Zonke izikhala zoshukela omhlophe zivame ukuhlukaniswa zibe izinto zokwenziwa nezemvelo. Amalungiselelo okuqala enziwa ahlanganiswa ngamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, owesibili - aqhamuka ezingxenyeni zemvelo yemvelo.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-sweeteners inani lamandla abo. Ezithaselweni zokwenziwa, okuvame okuqukethwe yi-zero kilojoule, akhishwa ngokuphelele emzimbeni. Imvelo ibamba iqhaza ezinqubweni ze-metabolic, ibe nezinga elihlukile lokuqukethwe kwekhalori.
Ngasikhathi sinye, izinto zemvelo ziba ngenye indlela enhle kashukela, azibangeli ukukhishwa kwe-insulin okusheshayo emgodini wegazi. Izilungiselelo ezijulile zoshukela elicwengiweyo zingaba zinoshukela kunoshukela, okunomthelela ekusebenziseni kwazo ngamanani amancane. Okulandelayo ukuhlukaniswa koshukela.
Uhlaka
Le sweetener itholakala ngobuningi obukhulu kuju, eminye imifino nezithelo. Uma kuqhathaniswa noshukela, ubumnandi be-fructose bungama-1,1-1,8 izikhathi, kanti okuqukethwe ikhalori kucishe kufane. Ngenxa yobumnandi bokubambela, uzodinga ukuthatha kancane kunoshukela ocolisisiwe.
Ngamanani amancane, i-fructose ingahle ibekhona ekudleni koshukela, ngoba inenkomba ye-glycemic ephansi yamaphuzu ayi-19. Umkhiqizo awubeki ukugxuma okubukhali ku-glycemia, okwandisa izimpawu zesifo sikashukela.
Uvame ukuzwa ukuthi i-fructose ibangela ukukhuluphala kwesisindo. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi i-sweetener ithatha indawo yama-carbohydrate asele, kepha isisindo nokuxineka kwama-triglycerides akusathinteki. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanani amakhulu we-fructose, ushukela noma ama-carbohydrate angenalutho kubangela ukwanda okulinganayo kwama-lipids esibindini. Ukweqisa kwe-fructose kunciphisa ukumelana ne-insulin ye-hormone.
Umuntu onesifo sikashukela uvunyelwe ukungadli ama-gramu angama-30-45 we-sweetener ngosuku, ngenkathi ebuka umsebenzi ojwayelekile womzimba. Inzuzo ye-fructose ekulimaleni ngokuphelele empilweni, it:
- ilungele iziguli zanoma ibuphi ubudala;
- kugcizelela kahle ukunambitheka kwemikhiqizo;
- akubangeli ukusabela komzimba.
Amandla wokufaka esikhundleni se-fructose elicwengekile kufanele achazwe yisifo sikashukela esimweni ngasinye.
Kwezinye iziguli ezine-carbohydrate metabolism disorder, i-endocrinologist izokweluleka ezinye izinketho ze-sweetener.
ISorbitol, i-Erythritol
Enye indawo enhle engokwemvelo ephephile ushukela omhlophe yi-sorbitol. Kutholakala emlotheni osentabeni, ama-aphula, ama-apricots nezinye izinhlobo zezithelo. I-Sorbitol akuyona i-carbohydrate, kuthiwa yizihlahla ezinama-hexatomic alcohols. Ukuze into idakwe kahle, i-insulin ayidingeki.
I-sweetener imnandi ngxenye kunoshukela omhlophe; okuqukethwe ikhalori komkhiqizo kungama-2,4 kilocalories gram ngayinye. Emini, isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sivunyelwe ukudla okungenani i-15 g ye-sorbitol, inani eliphakeme liyi-40 g.
I-Erythritol nayo izosizakala. Ubuhle bomkhiqizo butholakala kumthelela wokuxhuma emzimbeni (kuphela ngokusetshenziswa ngokweqile). Amakristalu e-Sweetener axazululeka kakhulu ku-ketshezi, akunamakha futhi abukeka kakhulu ushukela.
Yini izakhiwo eziphambili ze-erythritol:
- okuqukethwe kwekhalori kwesengezo sokudla kuncane, kulingana no-zero;
- into ayivuseli ukuthuthukiswa kwama-caries;
- ngokuya ubumnandi, cishe bubalelwa kuma-70% kunoshukela ocolisisiwe.
Lokhu kwehlukanisa kahle kakhulu ne-sorbitol, enemiphumela engathandeki .. I-Erythritol iya ngokuya ihlanganiswa ne-stevia, ngoba isiza ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka okuqondile kotshani bezinyosi.
UStevia
UStevia ungene esikhundleni sezindawo ezinoshukela eziphezulu, kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe nokudla kweDucane, kuyasiza ukwehlisa isisindo. Umkhiqizo yiwona ongenabungozi kakhulu, unezelwa empahleni ebhakwe, iziphuzo nophudingi. Esikhundleni soshukela asesabi ukuvezwa amazinga okushisa aphakeme; lapho sishiswa, akuphulukani nezinto zayo ezizuzisayo nobumnandi.
Ukudinwa kuba yinto engahambi kahle kwe-stevioside, kepha abakhiqizi abanomthwalo wemfanelo bafundile ukubhekana nale nkinga. Inani lempahla elivumelekile ngosuku ngu-4 mg ngekhilogremu ngayinye yesisindo sikashukela.
Inkomba ye-glycemic ye-stevia ayi-zero, ngakho-ke, ukukhishwa kotshani bezinyosi kuyasiza ephula i-carbohydrate metabolism. Akukho mininingwane maqondana nobuthi bomshuwalensi obambele ushukela, ngoba akukho okuphikiswa ongasetshenziswa, ngaphandle kokungabekezelelani ngakunye.
Odokotela bakwamanye amazwe babiza ama-contraindication ngokuthatha i-stevia isikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa ibele.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-stevia kunqatshelwe kanye nezidakamizwa eziningi. Phakathi kwazo, kufanele ucacise:
- amaphilisi okwehlisa ushukela wegazi;
- izidakamizwa ezinokweqile;
- izidakamizwa zokulinganisa i-lithium.
Kwenzeka ukuthi i-stevioside iba imbangela yemiphumela engathandeki, ingaba yikhanda, ukungaphatheki kahle kwemisipha, isiyezi.
I-Sucralose, i-Aspartame
I-Sucralose intuthuko yakamuva, kubhekwa njengenye yezinshukela eziphephe kunazo zonke. Ukunambitha, isengezo sokudla sinama-600 amnandi kunoshukela ocolisisiwe, kuyilapho singenawo amakhalori, futhi akukho thonya ezingeni le-glycemia.
Inzuzo enkulu ye-sucralose ukunambitheka okufana kakhulu nokunambitheka kashukela ojwayelekile. Isengezo sisetshenziselwa ukupheka, singafudumeza noma iqandiswe. Into le ingeyama-premium, isidlulile izivivinyo eziningi ezilwaneni nakubantu, abesifazane abakhulelwe.
I-sweetener ivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa yizo zonke izinhlangano zezempilo zomhlaba, inani elivumelekile lansuku zonke lingu-15 mg / kg wesisindo somzimba. Umzimba ufaka cishe i-15%, ngemuva kosuku into ikhishwe ngokuphelele emzimbeni.
Alikho igama lesisho elenziwe ngeshukela elincane elithandwayo elingaziwa njenge-aspartame, lona:
- Izikhathi ezingama-200 zimnandi kunoshukela;
- inokuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhalori;
- ayiqukethe flavour extraneous.
Kunezimpikiswano eziningi maqondana nokuphepha kwalo mkhiqizo, njengoba ukubuyekezwa kubonisa, abanye abanesifo sikashukela basaba ngisho nokusebenzisa i-aspartame. Kodwa-ke, izitatimende ezingezinhle maqondana nale nto azifaneleki.
Ukuphela kwento okufanele wesabe kuyo ukufudumeza kwalowo obambelayo nokubilayo, ngoba ngamazinga okushisa aphakeme ubola, alahlekelwe ukunambitheka.
Kwelebula le-supplement njalo khombisa inani elinconyiwe elingasetshenziswa phakathi nosuku.
Isomalt
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela nabantu abanempilo abafuna ukwehlisa isisindo badinga ukufaka into engcolisiwe nge-isomalt. Isengezo sokudla sinomphumela omuhle ku-cholesterol kanye nohlelo lokugaya ukudla.
Emashalofini nasekhemisi ungabona isomalt yemvelo noma eyenziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhiqizo unokwehlukahluka ezakhiweni, ukunambitheka kwamandla. Inzuzo yabanesifo sikashukela ukuthi isomalt yenziwe nge-sucrose.
Izinkomba ze-glycemia ngokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwalokhu okufakwa esikhundleni sikashukela omhlophe azishintshi, ngoba igxiliselwa egazini esikhundleni kancane. Leli qiniso linomthelela enanini lokubuyekezwa okuhle kweziguli nodokotela. Okuhlukile kuzoba kuphela ukungahambisani nomthamo obekwe udokotela.
Uma usebenzisa into leyo ngendlela yayo emsulwa, inani layo libalwa ngokuqinile kuze kufike kwigremu ngayinye. Ngokwezigaba akunakwenzeka ukwandisa umthamo, kanye nokunciphisa. Kuphela lapho lesi simo sihlangabezana lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi uthole inzuzo ephezulu.
Ama-carbohydrate akhona ku-sweetener awangenwa amathumbu; akhishwa ngokuphelele emzimbeni wesiguli kanye nomchamo.
Saccharin, Cyclamate, Acesulfame K
ISachcharin inemva ebabayo; ngobumnandi bayo buyamnandi izikhathi ezingama-450 kunoshukela ocolisisiwe. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bavunyelwe ukungadli ngaphezu kwe-5 mg / kg ye-Saccharin. Yonke imininingwane ethusayo mayelana nalesi sikhundla ushukela sesiphelelwe yisikhathi, isuselwa ekuhlolweni okwenziwe maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule ngamagundane abelebhu.
Ngesisekelo se-saccharin, kwenziwa i-sucracite ye-sweetener. Imithamo emikhulu ye-saccharin iyingozi. Ngakho-ke, umuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele aqaphele indlela adla ngayo.
I-sodium cyclamate yamakhemikhali nayo ayinawo amakhalori, ubumnandi obuphindwe izikhathi ezingama-30 kunoshukela omhlophe. Umkhiqizo ungasetshenziselwa ukupheka, cishe i-11 mg ngekhilogremu eyodwa yesisindo sikashukela kungadakwa ngosuku. I-cyclamate ivame ukuhlanganiswa ne-saccharin, ethuthukisa ukuqina kwesengezo sokudla.
Enye i-sweetener yokwenziwa, i-Acesulfame K, imnandi izikhathi ezingama-20 kunoshukela, ayidonswa ngumzimba, ikhishwa kanye nomchamo ungashintshiwe. I-analogue yeshukela ivunyelwe ukushisa, ukupheka ukudla ngayo, kuyikhalori ephansi. Kuphephile ukusebenzisa ama-15 mg wekhilogremu yesisindo sesiguli ngosuku.
Sladis, Fitparad
Emakethe yasekhaya, umuntu obambela uphawu lwentengiso yakwaSladys uye waba ngumkhiqizo othandwa kakhulu, uye wathandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabanesifo sikashukela ngenxa yezinzuzo eziningana. Usizo lungumthelela omuhle ekusebenzeni kwesistimu yokugaya, amathumbu ikakhulukazi amanyikwe.
Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwamaSladys esikhundleni sikashukela kuqinisa ukuzivikela komzimba, kusekela ukusebenza okwanele kwesibindi nezinso. Inamaminerali amaningi, amavithamini. I-sweetener ivame ukusiza umuntu onesifo sikashukela ukuba anciphise inani le-insulin edingekayo, ezinye izidakamizwa ezilwa nalesi sifo, i-hyperglycemia, i-pancreatitis.
Inzuzo enkulu kakhulu okuqukethwe okungama-khalori aphansi, okusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, izinga le-glucose alikhuphuki, inhlala-kahle yeguli ayisibi. Inzuzo yesengezo esinomsoco yindleko enhle, ngoba umkhiqizo ukhiqizwa eRussia.
Ngentengo engabizi, i-sweetener ayikho neze indlela ephansi kunabalingane abangenisile. Ezingeni lezidakamizwa zaleli qembu, iSladis ithatha isikhundla esiphambili, yiFitparad kuphela esincintisana nayo.
I-Fitparad sweetener iyathengiswa futhi emakhemisi; iyingxube yezindawo ezinoshukela eziningana. Ukuqanjwa kubandakanya:
- isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga
- sucralose;
- i-stevioside;
- ukukhipha i-rosehip.
Isengezo sokudla sibekezelelwa kahle ngumzimba, kuphela kwezinye iziguli ukusabela okungekuhle akubandakanywa. Isibonelo, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukuqaqanjelwa yimizwa, ukuvuvukala, ukuminyanisa, uhudo, kanye nokwephulwa kokuphuma komchamo kwesinye isikhathi kuyaphawulwa.
Izimpawu eziqanjwe amagama zingavela kuphela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-efrazite, kepha lokhu kuyivelakancane kunokujwayelekile. Ngokuvamile, i-Fitparad iyasiza, ayilimazi, igcwala umzimba ngamavithamini futhi isiza ukugcina amazinga kashukela esezingeni elifanele.
Inani lokudla okunempilo lungamakhilogremu ama-3 kuwo wonke amagremu alikhulu womkhiqizo, aphindwe kaningana kunoshukela omhlophe.
Ukuzuzisa noma ukulimaza?
Kukho konke lokhu okungenhla, singaphetha ngokuthi ukufaka esikhundleni sikashukela sekhwalithi ephezulu akusona neze esabisayo, njengoba kwesinye isikhathi kubonakala. Imvamisa, izindatshana ezikhuluma ngobungozi bezithasiselo zokudla ezikuleli qembu zisuselwa kulwazi olungakaqinisekisiwe nenombolo enganele yamaqiniso esayensi.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa izinambuzane eziningi zeshukela ziye zachazwa kaningi emithonjeni yezokwelapha. Isincomo esikhulu uma usebenzisa noma yikuphi ukufaka indawo ukulandela imithamo enconyiwe.
Ezweni lethu nasendaweni yenyunyana yangaphambili, ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo ezinoshukela kuphansi kakhulu kwezinye izifundazwe. Iziguli eziningi zimane zesabe ukuzwa yonke imiphumela emibi yesengezo, empeleni engekho.
Ungawathenga amaphilisi noma i-sweetener powder ekhemisi, eminyangweni yezitolo zikashukela, kwi-Intanethi. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ukukhetha kwemikhiqizo enjalo kukhulu, kepha umuntu onesifo sikashukela uyohlala ezitholela yena indlela efanelekile.
Ukufakwa esikhundleni sikashukela kuchazwe kule vidiyo kule ndatshana.
