
4. Ukuba khona kwesibali esakhelwe ngaphakathi: kunquma ukuzwela kwe-insulin, i-carbohydrate eyanele, ubude besikhathi se-insulin kanye ne-glucose ehlosiwe.
5. Ukuba khona nokuzwela kwesiginali ye-alamu ngesikhathi sokukhula kwe-hypoglycemia.
6. Ukumelana namanzi: kukhona amamodeli angawesabi amanzi.
7. Amandla wokusetha amaphrofayili ahlukile wokulawulwa kwe-insulin ngendlela ye-basal: shintsha inani le-hormone elimele ngamaholide, ngezimpelasonto, setha imodi ehlukile phakathi nezinsuku.
8. Amandla okukhiya izinkinobho ukugwema ukuwacindezela ngephutha.
9. Ukuba khona kwemenyu ye-Russian.

Lawa maphuzu kufanele acatshangwe ngaphambi kokuthenga. Uma kusebenza idivaysi oyikhethayo, kuzoba lula kakhulu ukuqapha isimo.

Ukubuyekezwa kweziguli

Ngaphambi kokuthenga idivaysi ebizayo kangako, abantu banesifiso sokuzwa impendulo evela kwabanesifo sikashukela ngamaphampu we-insulin abanolwazi lweminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20. Uma sikhuluma ngezingane, khona-ke le divayisi ingasiza kakhulu impilo yayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ingane esikoleni ngeke yenze ukudla okulula kube yisidingo sikashukela ngesikhathi esichazwe ngokuqinile futhi ngeke imnikeze i-insulin. Nge-pomp, ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga kulula kakhulu.

Ebuntwaneni, ukuthi kungenzeka ukuphathwa kwe-insulin kuma-microdoses nakho kubalulekile. Ekukhuleni, kubalulekile ukunxephezela lesi simo, ukugcwala kweglucose kungahlukahluka ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwesizinda se-hormonal ngesikhathi sokuthomba.

Abantu abadala kule divayisi bahlukile. Njengoba benesipiliyoni seminyaka eminingi ekuzisebenziseni kwe-hormone, abanye bacabanga ukuthi ipompo lingukuchitha imali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezidingekayo ezidinga ukuthengwa nokushintshwa zibiza kakhulu.

Kulula ngabo ukuthi bafake umthamo obaliwe we-insulin ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Abanye besaba ukuthi i-cannula izovaleka, i-hose izogobela, iphampu uqobo izobamba, iphume, amabhethri ayohlala phansi, futhi iphampu iyeke ukusebenza.

Vele, uma kunokwesatshwa kwesidingo sokwenza imijovo yansuku zonke, khona-ke kungcono ukukhetha iphampu. Futhi, kufanele kukhethwe abantu abangenawo amandla okuphatha i-hormone ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye. Kepha kungcono ukubonana nodokotela oyi-endocrinologist.