I-pancreas ingesinye sezitho ezinkulu kakhulu zohlelo lokugaya, ngosayizi wayo ulwesibili kwesibindi kuphela. I-gland inenhloko, umsila nomzimba, ukushintshana ngakunye.
Isitho sikhiqiza ama-enzymes akhethekile abandakanyeka ngqo enqubweni yokumba ukudla, kanti amanyikwe akhiqiza ne-insulin yehomoni, ebhekele izinga likashukela wegazi.
I-gland isembozwe ngokwengxenye yisisu, izindunduma zixhumene nesibindi kanye nesibindi. Uma noma iyiphi inqubo ye-pathological iqala kuyo, kungahle kube ukusabela komzimba ezifweni ezingamahlalakhona zezitho zesisu.Kulapho kwenzeka ushintsho olusebenzayo, inani lokuphazamiseka kwemizimba okubalulekile okubonakalayo elinomthelela ekwakhiweni kwezifo eziningi.
Ama-pancreas abelwe imisebenzi emibili ebalulekile:
- i-intrasecretory;
- exocrine.
Esimweni sokuqala, bakhuluma ngokukhiqizwa kwe-hormone insulin, okwesibili - mayelana nokukhululwa kwejusi le-pancreatic, ngaphandle kwayo inqubo yokugaya evamile ayinakwenzeka. Lapho kwenzeka izinguquko zethambo emzimbeni wesitho, umzimba wonke awukwazi ukusebenza ngokuphelele.
Imiphumela yezinguquko ezisebenzayo
Kusho ukuthini ushintsho olusebenzayo lwe-pancreatic? Leli gama liphakamisa imibuzo eminingi futhi ngisho nokwesaba, kepha kusho ukuthi isitho siphendula ushintsho olwenzeka ezithweni eziseduze. Akudingekile ukuthi izimbangela zalesi simo zibe yingozi empilweni nasempilweni iyonke.
Izinguquko ezisebenzayo zingadala ubuhlungu obukhulu, amaconsi ku-glycemia, ushintsho ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla. Uma kwenzeka kwenzeka ushintsho olusebenzayo, i-parenchyma ifaka ama-hormone ambalwa abandakanyeka kuma-metabolism nama-carbohydrate, kunokushoda okukhulu kwejusi le-pancreatic nama-enzyme adingekayo wokugaya ukudla. Ngakho-ke, kulesi sigaba, ukudla okulinganiselayo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Izinguquko eziguqukayo kumanyikwe abangelwa isenzo esinolaka sephephabhuku lesibindi nesibindi zibizwa ngokuthi ukuhlaselwa kwe-pancreatitis esebenzayo, kubonakaliswa ushintsho kwi-parenchyma, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokwanda kosayizi wesitho.
Kubantu abadala nasezinganeni, lesi sifo siba yimpendulo yezifo zohlelo lwesisu, phakathi kwalo esivame ukutholakala:
- i-hepatitis eyingozi futhi engalapheki;
- i-ulcerative colitis;
- isilonda esiswini kanye ne-duodenal;
- inkambo engapheli ye-cholecystitis.
Izinguquko zesibili kumanyikwe zenzeka ngenxa yokuminza kwe-bile emiphungweni nasezinyini zenyongo, kubuye kubonakale ushintsho olusebenzayo olusebenzayo lubonakale lapho ku-parenchyma. Kungenzeka ukuthola ukuphulwa okubonga kuphela nge-ultrasound. Izinkinga ezinjalo zesitho zivame ukutholakala ezinganeni.
Izinqubo ezifanayo zenzeka ezifweni zesibindi, umsebenzi waso obhekele ukukhululeka kwe-bile nawo uyashintsha.
I-pancreatic ductal iyashintsha? Ukwephulwa iba yinkinga enkulu, ngaphezu kobuhlungu obukhulu, umuntu uhlushwa ukungasebenzi kahle okuphambili emsebenzini wesitho, kuze kube sekufeni kwezicubu. Ubuhlungu buzwakala ngenxa yokuvinjelwa okungaphakathi emzimbeni, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye nokucasukela indlala ngama-enzymes wokugaya ukudla.
Isimanga esingemnandi sizoba izinguquko zesibili, ngoba zivame ukwenzeka ngaphandle kwezimpawu, azivamile ukunakwa, zilindele isifo sezitho zangaphakathi ezihluke ngokuphelele. Ukuvuvukala kwengqondo kwenzeka ezindaweni ezithile, kukhuluma nge-neoplasm enobungozi.
Ekuqaleni kwenqubo, ubukhulu be-foci abubalulekanga, basheshe basakazekela endaweni enkulu, ukuphuma kwejusi le-pancreatic kuyaphazamiseka, umfutho ophakeme wegazi uthi kwakha emiseleni, okuvame ukuguquka kube yizinkinga ezinkulu.
Izimpawu, izindlela zokuxilonga
Izimpawu zezinguquko ezisebenzayo kuzoba isicanucanu, isihlalo sokucasulwa, ubuhlungu esiswini esingenhla. Kwezinye izimo, kunzima kakhulu ukwahlukanisa inqubo ye-pathological, ngoba ezinye izifo zinikeza izimpawu ezifanayo.
Le ndlela yalesi sifo iqhubeka nezifo zohlelo lokugaya ukudla, imvamisa i-duodenum. Ngokujwayelekile, i-pancreatitis itholakala nezifo zamathumbu amakhulu, i-esophagus, i-gluitis ye-Reflux. Ngokucasuka okuhleliwe kwe-esophagus enendawo ene-acidic, izilonda zenzeka, ukugula kuzoba nomthelela ongemuhle emzimbeni.
Ushintsho olusebenzayo olwenzeka ngaphakathi kumanyikwe, olwenziwe ngenxa yezifo zohlelo lokugaya ukudla, lwenzeka kubantu abadala nezingane ezinezimpawu ezincane futhi olungenazo nhlobo izimpawu.
Ungaqala izinkinga kusitho usebenzisa i-ultrasound, lapho kuhlolwa khona zonke izitho zesisu esiswini. Uma isitho siphilile, kuzobonakala i-ultrasound yamanyikwe:
- i-homogeneous parenchyma;
- usayizi ojwayelekile;
- ukuntuleka kwezinguquko zokusetshenziswa.
Ushintsho olunzima akusona isifo, kuphela isimo samanje samanyikwe, izinguquko ezinjalo zisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngokubheka kwale nqubo, sikhuluma ngamatshe noma amathumbu.
Kunokuphindwa okuthile koshintsho olusebenzayo esibindini kanye namanyikwe. Phakathi kwazo, ukwehla kobukhulu be-parenchyma (lapho imingcele ye-gland ikhuphukile, lokhu kuzokuqinisekisa ukuhlaselwa kwe-pancreatitis eshubile), kudlulise ushintsho ngokwenyuka kwesibalo ngokumelene nesizinda sokukhuphuka okulinganiselayo kwesitho noma usayizi waso ojwayelekile.
Ngokwezimo zezwe, ungabona ukwehla kobukhulu be-parenchyma, lapho kungekho ukwanda kosayizi wesitho, lesi simo ngesimo se-pancreatitis esebenzayo futhi engamahlalakhona. I-Echogenicity ingakhuphuka nge-lipomatosis, isifo esibuyisela ingxenye ethile ye-parenchyma ngamafutha.
Njengoba i-ultrasound kuphela inganele ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile, kunezindlela ezengeziwe ezikhonjiswayo:
- i-duodenal endoscopy;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile nokujwayelekile;
- Ukuhlaziywa komchamo wokuqukethwe kwezinto ze-enzyme.
Imiphumela etholakele yokuhlaziywa ihlolisiswa udokotela wezamazinyo, ngemuva kokuthi ememezele isinqumo, anikeze impatho efanele.
Kumele kuvezwe ukuthi ushintsho olusebenzayo esidlekeni alunikezi ukwelashwa okukhethekile, ngemuva kokuqeda imbangela yesimo se-pathological, akukho mkhondo wabo.
Ngeshwa, uma ushintsho olulinganiselwe nolwesibili lungavinjelwanga ngesikhathi, isimo singalungiswa ngempatho efanele.
Uma ukwephulwa okulinganiselwe kubonisa isidingo esisheshayo sezinyathelo, khona-ke abantu abahlobene nobudala bazokhuluma ngokuthuthuka okusondele kweqembu lonke lezifo. Lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nokuguga kwe-organ, ukwehla kwamazinga e-insulin, kanye nokwehla kokubekezelelwa kwe-carbohydrate. Ngalesi sizathu, izibalo ngezifo ze-pancreatitis nohlobo 2 sikashukela ziyakhula.
Mayelana ne-pancreatitis kanye nezinkinga zayo ezichazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
