Izinhlobo ze-pancreatitis ezingapheli zihlukaniswa yizici zokuthambekela, izici zokuziphatha, ukubonakaliswa komtholampilo, izici ezisebenzayo kanye nesimo, kanye nezigaba.
Akukho ukuhlukaniswa okwamukelwa emhlabeni wonke kwe-pathology engapheli. Abanye odokotela benza ukuxilongwa ngokuhambisana nezinhlobo zika-A. S. Loginov, abanye ochwepheshe bezokwelapha basebenzisa isigaba seMarseille-Roman somhlaba jikelele.
Ngokwe-ICD (I-International Classization of Diseases), i-pancreatitis engapheli ikhona ngaphansi kwekhodi K86.0, okusho imvelaphi yotshwala yenqubo ye-pathological.
I-Code K86.1 ifaka ezinye izinhlobo zesifo esibuvila - umsuka wokutheleleka, ifomu elihlehlayo, njll.
Izinhlobo ze-pancreatitis ezivilaphayo
Lesi sifo siyisisekelo futhi sibalulekile. Esimweni sokuqala, inqubo engajwayelekile iqala ngqo kumanyikwe. Embodiment yesibili, i-pathology itholakala ngenxa yezifo zezitho zangaphakathi eziseduze - isinye inyongo, isisu, njll.
Izimbangela zesifo esiyinhloko zihlanganisa ukuncika kotshwala, ukuqagela ngofuzo, ukudakwa kwezidakamizwa, umlando omude wokubhema, ukucindezela okungapheli kanye ne-neurosis.
I-etiology yesifo sesibili ibangelwa yi-pathologies ye-gallbladder (cholecystitis kanye nokwakheka kwamatshe), i-cirrhosis yesibindi, izinhlobo ezingapheli ze-hepatitis, ukugula kwezifo ezingena emzimbeni, i-cystic fibrosis (isifo esizalwa naso esihambisana nokulimala kwezindlala ze-exocrine).
NgokukaLoginov, kuya ngomtholampilo, i-pancreatitis engamahlalakhona iyenzeka:
- Ifomu elijwayelekile. Lesi sifo sibonisa izikhathi zokuphindeka kwalesi sifo, ezithathelwa indawo yizikhathi zokuxolelwa.
- Ifomu elibuhlungu lihambisana nobuhlungu obungapheliyo.
- Ifomu le-Pseudotumor. Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko somtholampilo yi-jaundice evimbayo.
- Uhlobo olungenalusizi noma lwakamuva. Kuxilongwa kaningi ngokungapheleli kwe-exocrine, ukungaqondakali okuncane.
- I-sclerosing pancreatitis. Lesi sifo sihambisana nokungasebenzi kahle kwesitho sangaphakathi, sikhula namanye ama-pathologies.
Ngokuhambisana nesigaba seMarseille-Roman, lesi sifo yilezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- Ifomu lokubala. Lesi sifo siqhubeka ngokwakhiwa kwamapulangwe amapulangwe noma amatshe emiseleni ye-gland. Kubonwa cishe i-50-85% yazo zonke izithombe zemitholampilo. Futhi, ihlukaniswe ngamaqenjana. Esimweni sokuqala, kwakhiwa amakristalu aqinile aqinile, i-etiology kungenxa yemikhuba emibi yokudla nokudakwa kotshwala. Ohlelweni lwesibili, amatshe athambile, imfundo isuselwa elifeni.
- I-pancreatitis ethambisayo ihambisana nokuvinjezelwa kwama-pancreatic ducts noma i-tumor neoplasm.
- Ifomu lokuvuvukala. IGland fibrosis ikhona.
- Ama-pseudocysts noma ama-cysts eqiniso (ifomu le-cystic).
Ngokuhambisana nokuhlukaniswa kweLoginov, i-pancreatitis evilaphayo ngamazinga amaningana obunzima - omnene, olinganiselayo noqinile.
Ukwehla kwezifo
Ifomu elingamahlalakhona lingaphindaphindeka njalo, okuholela ekuphakameni kwenqubo ye-pathological. Ukuvuvukala kungaholela ekwehlulekeni okuqinile kwesitho ngesikhathi esifushane.
Njengoba isifo isikhathi eside emzimbeni, izinguquko ezingenakuguqulwa ziyabhekwa, okuholela ekuqedeni ukungasebenzi ngaso. Kwezokwelapha, lesi sifo sihlukaniswe ngokobunzima.
Kuqala (isigaba sokuqala) isikhathi esingekho ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyishumi. Kuboniswa izinkathi ezinde zokuxolelwa, noma kunjalo, futhi azikho nezikhathi ezinde zokuvusa amandla. Ubuhlungu kulesi sigaba buyazulazula, imvamisa i-pain syndrome yenziwa endaweni kusuka ku-hypochondrium yangakwesobunxele. I-Dyspeptic syndrome ngemuva kokwelashwa idalulwe ngokuphelele.
Esikhathini esizayo, lesi sifo siyaqhubeka. Kunezimpawu zokuntuleka kwe-exocrine, zinkulu. Isifo sezinhlungu sincishisiwe kancane, kepha odokotela bathi lokhu kubi, ngoba izinto ezintsha zokuhlukumezeka zakha amanyikwe.
Ngefomu elinzima lenqubo ye-pathological, kuba nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Kunobuhlungu obukhulu, imithi ejwayelekile enomphumela we-analgesic ayibasizi banciphise. Ukuqina kwe-dyspeptic syndrome kuyaphawulwa.
Izinkinga ziphakama (ngokuya ngesigaba sika-Ivashkin):
- Ukuphuma kwe-bile kuyaphazamiseka.
- Ifomu lePortal lomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
- Amathumba okutheleleka.
- Ukuguqulwa kokuvuvukala - ama-cysts, i-cholecystitis, uhlobo olubi lokwehluleka kwezinso, ukopha esiswini, njll.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Endocrine: uhlobo lwe-pancreatic lwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, hypoglycemia.
Amathuba okukhula komdlavuza we-pancreatic ezigulini ezitholakala ukuthi une-pancreatitis engapheli ukhuphuka kakhulu.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-pancreatitis engapheli ngokusho kweKhazanov
Amanyikwe aqukethe umzimba, ikhanda nomsila. Ukuhlukaniswa akubeki indawo yenqubo yokuvuvukala. Kwezokwelapha, izinhlobo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ze-pancreatitis ezivilaphayo ngokuya ngesigaba seKhazanov.
Uhlobo lwe-Interstitial (ifomu le-edematous). Ngokubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo, kusondele kakhulu esigabeni esibi sesi sifo. Isikhathi saso siyizinyanga eziyisithupha. Iziguli zikhononda ngobuhlungu obukhulu, isicanucanu nokuhlanza. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-pathology, izicubu ezizungeze ama-pancreas zivame ukuguquka. Izinkinga zikhula ngo-30- 40% wawo wonke amacala okuwohloka komzimba.
I-pancreatitis ejwayelekile ihambisana nokubuyela emuva njalo kuze kube izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngonyaka. Isifo sezinhlungu asibizwa kangako. Ngokwemininingwane ye-ultrasound, izintshontsho zesitho zishintsha kancane, lesi sakhiwo silingana, sakhiwe. I-Pathology yenzeka ngamaphesenti angama-50. Kuqabukela kakhulu ezigulini ukukhomba izinkinga. Isifo sokuqaqamba kwesifo sibona ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi nangendlela efanele.
Ezinye izindlela ze-pancreatitis ezivilaphayo:
- I-Fibrossteotic. Nge-ultrasound, i-iron ayifane ikhuphuke, kwezinye iziguli incipha ngokuphelele. Kunobuhlungu. Ama-pancreatic ducts ayanda. Lolu hlobo lwe-pancreatitis luvame ukuholela ezinkingeni. Inkambo ye-pathology iyaphikelela.
- Ifomu le-cystic. I-Ultrasound ikhombisa ukungafani okungafaniyo kwesitho, okwandisiwe kwe-gland, ama-cysts amancane agcwele uketshezi akhona. Ducts ezinkulu ziyanda. Le pathology itholakala ezigulini ezingama-6-10.
- Ukubuka kwe-Hyperplastic. Isifo sezinhlungu sikhulunywa kakhulu, iziguli zehla emzimbeni, endaweni zanda i-iron. Cishe i-70% iba nezinkinga. Lesi sifo sinzima.
Lapho kukhona i-cyst kuhlobo lwe-pancreas noma i-pseudotumor of pancreatitis, i-tumor neoplasms ehlotshaniswa nama-pancreas ingahunyushwa.
Ukuthumela kanye nokushintshwa kwamanyikwe
Ukuguqulwa kwesibindi namanyikwe ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukungondleki okungenakulinganiswa, ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala notshwala, ukusetshenziswa kwezithako zokudla ukunciphisa isisindo somzimba.
Imvamisa i-etiology ibangelwa ubuthi obunezakhi ezinobuthi, ukwelashwa okuhlala isikhathi eside ngemithi elwa namagciwane, imiphumela emibi yamagciwane, amagciwane namagciwane, kanye nezifo ezithile ezifanayo.
Lapho isibindi siqala ukuwohloka, sitholwa yizimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Ukwelashwa kokugada imvamisa kwenziwa. Isiguli sinconyelwe inombolo yokudla kwe-pancreatic yesihlanu, izidakamizwa okuhloswe ngaso ukubuyisa ukusebenza kwesibindi.
Ukugoba kwamanyikwe akusona isifo, ngoba isitho sangaphakathi sinamandla okuqondisa nokugoba. Iziguli eziningi, sezizwile ku-ultrasound mayelana nokuqothuka kwamanyikwe, ukwethuka. Kodwa-ke, le nto ayiyona ingozi kubantu abadala nasezinganeni.
Ukweqisa kwama-pancreas kubangelwa i-pathology, lapho isitho sihlangana, sisonta i-duodenum. Kepha isifo esinjalo siyivelakancane emisebenzini yezokwelapha, sihambisana nokukhubazeka okunamandla kokugaya ukudla.
Kweminye imidwebo, kwenziwa izitho zomzimba, ezivumela amasampula wokuqukethwe kwe-duodenal. Le nqubo ine-contraindication eminingi - isifo senhliziyo, ukopha kwamathumbu, ukugabha okuphindaphindiwe, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, njll.
Ukugoba i-RV kwenzeka ngalezi zizathu ezilandelayo:
- Isimo se-pancreatitis esibi nesingamahlalakhona. Uma kungekho ukwelashwa, i-curvature ingashintsha ibe yi-deformation, ilandelwe ukwephulwa kokusebenza kwesitho sangaphakathi.
- Ukwakhiwa kwama-cysts. Ukuxilongwa ngokujulile kuyadingeka ukubona iziphazamiso ezithile emzimbeni.
- Ama-tumor neoplasms. Kulokhu, ngaphezu kweskena se-ultrasound, kuskena i-CT scan noma i-MRI scan. Izithombe zibonisa isitho esikhuliswe kakhulu, le mibala iyonakalisiwe. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukwelashwa kwehla ngokuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatic.
Ezinganeni, ukugoba kwamanyikwe kuvame ukwesikhashana, ngoba lapho umuntu ekhula futhi ethuthuka, isitho sangaphakathi siyenzeka futhi kuvame ukuthatha ukwakheka kwendalo.
I-prognosis ye-pancreatitis engapheli ngenxa yezici eziningi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isipiliyoni sesifo, ubudala besiguli, ukwelashwa. Ngazo zonke izincomo zikadokotela, amathuba okuba nezinkinga ancishiswe kakhulu.
I-etiology kanye nezinhlobo ze-pancreatitis kuxoxwa ngazo kule vidiyo kulesi sihloko.
