Ukufa ngenxa yezifo zamanyikwe, lapho ukusebenza kwesitho kukhubazekile, kwenzeka kaningi unyaka nonyaka. Izibalo zithi kuma-pancreatitis acute, ukufa kwenzeka ngamaphesenti angama-40.
Ukwehluleka kwe-pancreatic kungenzeka kwiziguli zanoma yibuphi ubulili nobudala. Iziguli eziningi ziyafa ngesonto lokuqala lokuxilongwa kwalesi sifo ngesikhathi saso esibi. Imvamisa ukufa kwenzeka nge-hemorrhagic noma ifomu elixubile le-pancreatosis.
Ukuze uvimbele ukukhula kwezinkinga eziyingozi, wonke umuntu kufanele azi ukuthi iziphi izimpawu ezihambisana nalesi sifo sesitho se-parenchymal. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukukhonjwa kokwephulwa umthetho kusenesikhathi ekuqaleni kokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo kuzogwema imiphumela emibi futhi kusindise izimpilo.
Izici zokusebenza kwamanyikwe
Lesi sitho esincane senza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile emzimbeni: wokugaya ukudla, ngaphandle, kanye ne-intrasecretory. I-gland itholakala esifundeni se-retroperitoneal, isikhwama se-omentum siyayihlukanisa nesisu.
Eduze kwamapheya kukhona umgodi, umgogodla wesokunxele ne-aorta. Isitho sihlukaniswe iminyango eminingana: umsila, umzimba nenhloko.
Ijusi le-pancreatic lingena emathunjini nge-Wirsung duct. Kodwa ngaphambi kokungena emgodini wokugaya ukudla, ingena kwi-duct ye-bile.
I-gland yabazali iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili ezinezakhi ezihlukile:
- Iziqhingi zaseLangerhans. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-insulin ne-glucagon iyathunyelwa.
- Ingxenye yeglandular. Ikhiqiza ujusi we-pancreatic.
Yini i-pancreas enqaba? Imbangela yezifo zezigxobo zokugaya ukudla imvamisa ukungondleki.
Lapho ukusebenza kwe-gland kungokhubazekile, khona-ke ayizithinti kabi izicubu zayo. Ngokuthuthuka kokuvuvukala, inqubo yokuzigaya ngokwakho iqala, ngenxa yokuthi amaseli e-enzyme yesitho sonakele.
Imbangela ehamba phambili yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-gland ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala nokudla okungalinganiseli. Izinto ezinjalo ziholela ekubonakaleni kwezifo emaphesheni angama-70%.
Izimbangela ze-pancreatitis esibi nesingamahlalakhona:
- isakhi sofuzo;
- ukulimala kwesitho;
- ukuthatha imishanguzo ethile;
- izifo (i-mycoplasmosis, igciwane le-hepatitis);
- isifo se-gallstone;
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zizathu ezingenhla, kunezinto ezithile ezithile ezithinta ukuthuthukiswa kwama-pathologies wezinhlaka ezahlukahlukene. Uma ama-pancreas ehluleka nge-pancreatic necrosis, khona-ke izici ezisengaphambili zingaba yi-cholelithiasis, cholecystitis.
Umdlavuza wesitho se-parenchymal uba ngenxa yokubhema, ukudla ngokweqile, ukuba khona kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona (isifo sikashukela, i-pancreatitis). Iziguli ezindala kuneminyaka engama-60, iningi labesilisa, zisengozini ye-oncology.
Izimbangela zokwenziwa kwama-cyst, ngaphezu kwalesi simo esingenhla, yilezi: ukuhlaselwa kwe-helminthic kanye nokugcwala kwe-cholesterol egazini. Futhi, i-gland inganqaba ukusebenza nesifo sikashukela.
Imbangela eyinhloko ye-hyperglycemia engamahlalakhona ilele ezicini zofuzo zomzimba. Ezinye izinto ezibeka engcupheni ukukhuluphala, ukucindezelwa nokuguga.
Isimo somtholampilo se-pancreatitis esibi nesingamahlalakhona
Isibonakaliso esiholayo sokuvuvukala kwe-glandular esibuhlungu kubuhlungu "bokumba". Ekuqaleni, zenziwa endaweni esifundeni se-epigastric nakuzo zombili i-hypochondria. Lapho-ke ukungajabuli kungazwakala emuva nasesiswini.
Izimpawu ezejwayelekile ze-pancreatitis ebukhali zibandakanya ukugabha njalo, okuholela ekuphelisweni komzimba, i-belching, flatulence, isifo sohudo, ukwehla kwesisindo okungazelelwe, umlomo owomile. Lapho isimo sesiguli siba sibi, kuvela izinga lokushisa (kufika ema-degree angama-40), kufikelwa umfutho wegazi futhi isilinganiso senhliziyo sikhuphuka.
Imvamisa inkambo yesifo ihambisana nokucwaswa kwe-integument. Futhi uma ubuso bujika buhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa uhlobo olunzima lwalesi sifo, lapho ubuthi obukhulu buba khona nokukhubazeka kokujikeleza kwegazi.
Ingxenye yesithathu yeziguli ezine-pancreatitis eyingozi iba nezimpawu ezinjenge-jaundice. Kwesinye isikhathi amabala avela ezinqeni, ebusweni nasiswini, okufana ne-petechiae noma i-hemorrhage. Imishayo emikhulu eyindilinga nayo ingavela emuva, esiswini nasesifubeni.
Uhlobo olungapheli lokuvuvukala kwe-pancreatic lubonakala ngokufakwa kwamaseli wesitho esinempilo ngezicubu ezithintekayo. Inkambo yesifo ihlukaniswe izikhathi ezi-2 - ukuqina nokuxolelwa. Ngakho-ke, ngokuya ngesigaba sesifo, ubukhulu bezimpawu buyahluka.
Isiguli sinokuhlushwa yizinhlungu ezingapheli noma ngezikhathi ezithile. Imvamisa avela emgodini wesisu noma kwi-hypochondrium imizuzu engama-30 ngemuva kokudla.
Imvamisa yobuhlungu buqhamukela ekhasini lasemahlombe, emuva, emilenzeni nase esifubeni. Uma yonke indlala ikhanyisiwe, khona-ke ukungakhululeki kunomlingiswa ohlanganisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungaphatheki kahle kuvame ukuhambisana nokuhlatshwa imizwa nokuhlanza.
Ngokukhuphuka ngokweqile kwe-pancreatitis engapheli, isiguli sinezimpawu ezifanayo zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo njengasesimweni esibi sesifo. Futhi, isiguli sizizwa sibuthakathaka futhi sisheshe sikhathale.
Kubantu abahlushwa ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwensini iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, ukwehluleka ukusebenza kuyenzeka. Ngakho-ke, ukwehla kokukhululwa kwejusi kunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezimpawu ezimbalwa:
- ukwehla okucashile kuze kube kathathu ngosuku;
- ukuthopha;
- indle iyacwebezela, ngimpunga, inokuvumelana okufana nephalishi nephunga elingathandeki.
Ezigulini eziningi, ngokumelene nesizinda senkambo ende yesifo, kushoda kwezinto ezinenzuzo emzimbeni kwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvuvukala okungapheli kwama-pancreas, isiguli sivame ukuhlushwa i-osteoporosis, i-anorexia, i-dysbiosis kanye ne-anemia.
Ukukhuculula lesi sifo kuvame ukuholela ekwakhiweni kwesimo sangaphambi kwe-hypoglycemic ne-coma elandelayo. Izimo ezinjalo zingaqashelwa yizimpawu ezimbalwa: ubuthakathaka obukhulu, ukuthuthumela emzimbeni wonke, ukujuluka okubandayo, ukufoka.
Inkambo ende yesifo se-pancreatitis esingamahlalakhona ikhulisa kakhulu ithuba lesiguli esakha inkinga eyingozi njenge-mellitus yesifo sikashukela. Kepha lo mphumela ungakhuli kuphela ekulimaleni okubi kakhulu noma okungamahlalakhona kwe-gland.
Futhi, isimila, ama-cysts, nezinye izinqubo ezonakalisayo ezenzeka esakhiweni se-parenchymal ziba nomthelela omubi emzimbeni.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi iziphi izimpawu ezihambisana nezinye izifo eziyingozi ze-pancreatic.
Izimpawu ezibonisa ukwehluleka kwe-gland kumdlavuza, i-cysts, isifo sikashukela, amatshe, ne-pancreatic necrosis
Ngama-cysts asendaweni okwenziwa kuyo amanyikwe, kukhiqizwa isigaxa esakhiweni lapho kuhlangana khona uketshezi. Ezemfundo zingavela kunoma iyiphi ingxenye ye-gland. Izimpawu zayo zivame ukwenzeka lapho isimila siba sikhulu futhi sisusa izitho eziseduze.
Nge-cyst, isiguli singase sizwe izinhlungu esiswini esiphezulu. Akujwayelekile ukuthi umuntu alahlekelwe yisisindo esikhulu futhi aphethwe wukugayeka.
Ukwakheka okukhulu kuyakhanywa ngesikhathi se-palpation. Isimila sicindezela izitho eziseduze, ezixakanisa ukuphuma kwe-bile. Ngakho-ke, isiguli singashintsha umbala wezindunduma nomchamo.
Lapho kukhona i-cyst kuma-pancreas, umuntu uhlala ezizwa ebuthakathaka. Uma ukutheleleka kujoyina, khona-ke kuvela izimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu bemisipha, umkhuhlane, ukuqaqanjelwa yimizwa kanye nokubanda.
Izimpawu zokuhluleka kwe-pancreatic ngokwakhiwa kwamatshe esitsheni:
- Ubuhlungu be-paroxysmal obenzeka esiswini esingaphezulu bese bufika emuva;
- lapho kudonswa amatshe ku-bile duct, kubonakaliswa i-jaundice evimbayo;
- ukugaya ukucasulwa kwesinye isikhathi kuba khona.
Kwi-pancreatic necrosis, lapho izicubu zesitho ziphela, kuba nemizwa ebuhlungu engazelelwe e-epigastrium noma ngemuva kwe-sternum, imvamisa imisebezela emgodini wekhola, emuva emuva noma emuva. Ubuhlungu bungaba bukhulu kangangokuba umuntu alahlekelwe ukwazi.
Ezinye izinkomba ze-pancreatic necrosis zifaka umlomo owomile, i-tachycardia, ukuphefumula, ukuqunjelwa, izindlela zokuhlanza nokucanuzelelwa kwenhliziyo. Isiguli sinokukhathala okungamahlalakhona. Isibonakaliso esibonakalayo se-pathology ukubukeka kwe-peritoneum yezindawo ze-cyanosis kanye ne-hyperemia yesikhumba sobuso.
Umdlavuza we-pancreatic yinto eyivelakancane, kepha iyingozi impela, ngakho-ke ukuvelela kokululama kuvame ukungathandeki. Isimila sikhula ngokushesha, sithinta imithambo ephakeme, imithambo, nemikhumbi yezitho eziseduze.
Njengoba umdlavuza uthinta izinzwa ze-nerve, isiguli sizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu. Lapho kukhona isimila, ukuncishiswa kwesisindo esisheshayo, ukoma okungapheli nokuhlanza kuyaphawulwa, kubangelwa ingcindezi yokwakheka kwamgudu wokugaya ukudla.
Futhi, iziguli zikhononda ngomlomo owomile, umuzwa wobunzima ku-hypochondrium efanelekile kanye nesitulo esidabukisayo (isihlalo se-liquid esinephunga elingathandeki). Kwezinye iziguli, ulwelwesi lwama-mucous nesikhumba kuphenduka ophuzi, ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle ekuphumeni kwe-bile.
Uma inani elandayo le-glucagon likhiqizwa esiswini se-pancreatic, isiguli sizophazamiseka yi-dermatitis, futhi amazinga eglucose azokwenyuka egazini lakhe. Umdlavuza wesitho se-parenchymal uyingozi ngoba unikeza metastases zakuqala emaphashini, isibindi, ama-lymph node nokuningi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthola lesi sifo ngesikhathi futhi wenze ukwelashwa okusebenzayo okusindisa impilo yesiguli.
Ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela kunganqunywa yizimpawu ezimbalwa zezimpawu:
- ukuchama njalo
- ukwehla kwesisindo okungazelelwe ngaphandle kokushintsha ukudla;
- indlala engagculisi;
- ukushuba kwemilenze;
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- umbono onciphile;
- isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- ukomiswa nokulunywa kwesikhumba;
- ukoma
- ukuphulukiswa kancane kwenxeba.
Ukwelashwa nokuvimbela
Ukwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis acute kanye ne-pancreatosis kwenziwa esibhedlela. Esibhedlela, imishanguzo yesibhedlela ibekelwe isiguli, iqeda ukumanzana futhi iqede ubuthi. Uma kunesidingo, ama-analgesics, ukugabha, ama-antimicrobial kanye ne-immunostimulating agents asetshenziswa.
Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokwelashwa, iziguli zidinga ukwenqaba ukudla. Futhi emasontweni nezinyanga ezilandelayo, isiguli kuzofanela silandele indlela ekhethekile yokudla.
Ngokungasebenzi kahle noma ngokungafanele kwezokwelapha zendabuko, ukuhlinzwa kuyenziwa, ngokuqongelela ubomvu ku-peritoneum - ukuwohloka kwe-peritoneal. Izicubu ze-Necrotic zesitho ziyasuswa, nge-cyst, kwenziwa kabusha i-resection, ngomdlavuza, i-chemotherapy noma i-radiation therapy.
I-pancreatitis engalapheki ngesikhathi sokwanda kuphathwa ngokudla kokudla. Ukuze ama-pancreas ehluleke, amaswidi, izinongo, ukudla okunamafutha kanye nosawoti akufakiwe ekudleni. Utshwala kufanele balahlwe ngokuphelele.
Njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela, kuyasiza ukuthatha indawo yetiye nekhofi eqinile ngezithako zamakhambi ze-lingonberry, i-nettle, i-rose noma i-dandelion. Uma eziningana zalezi zimpawu ezingenhla zivele ngesikhathi esisodwa, kufanele uthintane nodokotela we-gastroenterologist noma i-endocrinologist.
Imininingwane ngezimpawu zesifo se-pancreatic inikezwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
