Ngokusho kwe-WHO, imbangela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokufa phakathi kwabantu yisifo senhliziyo. Futhi into eholayo eholela ekufeni yizinga elikhulayo le-cholesterol egazini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hypercholesterolemia ivame ukutholakala emadodeni. Emncane, utshwala obunamafutha ngokweqile, obutholakala emikhiqizweni engeyona ewusizo, ayilimazi kakhulu impilo, ngoba umzimba oqinile ungalawula ngokuzimela izinga le-LDL ne-HDL.
Kepha esimweni sokuguga, lapho umzimba uphela, umsebenzi wenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi uyaphazamiseka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi simo sibhebhetheka yindlela yokuphila engasebenzi, imikhuba emibi nokungondleki.
Ngakho-ke, amadoda, ikakhulukazi lawo anesifo sikashukela, kufanele aqaphe ngokudla kwawo. Futhi ngamazinga aphezulu we-cholesterol, kufanele ulandele njalo ukudla, ngenxa yokuthi ungafinyelela ukwehla kwe-LDL ngo-10-15%.
Imvelo ye-cholesterol nezizathu zokwanda kwayo
Umzimba udinga i-cholesterol ukufeza izinqubo eziningi. Ngosizo lwayo, uhlelo lokujikeleza luyabuyekezwa, isizinda se-hormonal senziwejwayelekile.
Abesilisa badinga le nto ukukhiqiza i-testosterone. Kepha uma isibonakaliso se-cholesterol siphezulu kakhulu, ukuphuma kwegazi kuzokonakala, bese amafomu ama-atherosulinotic plaque asemithanjeni yemithambo yegazi. Konke lokhu kusithinta kabi uhlelo lwenhliziyo.
Ebudodeni, isizathu esikhulu sokwandisa i-cholesterol ukuhlukunyezwa kokudla okunamafutha okuvela kwimvelaphi yezilwane. Imikhuba emibi njengokubhema nokusebenzisa kabi utshwala inomthelela ekuqongeleleni kwezinto eziyingozi emzimbeni.
Ezinye izinto ezingakhulisa i-cholesterol embi yegazi:
- indlela yokuphila engasebenzi;
- i-hyperglycemia engapheli;
- i-hypothyroidism;
- ukukhuluphala
- ukuqina kwe-bile esibindini;
- ukutheleleka ngegciwane;
- umfutho wegazi ophakeme
- ukuvikeleka ngokweqile noma okunganele kwama-hormone athile.
Izinga le-cholesterol egazini emadodeni lincike eminyakeni yobudala. Ngakho-ke, kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20, ama-2.93-5.1 mmol / L athathwa njengezinkomba ezamukelekayo, aze afike eminyakeni engama-40 - 3.16-6.99 mmol / L.
Eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu ubudala, inani elivumelekile lotshwala obunamafutha lisukela ku-4.09-7.17 mmol / L, nakubantu abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 - 3.91-7.17 mmol / L.
Izici zokudla kwe-cholesterol
Ukudla nge-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi emadodeni kusho ukudla ukudla okuqukethe okungenani inani lamafutha ezilwane. Ukudla kwe-hypocholesterol kumiselwe iziguli ezinamanani we-cholesterol adlula i-200 mg / dl.
Ukudla okufanele kufanele kulandelwe okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha. Uma ngemuva kokwelashwa kokudla ukuqoqwa kotshwala obunamafutha egazini kuyehli, bese kunikezwa umuthi.
Ukudla i-cholesterol ephezulu emadodeni kususelwa ekudleni nsuku zonke kokudla okune-fiber, amavithamini, amaprotheni nezinto ze-lipotropic. Isisekelo semenyu ngamabele, izithelo nemifino. Inyama ayidliwe akuphindwe kathathu ngesonto. Futhi ekuphekeni, kufanele usebenzise izinhlobo zokudla ezidinga ukuthungwa, ukubiliswa noma ukubhakwa.
Kuhle futhi ukuthi amadoda adle izinhlanzi ezibhakiwe. Kwiziphuzo, ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe itiye eliluhlaza kanye nejusi yemvelo.
Eminye imigomo ebalulekile yokudla kwe-hypercholesterolemia:
- Ukudla kwenziwa ngezingxenye ezincane njalo emahoreni angama-2-3.
- Kufika kuma-300 mg we-cholesterol evunyelwe ngosuku.
- Inani lamafutha ngosuku ngama-30%, okungama-10% kuphela okungaba yimvelaphi yezilwane.
- Ukudla amakhalori kukhethwa ngakunye, ngokuya ngeminyaka kanye nezinga lomsebenzi womzimba.
- Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa umkhawulo wokudla usawoti ukufika ku-5-10 g ngosuku.
Imikhiqizo Evinjelwe futhi evunyelwe
Nge-cholesterol ephezulu, kubalulekile ukulahla imikhiqizo eminingi, ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwemithambo yegazi. Ngakho-ke, udokotela angavimbela amadoda ukuthi adle izinhlobo ezinonile zenyama nenkukhu (iwundlu, ingulube, ihansi, idada). Ikakhulu i-cholesterol eningi itholakala emafutheni ezilwane, ezikhunjeni nasekwenziweni okufana nobuchopho, izinso nesibindi.
Nge-hypercholesterolemia, ubisi luphelele nemikhiqizo evela kulo, kufaka phakathi ukhilimu kanye nebhotela, kuyaphikiswa. Amaqanda weqanda, imayonnaise, imajarini, amasoseji kungakhuphula inani le-LDL.
Ngaphandle kokubaluleka kwezinhlanzi, odokotela bangakuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi ezithile ezinamafutha. Ngakho-ke, i-mackerel, i-carp, i-sardine, i-bream, i-shrimp, i-eel, futhi ikakhulukazi i-roe yezinhlanzi, ifakwa kwi-hypercholesterolemia.
Amadoda alandela ukudla kuyodingeka anikeze ukudla okusheshayo, inyama ebhemayo, ukhukhamba kanye nama-confectionery amaningi. Ukusetshenziswa kwekhofi neziphuzo ezimnandi zekhabhoni akukhuthaziwe.
Ukudla okulandelayo kwe-cholesterol ephezulu kungadliwa njalo:
- okusanhlamvu okuphelele (i-oatmeal, i-buckwheat, irayisi elinsundu, i-oats, i-bran, okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu);
- cishe zonke izinhlobo zamantongomane nembewu;
- imifino (iklabishi, isitshalo seqanda, utamatisi, ugalikhi, ikhukhamba, beet, isithombo, anyanisi);
- inyama ebambekayo (inkukhu, ifulegi le-turkey, unogwaja, i-veal);
- izithelo namajikijolo (izithelo zomawolintshi, i-apula, cranberries, amagilebhisi, i-apricot, ukwatapheya, amakhiwane);
- amakhowe (amakhowe e-oyster);
- inhlanzi nokudla kwasolwandle (igobolondo, itlout, i-tuna, i-hake, i-pollock, i-salmon epinki);
- imifino;
- izindle;
- imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha amancane.
Ukudla okungenzeka kweviki
In iningi labesilisa, igama elithi yokudla lihambisana nokusetshenziswa ejwayelekile izitsha okungenamsoco, monotonous. Kepha itafula lansuku zonke alikwazi nje kuphela ukuba libe nempilo, kepha linambitheke futhi lihlukahluka.
Ekuqaleni, ukunamathela ekudleni okufanele ngeke kube lula. Kepha kancane kancane umzimba uzojwayela, futhi ukondla isikhathi esithandathu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ungazizwa ulambile.
Inzuzo yokwelashwa kokudla kwe-cholesterol ephezulu ukuthi ayenzi nje kuphela ukuthi i-lipid metabolism, kodwa futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwawo wonke amasistimu nezitho zomzimba. Ngenxa yalokhu, ibhalansi ye-hormonal iyabuyiselwa, ukusebenza kwendlela yokugaya ukudla kuyanda, nenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi iba namandla futhi ibe namandla ngokuqina.
Ukwenza amamenyu nge-cholesterol ephezulu emadodeni kulula. Imenyu yeviki ingabukeka kanjena:
| Ibhulakufesi | Isidlo sasemini | Isidlo sasemini | Isidlakela | Ukudla kwakusihlwa | |
| UMsombuluko | Ushizi wamakhekhe noshizi osanda kufakwa | Amagilebhisi | Amazambane abilisiwe, isobho ngenyama enamafutha nemifino, i-compote yezithelo eyomile | Isithelo samagilebhisi | Curass casserole ngezithelo ezomile |
| NgoLwesibili | I-Oatmeal emanzini, i-apula eluhlaza | I-Low Fat Yogurt | Lenten borsch nobhontshisi nenhlanzi, isinkwa se-bran | Amajikijolo ambalwa ama-rose asendle | Ilayisi ngemifino bese ibilisiwe iNative American |
| NgoLwesithathu | Ushizi wekotishi onamafutha aphansi omisiwe, itiye | Amabhilikosi | Irayisi ebilisiwe, ibele lezinkukhu, isaladi ye-beet ebilisiwe, ayoliswe ngo-ukhilimu omuncu (10%) | Izithelo ezomile | Isobho elizwelayo ngo-ukhilimu omuncu onamafutha aphansi |
| Lwesine | Amaphrotheni omelet obisini (1%), imifino | I-yogog | I-veal eyosiwe, imifino eyosiwe | Ama-apula abhakisiwe noju, ushizi wekhotishi nezomisiwe. | Isitshulu semifino, ushizi onamafutha amancane |
| NgoLwesihlanu | Isinkwa sokudla okusanhlamvu okugcwele noju, itiye eliluhlaza | I-apula elibhakwe | Isobho seLentil, isinkwa esiphelele sokusanhlamvu | Izithelo berry jelly | Inhlanzi enezinkukhu, iklabishi elihanjelwe ngensimbi yepelepele kanye nezaqathi |
| NgoMgqibelo | Iphalishi le-Buckwheat nobisi lwe-skim, ubhontshisi wokusanhlamvu okuphelele | Amanye amabhisikidi netiye | Izimbotshana zenyama yenkomo ezihlanganisiwe, i-durum kakolweni pasta | Ingilazi yephesenti elilodwa kefir | Green Pea Puree, Inhlanzi Ebhakiwe |
| ISonto | Isikebhe sesinkwa se-rye nesithelo ujamu, itiye le-herbal | Noma yiluphi ujusi wemvelo | Inhlanzi ebomvu yenhlanzi, ubhontshisi oluhlaza okotshani kanye nekholifulawa | Tangerines | Isobho se-Cream ithanga, izaqathi kanye ne-zucchini, ushizi omncane wekotishi |
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga we-cholesterol awakhuphuki kakhulu, ukwelashwa kokudla kufanele kuxhaswe ngezemidlalo nokuhamba kwansuku zonke. Kufanele futhi uphuze amanzi anele (okungenani amalitha ayi-1.5 ngosuku) bese uzama ukugwema ukucindezela.
Ungayidla kanjani nge-cholesterol ephezulu ichazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
