I-pancreas ye-Aberrant kuyinto engathandeki kohlelo lokugaya ukudla.
Le pathology izibonakalisa ngokwakhiwa kwezicubu ezifanayo ngesakhiwo kuya kwe-pancreatic gland esifundeni se-mucosa esiswini, duodenum, noma eceleni kwama-pancreas uqobo.
Ukuphazamiseka kwentuthuko kwenzeka esigabeni se-embyogenis, lapho kubekwa nokwakhiwa kwezitho zomzimba.
Ezinye zezimbangela zokulimala kwendlala yilezi:
- isakhi sofuzo;
- ithonya esibelethweni lemikhuba emibi kamama;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo (isimungumungwane, irubella);
- ukuvezwa kwemisebe;
- amalungiselelo athile ekhemisi.
I-pancreas e-Aberrant akusona isifo, kodwa futhi ingangena ekulimazeni nasekubhujisweni, ingacindezela izitho eziseduze kwayo bese iziveza.
Ukuqubuka okunjalo okungajwayelekile esakhiweni kufana nokwejwayelekile, kune-pancreatic duct yayo evulekile, eqala ukungena kuloline lamathumbu.
I-pancreas ye-Aberrant ichazwa njengezicubu ze-pancreatic, engenakho ukuqhubeka kwe-anatomical ne-vascular kanye nomzimba oyinhloko wamanyikwe. I-heterotopy ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-pancreatic yenziwa endaweni esiswini, i-dretretret duct ivame ukugeleza esifundeni se-ventral.
Iningi leziguli ezine-pastre-aberrant pancreas are asymptomatic. Akuvamile ukuba beze nezimpawu zomtholampilo ezinjengobuhlungu besisu nokuphuma kwegazi. Kuvele imibiko eminingana ye-pancreatic gland eyinkimbinkimbi ngokuvuvukala okukhulu, njenge-pancreatitis.
I-pancreatic ectopia itholakala kakhulu ngengozi, ngesikhathi sokufuna izilonda ze-mucosa esiswini, ngoba umtholampilo uhambisana ne-gastritis eyingozi. Ngakho-ke, i-lobule yokuhlukumeza ye-pancreas icasula isithombe somtholampilo kanye nezimpawu ezihambisanayo, ngokuya ngendawo nosayizi wakho.
I-Dystopia ingenziwa yasendaweni:
- odongeni lwesisu;
- eminyangweni ye-duodenum;
- ku-ileum, kwizicubu ze-diverticulum;
- ekuqineni kwe-omentum yamathumbu amancane;
- emqubeni;
- esiswini senyongo.
Isimo somtholampilo wesici
I-Ectopic pancreatic gland ingatholwa eminyangweni ehlukene.
Uma itholakala ekuhlanganeni kwesisu ne-duodenum, khona-ke inikeza isithombe somtholampilo esifana nesilonda se-duodenal.
Kunobuhlungu esifundeni se-epigastric, isicanucanu, ukopha kungavela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isithombe somtholampilo esinalolu lungiselelo le-ectopic pancreatic gland singafanana:
- I-Cholecystitis - Ubuhlungu ku-hypochondrium efanele, i-jaundice, ukulunywa kwesikhumba.
- I-Appendicitis - Ubuhlungu esiswini sangaphezulu noma esifundeni sangakwesokudla, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza isikhathi esisodwa.
- I-pancreatitis Ubuhlungu be-bhande engxenyeni ephezulu yesobunxele yesisu.
Ngokuthola kwasendaweni esiswini, umtholampilo uyafana:
- nesilonda esiswini.
- ne-pancreatitis.
I-pancreatitis e-asidi eyenzeka esiswini i-gastrointestinal aberrant gland iyivelakancane, futhi esinye sezimpawu zayo eziphambili kubuhlungu besisu. Cishe kuzo zonke izimo, kukhuphuka kancane ama-serum amylase.
Ngenxa yalokho, i-pancreatitis ebukhali noma engamahlalakhona ebangelwa i-pancreas engaxutshani nalutho kungenzeka ngenxa yokuvinjezelwa kwama-ducts, kepha hhayi kusuka ekulimaleni okuqondile kweseli okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kophuzo oludakayo.
Izimpawu eziyingozi lapho zibandakanyeka kwinqubo ye-pancreas eyisibeletho:
- I-ectopic organ necrosis;
- Ukwephulwa kokwethembeka kwezindonga zesitho esiyize;
- Ukuopha, ukulimaza emikhunjini ye-gland.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kokuvinjwa kwamathumbu ngenxa yokuvinjwa kwama-pancreas adonsayo amathumbu.
Imvamisa, lezi zinkinga ezinkulu zivela ngokufaka noma ukusungulwa okuningana kwezicubu ze-glandular ezingeziwe emathunjini amancane, i-lumen ekulesi sigaba incane impela. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuba nokuthuthuka okusheshayo kokuvinjwa.
Izimpawu zokuqala ngokuthuthukiswa kokuvuvukala emzimbeni we-ectopic yilezi:
- ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yokugaya;
- izinhlungu ngemuva kokudla nobuhlungu bendlala;
- ukwephulwa kokudlula kokudla, kuhambisana nokuhlanza inhliziyo nokuhlanza.
Njengoba izimpawu zivamile futhi zingahambisana nenani elikhulu lezifo zamapheshana emathunjini, ukutholwa kwezixhobo nokwenziwa elebhu kungasatshalaliswa nazo.
Ukuxilongwa kwesimo se-pathological
I-ectopy yalesi sitho ayinzima ukuyithola, kepha ingafihla ngemuva komamaski bezinye izifo.
Ungabona ngeso lengqondo imfundo usebenzisa izindlela ezithile zensiza.
Ukubona i-pathology, kusetshenziswa izindlela zokuhlola ezilandelayo:
- I-x-ray yesibeletho sesisu ikuvumela ukuba ubone ukuphuma kwe-mucosa ngokuqongelela okuhlukile kule ndawo.
- I-Fibrogastroduodenoscopy - ukuba khona kwesiza sokuqanjwa kwe-mucosa, ngaphezulu okukhona lapho kuvela khona umbono, indawo ephumayo ye-derrant duct.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound kwe-patity esiswini, ucwaningo lususelwa ku-echogenicity ehlukile ye-pancreatic duct kanye nezicubu ze-pancreas uqobo.
- I-compact tomography ikhombisa i-pathology kahle, kepha kunesidingo sokuyihlukanisa ngezinqubo ze-tumor, maqondana nalokhu, i-biopsy yokwakheka yenziwa ngokuhlolwa okwengeziwe komlando ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholwa kwalesi sifo ngesikhathi se-fibrogastroduodenoscopy.
I-Aberrant gland ingahlukaniswa izinhlobo ezintathu ze-histology.
Thayipha I enezicubu ezijwayelekile ezilayishwe nge-duct kanye nama-islets afanana namaseli ajwayelekile we-pancreatic;
Uhlobo II luqukethe izicubu ze-pancreatic ezinama-acini amaningi kanye nama-ducts ambalwa angenawo amaseli we-islet;
Thayipha i-III, lapho kubhekwa kuphela ama-ducts we-excretory.
Ngakho-ke, i-pancreas edlulisayo (ikakhulukazi izinhlobo I no-II) ingabonisa uhla oluphelele lwe-pancreatic pathologies, kufaka phakathi i-pancreatitis (esibuhlungu nesingamahlalakhona), kanye nokuguqulwa okungahambi kahle kwe-neoplastic.
Ukwelashwa kwe-pathology
Kuhlala kudingidwa ukuthi ngabe ushintsho olubi noma olungamahlalakhona lokuvuvukala kumanyikwe i-pancreas lubangelwa yini izinqubo ezifanayo ze-pathological ezidonsela i-pancreatitis kuma-pancreas e-anatomical.
Isitho se-ectopic kwesinye isikhathi sinokuhlala emthunzini kukho konke impilo, kepha uma sithinteka ngenqubo ye-pathological, khona-ke ukwelashwa okuphumelela kakhulu kuyahlinzwa.
Okwamanje, basebenzisa futhi indlela yezidakamizwa yokwelapha ene-analogues somatostatin - i-pituitary hormone, ukwelashwa kuyizimpawu futhi akusizi ukwehlisa i-bowel stenosis.
Manje odokotela abahlinzayo balwela ukuhlinzwa okulimaza kakhulu, futhi esimweni sokuxineka kwe-pancreatic gland, kusetshenziswa amasu wokuhlasela kancane kancane we-endoscopic noma ukungenelela kwe-ophthalmic:
- Ukusebenza kwe-microlaparotomy nokwakhiwa kwe-anastomosis phakathi kwezindlala ze-anatomical ne-aberrant - lokhu kugwema ukuthuthukiswa kokuvuvukala kwesitho se-ectopic.
- Uma i-pancreas isodongeni lwe-antrum, lapho ivame kakhulu ukubonakala kokukhula kwe-polypous, kusetshenziswa i-endrosopic electroexcision.
Ngakho-ke, ukususwa kwemfundo kwenzeka ngaphandle kwezilonda ezihlukumezayo ze-mucosa, kanye nokulahlekelwa okuncane kwegazi.
Endabeni yokungenelela okunjalo kokuhlinzwa, isiguli singaya ekhaya ngezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.
Izimpawu zezifo ze-pancreatic zichazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
