Ukulimala kwe-lipid metabolism kuyinkinga kubantu abaningi. Ngezinga elikhulayo le-cholesterol egazini, umsebenzi wezitho eziningi nezinhlelo ukhungathekile. Ikakhulu, i-hypercholesterolemia iyingozi enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi.
Ngokuhlukunyezwa kokudla okulimazayo nokunamafutha, indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi kanye nokungabikho kokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, i-cholesterol ephezulu egazini kuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-atherossteosis. Ngalesi sifo, utshwala obunamafutha bunqwabelana ezindongeni zemikhumbi, okunciphisa ukukhanyisela kwabo, okunomthelela ekutholakaleni kokushaywa unhlangothi noma isifo senhliziyo.
Indlela eholayo yokulungisa i-dyslipidemia ukwelashwa kokudla. Umgomo wayo oyinhloko ukusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe kokudla okunamafutha okuvela ezilwaneni. Kulokhu, abantu abaningi banombuzo: yiziphi izinhlobo zenyama engingazidla nge-lipid metabolism disorder futhi iwundlu livunyelwe yini nge-cholesterol ephezulu?
Ukwakheka nezakhiwo eziwusizo zewundlu
IWundlu libizwa ngokuthi inyama yezimvu. Ekuphekeni, inyama yezinkomo ezincane, engaphansi kweminyaka emi-2, ebidla utshani bokusanhlamvu namabele, ibaluleke kakhulu. Kungumkhiqizo onjalo oqukethe inani eliphakeme lezakhamzimba, futhi linambitha ithambile futhi lithambile.
IWundlu libhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo eziwusizo kakhulu zenyama, ngoba liqukethe inani lamaminerali kanye namavithamini. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kukuvumela ukuthi udle umkhiqizo cishe noma ibuphi ubudala, inqobo nje uma kungekho okuphikisana nokusetshenziswa kwawo.
Inzuzo yewundlu ukuthi iqukethe i-fluoride, eqinisa amathambo namazinyo. Lolu hlobo lwenyama luqukethe amafutha angenazikhathi ezi-3 kunomkhiqizo yengulube.
IWundlu linayo futhi i-30% ngaphezulu kwe-iron kunengulube. Le microelement ilusizo ekwakhekeni kwegazi. Kudingeka kakhulu ukopha okushubile, i-anemia nokuya esikhathini.
Iwundlu liqukethe ezinye izinto ezibalulekile:
- iodine - ithuthukisa indlala yegilo;
- I-folic acid - edingekayo ukukhula, ukuthuthukiswa kwamasosha omzimba nokujikeleza kwegazi.
- i-zinc - ibandakanyeka ekwenziweni kwama-hormone, kufaka phakathi i-insulin;
- isibabule - esidingekayo ekwakhekeni kwamaprotheni, siyingxenye yama-amino acid;
- i-magnesium - isekela ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, izinzwa, ukugaya, amasistimu we-vascular, into leyo ivuselela amathumbu, okuthi ngenxa yalokho kukhululwe i-cholesterol emzimbeni;
- potassium ne-sodium - ngokwejwayelekile amanzi, ibhalansi ye-acid-base, izicubu kudingeka zinciphise, ziqinise uhlelo lwenhliziyo.
Amafutha enyama nenyama kungenzeka aqukethe i-lecithin. Le nto inciphisa amathuba okuba nesifo sikashukela, ngoba ivusa amanyikwe.
ILecithin nayo inomphumela obulala amagciwane, isusa i-cholesterol eyingozi egazini. Kungakho abantu abahlala bedla i-attonosherosis ye-mutton mancane amathuba okuthi bakhule, futhi isikhathi sabo sokuphila siphakeme kunalabo abadla ingulube.
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-60% kwamafutha angama-monounsaturated nama-polyunsaturated acid acid u-Omega 6 no-Omega 3 ezimweni .. Izimo zingalehlisa izinga le-triglycerides esegazini, ngenxa yokuthi isilinganiso se-cholesterol eyingozi nesebenzayo senziwajwayelekile. Amafutha futhi aqinisa imithambo yegazi futhi avimbele ukwakheka kwama-cholesterol plaque.
Iningi lezinto ezizuzisayo ezakha iwundlu zitholakala emathanjeni emisipha, emafutheni nakwezicubu ezithintekayo. I-100 g yenyama iqukethe kusuka ku-260 kuya ku-320 kcal. Inani lokudla komkhiqizo:
- amafutha - 15.5 g;
- amaprotheni - 16,5 g;
- amanzi - 67,5 g;
- umlotha - 0,8 g.
Kungenzeka yini ukudla iwundlu nge-cholesterol ephezulu
I-cholesterol utshwala obunemvelo obunamafutha. Ama-80% ento ekhiqizwa ngumzimba futhi angama-20% kuphela angena kuwo ngokudla. I-cholesterol iyingxenye yamaseli, ivikela amangqamuzana egazi abomvu emiphumeleni enobuthi, iyabandakanyeka ekwenziweni kwama-hormone namavithamini D.
Egazini, i-cholesterol itholakala ngendlela yama-lipoprotein. Izakhi eziyinkimbinkimbi zinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.
Ama-lipoprotein we-density low has a nomthelela omubi emithanjeni yegazi nenhliziyo. Lapho inani labo emzimbeni lidlula okujwayelekile, khona-ke i-LDL iqongelela odongeni lwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kwakha ama-atherosclerotic plaque, angaholela ekuhlaseleni kwenhliziyo noma ekushayweni yisifo sohlangothi.
Ama-cholesterol amaningi atholakala emikhiqizweni yezilwane. Akunabo utshwala obunamafutha nhlobo ekudleni kwezitshalo.
I-cholesterol, efakwa ngokudla, ifakwa egazini evela emathunjini. Ngemuva kokungena esibindini, okufaka inani elithile lento ukubuyisela ukuqina kwayo egazini.
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi iwundlu lingadliwa yini, umuntu kufanele aqonde izinhlobo zamafutha. Zigcwalisiwe futhi azigcini. Lesi sici sithinta ukunqwabelana kwe-cholesterol embi.
Amafutha agcinwe anomthelela ekwakhekeni kwama-atherosclerotic plaque. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nekhalori ephezulu, ukudla okunamafutha okugcwele ngamafutha angagcwalisiwe kungahle kungathinti amazinga we-cholesterol nakancane.
Ngakho-ke, nge-hypercholesterolemia, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa umkhawulo wokudla kwamafutha ezilwane agcwele inyama. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi umuntu kufanele ayilahle ngokuphelele inyama, ngoba inenani eliphakeme lokudla komzimba futhi igcwalisa umzimba ngamaprotheni, amavithamini eqembu B nama-microelements.
Ukuqoqwa kwe-cholesterol enyameni kuya ngohlobo lwayo:
- inyama yenkomo - 80 mg;
- inkukhu - 40 mg;
- ingulube - 70 mg;
- i-turkey - 40 mg.
I-cholesterol yemvu nayo itholakala ngenani lama-73 mg ngamagremu ayi-100. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlaziya okuningi kwamakhemikhali kukhombisa ukuthi ukuqoqwa kwento kulolu hlobo lwenyama kuncane. Ososayensi banesiqiniseko sokuthi inani le-cholesterol kuwundlu liphansi amahlandla ama-2 kunenkomo, futhi liphindwe amahlandla amane kunengulube.
Kodwa ukuze ungalimazi umzimba, kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi kuze kube yi-250 mg ye-cholesterol ingadliwa ngosuku. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, cishe amagremu ayi-100 e-mutton avunyelwe ukudliwa ngosuku.
Ngokwehlukana, kufanele kushiwo ngomsila onamafutha. Amafutha ewundlu aqukethe i-cholesterol embi ngamanani amakhulu. Ku-100 g yomkhiqizo, cishe i-100 mg ye-cholesterol. Amafutha enyama aqukethe inani elilinganayo lotshwala obunamafutha, namafutha engulube - 10 mg ngaphezulu.
Ngakho-ke, labo abanamazinga aphezulu we-LDL egazini, kuyenqatshelwe ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo enjalo.
Lokhu ngeke kwengeze i-cholesterol kuphela, kepha futhi kuzoholela ekwehlulekeni kwe-metabolism yamafutha, ukufaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni i-atherosclerosis kanye nokuthola isisindo.
Ukulimala kwewundlu empilweni
Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi inyama yezimvu ingakhuphula izinga le-LDL emzimbeni, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwezinye izimo kunomthelela omubi emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, ukudla i-mutton ejwayelekile ekukhuleni kukhulisa amathuba okuba nesifo samathambo, okubangelwa ngamagciwane asemithanjeni.
Iningi le-cholesterol litholakala emabeleni nakuma-sternum. Uma uhlala uzidla, lapho-ke nengozi yokukhuluphala ne-sclerosis iyanda.
Inani le-lipids ku-mutton liphezulu kakhulu. Ukwedlula kwabo emzimbeni womuntu kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Njengoba lolu hlobo lwenyama luthinta kabi ukugaya, kuyadingeka ukushiya ukusetshenziswa kwalo nge-acidity ekhuphukile yesisu kanye ne-peptic ulcer.
Okunye ukwephulwa okwenqabela ukudla inyama yezimvu:
- i-arterial hypertension;
- isifo sokuqina kwemizwa;
- ukuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo noma isifo senhliziyo;
- isifo sezinso
- gout
- ukuphazamiseka kwesibindi;
- Izinkinga zenyongo.
Ukuze ungalimazi umzimba, ekuphekeni kufanele ukhethe izingxenye ezingenamafutha kakhulu zenyama ngaphandle kwesikhumba. Kunconywa ukuyipheka ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo - ukupheka, ukugoba, ukubhaka, ukwelashwa kwesifutho.
Udinga ukudla isidlo ngezingxenye ezincane ekuseni. Njengesitsha esisehlangothini, kungcono ukhethe imifino namakhambi.
Njengoba iwundlu liqukethe i-cholesterol encane kunezinye izinhlobo zenyama, ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngenani elinqunyelwe ayivunyelwe ku-atherossteosis nesifo sikashukela. Kuyafakazelwa ukuthi lo mkhiqizo uthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamanyikwe, okungavimbela ukuqhubeka kwesifo futhi kunciphise amathuba ezinkinga.
Izici eziwusizo nezilimazayo zewundlu zichazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
