Ukulinganiswa kwesilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation kanye nenani le-cholesterol ku-plasma kusivumela ukuthi sisole ukuba khona kwezifo ngesikhathi esifanele, sikhombe imbangela yazo, bese siqala ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi.
Izinga le-ESR kungenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu lapho uchwepheshe ahlola isimo sezempilo yabantu.
Inani le-erythrocyte sedimentation kufanele libhekwe njengesinkomba esingalinganiselwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-biochemical. Lapho wenza lokhu kuhlaziya, kubalwa isilinganiso sokuhamba kwenqwaba ye-erythrocyte ebekwe ezimeni ezithile.
Kukalwa ngenani lamamilimitha adonswa amaseli ngehora elilodwa.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlaziywa, umphumela wayo ulinganiselwa ngezinga leplasma ebomvu yegazi esele, okuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yegazi.
Ihlala ngaphezulu komkhumbi lapho okubekwa kuwo izinto zocwaningo. Ukuthola umphumela onokwethenjelwa, kuyadingeka ukudala izimo ezinjalo ngaphansi kokuthi amandla adonsela phansi asebenza kuphela kumaseli abomvu egazi. Ama-anticoagulants asetshenziswa kwezokwelapha ukuvimbela ukugcwala kwegazi.
Yonke inqubo yokuchithwa kwesisindo se-erythrocyte ihlukaniswe izigaba eziningana:
- Isikhathi sokuncipha kancane, lapho amaseli eqala ukwehla;
- Ukusheshisa kokuthengelana. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokwakheka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Akhiwa ngenxa yokuhlangana kwamaseli abomvu egazi ngalinye;
- Ukwehla kancane kancane kokuncipha futhi ukumisa inqubo.
Ukubaluleka okukhulu kunamathiselwe esiteji sokuqala, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukuhlola umphumela amahora ama-24 ngemuva kokuqoqwa kwe-plasma. Lokhu sekuvele kwenziwa esigabeni sesibili nesesithathu.
Inani le-erythrocyte mass sedimentation rate, kanye nezinye izivivinyo zelebhu, lingezinkomba ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuxilonga.
Le nqubo ivame ukwanda ezifweni eziningi, futhi imvelaphi yazo ingahluka kakhulu.
Isimo salesi sikhombisi sincike ezintweni ezahlukahlukene, okuyinhloko okuyiyo yobudala nobudala bomuntu. Ezinganeni ezincane, i-ESR ingu-1 noma 2 mm / ihora. Lokhu kufakwa kwi-hematocrit ephezulu, ukuqina kwamaprotheni, ikakhulukazi, ingxenyana yayo ye-globulin, hypercholesterolemia, acidosis. Ezinganeni esezikhulile, ukudlubulunda kulinganiswe ngandlela-thile futhi kufinyelela ku-1-8 mm / h, okulingana cishe nokujwayelekile komuntu omdala.
Kwabesilisa, isilinganiso ngu-0,5 mm / ihora.
Okujwayelekile kwabesifazane ngu 2-15 mm / ihora. Amanani anhlobonhlobo anjalo abangelwa ithonya lama-androgen amahomoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zokuphila, i-ESR kwabesifazane ingashintsha. Ukukhula kuyinto ebonakala kwabanciphisi bokukhulelwa abangu-2.
Ifinyelela ezingeni eliphakeme ngesikhathi sokuzalwa (kuze kufike ku-55 mm / h, okubhekwa njengejwayelekile ngokuphelele).
Izinga eliphakeme lokudlubha libonakala yazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo kanye nezinguquko emzimbeni.
Ukutholakala kwesibalo esithile kutholakele, kusetshenziswa lapho udokotela angakwazi ukubona khona indlela yokucinga ngalesi sifo. Ezimweni ezingama-40%, imbangela yokwanda kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo. Ezimweni ezingama-23%, i-ESR ekhuphukayo ikhombisa ubukhona bezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-tumor esigulini. Ukwanda okungama-20% kukhombisa ukuba khona kwezifo ezinamathambo noma ukudakwa komzimba.
Ukusikhomba kahle futhi ngokunembile lesi sifo esidale ushintsho ku-ESR, kumele kubhekwe zonke izimbangela:
- Ukuba khona kwezifo ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni womuntu. Kungaba ukutheleleka ngegciwane, umkhuhlane, i-cystitis, inyumoniya, ihepatitis, i-bronchitis. Bafaka isandla ekukhutshweni kwezinto ezikhethekile egazini ezithinta ulwelwesi lwekhwalithi nekhwalithi ye-plasma;
- Ukuthuthukiswa kokuvuvukala kwe-purulent kwandisa isilinganiso. Ngokuvamile, ama-pathologies anjalo angatholakala ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwegazi. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokunambitha, amathumba, amathumba ama-pancreas angatholakala kalula;
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-neoplasms emzimbeni, izifo ze-oncological zithinta ukwanda kwesilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation;
- Ukuba khona kwezifo ze-autoimmune kuholela ezinguquko ku-plasma. Lokhu kuba yisizathu sokuthi ilahlekelwe ezinye izakhiwo bese iba ngaphansi;
- I-Pathology yezinso nezitho zohlelo lokuchama;
- Ubuthi obuthi ubuthi bomzimba ngokudla, ukudakwa ngenxa yokutheleleka kwamathumbu, okuhambisana nokugabha nohudo;
- Izifo ezahlukahlukene zegazi;
- Izifo lapho i-izic necrosis ibonwa khona (ukushaya kwenhliziyo, isifo sofuba) kuholela kwi-ESR ephezulu esikhathini esithile ngemuva kokubhujiswa kweseli.
Izici ezilandelayo zingathinta nezinga lokudilizwa: i-ESR esheshayo ibonwa ngezindlela ezithile zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo, i-cholesterol ephakeme kanye nokukhuluphala, ukunciphisa isisindo ngokuzumayo, i-anemia, isimo se-hangover; isilinganiso sedimentation sehla lapho kukhona izici zofuzo zesakhiwo samaseli, ukusetshenziswa kwama-analgesics angewona ama-steroidal, ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic.
I-cholesterol ephakanyisiwe ingakhombisa ubukhona bama-cholesterol plaque ohlelweni lokujikeleza komuntu. Lokhu kuholela ekuthuthukiseni i-atherosclerosis, okuthi nayo ibe nomthelela ekwandeni kwezifo zenhliziyo. Ukungezelela ngokwengeziwe egazini lomuntu kungakhombisa nokuthi kukhona ukwephulwa ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Ezigulini ezine-angina pectoris noma i-myocardial infarction, evame ukubangelwa yi-cholesterol ephakeme, i-ESR isetshenziswa njengesikhombi esengeziwe sesifo senhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukubheka ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-cholesterol ephezulu ne-ESR.
Isikhombi sesilinganiso sedimentation sisetshenziswa lapho kudingeka ukuthola i-endocarditis. I-Endocarditis yisifo senhliziyo esithathelanayo esikhula engxenyeni yaso yangaphakathi. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-endocarditis kwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokunyakaza kwamagciwane noma amagciwane asuka ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba ngegazi kuye enhliziyweni. Uma isiguli singafaki ukubaluleka kwezimpawu isikhathi eside futhi singazinaki, lesi sifo singathinta kabi ukusebenza kwezinhliziyo zenhliziyo futhi siholele ezinkingeni ezisongela impilo. Ukwenza ukuxilongwa kwe- “endocarditis,” udokotela ofanele kufanele anikeze ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Lesi sifo sibonisa hhayi kuphela ngeleveli ephezulu ye-ESR, kodwa futhi nangokubalwa okuncishisiwe kweplathiyamu ku-plasma. Umlingani ovame ukuhlangana nesifo sikashukela yi-anemia I-endocarditis ye-bacterial acute iyakwazi ukukhuphula izinga le-erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Inkomba ikhuphuka kaningana, uma iqhathaniswa nokujwayelekile, ifinyelela kuma-75 mm ngehora.
Amazinga okuhlanza ayabhekwa lapho kutholakala ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okuguquguqukayo. I-Pathology yisifo esingamahlalakhona futhi esithuthukayo esithinta izicubu zenhliziyo futhi siphazamisa ukusebenza kwayo okujwayelekile. Umehluko phakathi kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo okujwayelekile noma okujwayelekile ukuthi ngawo kuqoqwa uketshezi oluzungeze inhliziyo. Ukuxilongwa kwe-pathology enjalo kufaka phakathi ukwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nokutadisha idatha yokuhlolwa kwegazi.
Ngokuphathwa kwe-myocardial nesifo sikashukela, i-ESR izohlala iphakeme kunokujwayelekile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umoya-mpilo ngemithambo uhanjiswa enhliziyweni. Uma omunye wale mithambo yegazi uvinjiwe, ingxenye yenhliziyo incishwa umoya-mpilo. Lokhu kuholela esimweni esibizwa nge- "myocardial ischemia", okuyinqubo yokuvuvukala. Uma kuqhubeka isikhathi eside, izicubu zenhliziyo ziqala ukufa nokufa. Ngokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, i-ESR ingafinyelela amanani aphezulu - aze afike ku-70 mm / ihora nangemva kwesonto. Njengakwezinye izifo zenhliziyo, ukuxilongwa kweprofayili ye-lipid kuzokhombisa ukwanda okukhulu kwe-cholesterol yegazi, ikakhulukazi ama-lipoprotein aphansi kanye ne-triglycerides, kanye nokwenyuka kwezinga lokuxineka.
Ukwanda okukhulu kwesilinganiso se-sedimentation kubhekwa ngokumelene nesizinda se-pericarditis eyingozi. Lesi sifo ukuvuvukala kwe-pericardium. Kubonakala ngokuqala okukhulu futhi kungazelelwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhi zegazi ezinjenge-fibrin, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi namaseli amhlophe egazi ayakwazi ukungena esifundeni se-pericardial. Ngalesi sifo, kunokwanda kwe-ESR (ngaphezulu kuka-70 mm / h) kanye nokwanda kokuxineka kwe-urea egazini, okuwumphumela wehluleki lwezinso.
I-Sedimentation rate yenyuka kakhulu lapho kukhona i-aneurysm ye-thoracic noma isisu sesisu. Kanye namanani aphezulu we-ESR (ngenhla kuka-70 mm / ihora), ngale ndlela, kutholakala umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye nesimo esibizwa “ngegazi elinzima”.
Njengoba umzimba womuntu uyisimiso esiphelele nesihlanganisiwe, zonke izitho zayo nemisebenzi eyenziwa yizo iyaxhumana. Ngokuphazamiseka emgudwini we-lipid, izifo zivame ukuvela, eziphawuleka ngezinguquko ezilinganisweni ze-erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
Yini izazi ze-ESR ezizotshela kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
