I-Atherossteosis inqubo yokugula okuholela ekugobhozeni kwegazi okungenampilo kanye noshintsho esimweni semithambo yegazi. Le nto yenzeka ngenxa yokulimala kwama-metabolism emzimbeni kanye nokwakheka kwezigcawu zamathambo emithanjeni yemithambo yegazi.
I-Cardiology ayisichazi njengesifo esivele ngokuzimela. Lesi yisifo, esihambisana nokunye ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo nenhliziyo. Ngokuvamile, imithambo ye-popliteal, femoral, coronary, ne-tibial ihlushwa yiwo. Enye yezinto ezibalulekile ezingadala lesi sifo izinga elikhulayo lama-lipoprotein egazini.
I-cholesterol iyodwa ayikwazi ukuthuthwa ngemithambo, ngakho-ke, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zomxube emzimbeni ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-lipoprotein.
Egazini, zinhlobo ezimbili:
- I-Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL). Ekugxileni okujwayelekile, banegalelo ezinqubweni eziningi eziwusizo, kepha inani labo ngokweqile liyingozi kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu, ngoba kuholela ekwakhekeni kwama-plaque kanye nokuvela kwe-atherossteosis.
- Ama-lipoprotein aphezulu we-density ayakwazi ukuthinta kahle wonke amasistimu womzimba. Ukuphakama kwabo kugxile egazini, kungcono.
Ngokusebenza okujwayelekile komzimba, ukulingana kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili ze-cholesterol kubalulekile. Uma i-cholesterol "embi" idlula esejwayelekile, izinqubo ze-pathological zenzeka ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa.
I-atherossteosis iba nezimo eziningi kumuntu ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke, kaningi lesi sifo sitholakala ngezigaba ezithuthukile. Ukuze uvikele lokhu kungenzeki, udinga ukuya njalo esivivinyweni futhi ubheke impilo yakho.
Lapho isigaba sithuthuka kakhulu, kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe ukwelashwa futhi kube lula amathuba okuba nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene.
Ukwelapha kufaka indlela ehlanganisiwe, kuhlinzeka ngenguquko ephelele yendlela yokuphila kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithi.
Kunemikhombandlela eminingi ekhethekile yomtholampilo okufanele ilandelwe kuyo yonke inkambo yokwelashwa.
Izincomo zomtholampilo ze-atherossteosis zifaka izinkomba ezihlukile lapho umphumela wokwelashwa okugcwele uzoncika khona.
Akusikho ukutusa okukodwa okwenziwa ngudokotela wezinhliziyo okufanele kunganakwa.
Ukuze ugweme imiphumela emibi yesifo, udinga ukuthola ukuthi yini i-provocateur yayo.
Okokuqala, umuntu angafaka eceleni isici sokuqala kwesifo ngokwakhe.
Phakathi kwezizathu kukhona izinto zemvelo ezibalulekile ekwenzekeni kwe-pathology.
Ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala. I-Alcohol kunoma yiliphi inani inethonya elibi enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwayo njalo kunciphisa ukuqina kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi, futhi kuthinte nomsipha wenhliziyo.
- Ukubhema kungathinta hhayi kuphela ukukhula kwe-pathology efana ne-atherosulinosis, kodwa futhi kungandisa izici zobungozi zezifo ezibulalayo ezingeyona ingozi. Ngakho-ke, ukulahla lo mkhuba omubi, umuntu wehlisa amathuba okuba nesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ngama-80%.
- Ukudla ngokweqile ukudla okulimazayo okuphezulu emafutheni ezilwane.
- Umlutha wozalo. Uma izihlobo ezisondelene nomuntu zinenkinga ye-atherossteosis, noma i-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi, kufanele zihlolwe kaningi futhi zingabeki eceleni izinto ezingaba yingozi empilweni.
- Ukuba khona kwesisindo esithe xaxa kuhambisana nokunye ukonakala okuvusa i-atherosulinosis, noma izinkinga ezifanayo.
- Ukuba khona komlando we-arterial hypertension, noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme kunoma yikuphi ukubonakaliswa.
Okungenani isici esisodwa kufanele sibangele ushintsho kwimikhuba nasekuhlolwa njalo emtholampilo we-cardiology.
Esikhathini esiningi, ukuze i-atherossteosis yenzeke, kumele ube nezizathu okungenani ezimbalwa. Ukuze usizo lunikezwe ngesikhathi esifanele, kufanele wazi ukuthi iziphi izimpawu ezingenakunakwa.
Yize lesi sifo sidlula singanakwa, esigabeni sokugcina ungabona izimpawu ezijwayelekile:
- ukukhanda njalo;
- ukuzindla kwenhliziyo;
- i-lameness;
- usizi emilenzeni;
- Isiyezi
- isicanucanu
- ukuhlanza
- ukuphefumula
- ukukhuphuka kokujuluka;
- ingcindezi engapheli;
- isifo senhliziyo;
- Ubuhlungu esifubeni;
Lezi zimpawu zivame kakhulu ezinhlotsheni eziningi ze-atherosulinosis. Isibonelo, ukwehla kwe-atherosclerosis yamaphethelo aphansi kubonakaliswa ubunzima bokuhamba, ubukhulu. Imvamisa ilunga elilodwa liyashwibeka, isikhumba sishintshe umbala. Kunzima kumuntu ukuhamba amabanga amade, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ibanga liyancipha kuphela. Lokhu kuhlobene ngqo nokukhula kwama-cholesterol plaques kanye nokuvela kwesifo se-ischemic.
I-atherossteosis obliterans ingakhula kubantu abaneminyaka ehlukile.
Ukunconywa kwemitholampilo kubandakanya izindlela zokwelapha ezingezona izidakamizwa nezidakamizwa.
Lapho wenza ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo, umuntu kufanele abambelele ngokuqinile kwizincomo zikadokotela oya khona.
Izindlela zokwelapha ezingezona izidakamizwa zifaka lokhu okulandelayo: ukulandela ukudla okhethekile kwe-cholesterol ephezulu, ukukhulisa ukusebenza komzimba, ukuguqula isisindo, nokuyeka imikhuba emibi.
Lapho ulandela ukudla, isiguli kufanele silandele leyo migomo:
- okuhlukahlukene ekudleni;
- imenyu kufanele isize ekulinganiseni isisindo sesiguli;
- ukukhuphuka kokusetshenziswa kwezithelo nemifino emisha;
- ukwenqatshwa kwe-confectionery; ungasebenzisa kuphela isinkwa sokusanhlamvu
- ukukhuphuka kwenani lemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi kwimenyu;
- ukungeza kumenyu yansuku zonke i-Omega-3;
- inani lamafutha akufanele lidlule kuma-30% kokudla okuphelele;
Kwezinye izimo, udinga ukubonisana nochwepheshe emkhakheni wezempilo. Ikakhulu ikakhulukazi, i-lipid metabolism ephazamisekile ibonwa kubantu abanesisindo somzimba esandisiwe. Ngakho-ke, i-normalization yesisindo nayo ifakiwe ekwelashweni okujwayelekile, okuzoba nomthelela ekuthambekeni kwemvelo kwama-lipids kanye nokujwayelekile kokulingana kwezinhlobo zazo.
Ukulungiswa kwesisindo kuyadingeka futhi ukuvikela izinkinga ezingathinta isimo sohlelo lwethambo nenhliziyo.
Lo mphumela ungatholakala ngokunamathela ekudleni okukhethekile, okuthuthukiswa ngokubheka izici zomzimba womuntu kanye nenkambo yesifo.
Ukuthola umphumela, udinga ukususa okungenani isisindo esingu-10%. Futhi, zonke iziguli ezihlushwa ukugula okuvela kuzo uhlelo lwe-vascular, kudingeka zikhuphule ukusebenza komzimba. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kufanele kucabangele ubudala kanye namandla esiguli.
Kuyelulekwa ukwandisa umthwalo kancane kancane. Abantu abangahlushwa yisifo senhliziyo banganikezwa ezemidlalo engcono kakhulu. Umbuso wemithwalo kumele uvumelane nochwepheshe.
Futhi, ukunqamuka kokubhema kufakwe nasenkimbini yezokwelapha.
Uchwepheshe kufanele aqinisekise isiguli ukuthi siyeke ukubhema sisebenzisa i-algorithm elandelayo:
- Ukubuza ngokubhema.
- Ukuhlolwa kwesigaba somkhuba kanye nokulungela isiguli ukusilahla.
- Izimpikiswano zokuyeka lo mkhuba.
- Usizo olukhethekile kulokhu, kufaka nezindlela zokwelapha izidakamizwa.
- Ukuqashwa kwesineke okwengeziwe kulokhu.
Okunye ukulinganisa okugunyaziwe ukwenqaba utshwala.
Izincomo zaseRussia zokwelashwa kwe-atherossteosis zifaka ukusetshenziswa okuphoqelekile kwemithi ekhethekile. Bafaka isandla ekuthini kube ngokwejwayelekile kwazo zonke izinqubo emzimbeni womuntu kanye nokulawulwa kokudla okunamafutha.
Umthamo nendlela yokuphatha inqunywa kuphela ngudokotela ohambelayo. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukwelashwa okunjalo kunqunyelwe uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kwezindlela ezingezona izidakamizwa kanye nabantu abasengozini enkulu yezinkinga.
Izidakamizwa kufanele zithathwe kuphela zihlanganiswa nezinye izindlela zokwelapha lesi sifo.
Odokotela batusa ukusebenzisa i-atherosulinosis:
- GMK-CoA enzyme inhibitors (ama-statins);
- abokulandelana kwama-bile acid (ama-resins);
- i-nicotinic acid;
- i-fibroic acid derivatives;
- cholesterol ukumunca inhibitor.
Amanani asiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol egazini lomuntu. Ngaphezu kwemiphumela enciphisa i-lipid, bathuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-endothelium. Umthamo nendlela yokufaka isicelo kufanele ichazwe kuphela uchwepheshe ofanele, ngokuya ngesimo sempilo yabantu. Imiphumela emibi yokuthatha leli qembu lezidakamizwa ifaka ukuqunjelwa, ukuthopha, kwesinye isikhathi isicanucanu. Ngokuyisisekelo, izidakamizwa zibekezelelwa kahle umzimba. Uma kwenzeka lesi senzo, kufanele ushintshe umthamo.
Kulungiselelwe iziguli ezineminyaka engaphezulu kwengama-30 ngokulandelana. Ukugwema izinkinga ze-coronary, yilezi zidakamizwa ezakhombisa ukusebenza kwazo ngempumelelo. Ukuqokwa kwezimali ezithile kufanele kwenziwe ngudokotela kuphela. Imiphumela emibi ifaka phakathi i-dyspepsia, i-indigestion. Kaningi, iziguli zenqaba ukuzithatha ngenxa yokunambitheka okungathandeki. Imithi ejwayele ukwelashwa enomphumela ofanayo wokudluliselwa okungcono kwezokwelapha futhi uvikele ukungaphatheki kahle.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-fiber kuyaphikiswa umphumela omuhle esibindini, okuyisitho esiyinhloko sokukhiqiza i-cholesterol. Ngenxa yezinqubo ezithile, ukugxilisa ingqondo kwabo kukhulisa ukugcwala kwamazinga aphezulu we-lipoprotein. Zinqunyelwe ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezixubile zehyperlipidemia.
Esikhathini esiningi, le mishanguzo ibekezelelwa kahle yiziguli, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kuba nezimo zokuqunjelwa, ukuthopha, ikhanda nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ama-fibrate angathinta isimo se-bile.
Ukulimala kwe-lipid metabolism kungenye yezinto eziphambili ekwakhiweni kwezifo ze-vascular and inhliziyo.
Ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kwe-lipid metabolism ukuze kuvinjelwe futhi kwelashwe isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi kufanele kube yinto eza kuqala, ngoba ngale ndlela kuzokwazi ukugwema izinkinga zesifo, esivame ukubulala.
Ikakhulu ikakhulukazi ihlushwa yi-cerebral atherossteosis. Alikho icala elilodwa lomtholampilo elabulala ngokufinyelela ngesikhathi kuchwepheshe. Ukuvimbela nakho kuyisici esikhulu emikhunjini enempilo.
Enye yezinto ezidlulayo ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha acid polyunsaturated. I-Omega-3 isetshenziselwa ukwenza umzimba ube namafutha emzimbeni.
Ensimini ye-Russian Federation, i-Omacor yezidakamizwa, equkethe le nto, ibhaliswa ngokusemthethweni.
Ucwaningo luveza ukuthi ukusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa njalo kunciphisa izinga lama-triglycerides egazini ngamaphesenti angama-50. Ngokusho kwesivumelwano, ezinye izinto ezinokuqukethwe okufanayo azikhuthazwa ukuba zithathwe ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuphathwa kwenani elifanelekile, isifundo esijulile sokusebenzisana nezinye izidakamizwa zokwelapha. Yilezi zinto ezokwehlisa i-cholesterol futhi zisize ukuvikela ukuvela kwezifo zenhliziyo ezi-coronary. Ukuqokwa kwe-Omega-3 kwenzeka njalo ngokusetshenziswa kweminye imishanguzo kanye nokwelashwa okungeyona yezidakamizwa, kubandakanya nezindlela zemithi yendabuko.
I-Atherossteosis ichazwa kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
