Ushukela wegazi uwukuhlushwa koshukela, olinganiselwa ku-mmol / L. Lesi sikhombisi sikhombisa umsebenzi wohlelo lwama-hormonal, futhi ikakhulukazi ukucwaswa kwe-insulin okwenziwa ngamanyikwe kanye nokusabela kwezicubu kuwo.
Imvamisa, amazinga eglucose egazi asukela ku-3.3 kuya ku-5.5 mmol / L. Idatha enjalo ingatholakala ngemuva kokuhlola igazi esiswini esingenalutho. Indaba yokuhlaziywa ingaba yigazi eliphuma emunweni noma emvinini.
Ukwanda kwamazinga kashukela ngaphandle kwezikhathi zokudla kuhlotshaniswa nokuphulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism. Imbangela evame kakhulu yokwenzeka kwabo isifo sikashukela.
Ushukela wegazi ezinganeni nakubantu abadala
Ukugxilwa kwe-glucose kungahluka phakathi nosuku. Kuya ngesilinganiso sokudla kanye nokuqukethwe okwenziwa yi-carbohydrate, ukusebenza ngokomzimba, ukusabela okungokomzwelo, ukubhema, ukuphuza iziphuzo nemithi ekhishwe nge-caffeine.
Ama-carbohydrate aqhamuka ekudleni aguqulwa abe ngama-molecule eglucose bese engena egazini evela emathunjini. Ngemuva kwalokhu, i-insulin iqala ukukhishwa kuma-pancreas. Ingenisa ushukela esitokisini, yehlise izinga layo egazini. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kwamahora we-1.5-2, i-glycemia iyancipha, futhi ushukela usetshenziselwa ukukhipha amandla noma agcinwe ngendlela ye-glycogen.
Izinqubo ezifanayo ezibandakanya i-insulin zenzeka kunoma yiziphi iziqephu zoshukela ezikhuphukile. Ngenxa yalokhu, amangqamuzana athola izinto ezanele zamandla ukugcina ukusebenza okujwayelekile. Noma yikuphi ukuphambuka kokujwayelekile kuyingozi, izinga le-glucose elincishisiwe liphazamisa ukusebenza kwezitho ezibalulekile, kanti eliphakeme libhubhisa udonga lwe-vascular, okuholela ekuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
Izinga leshukela elijwayelekile (mmol / l) labantu beminyaka ehlukene:
- Kuze kube inyanga: 2.8-4.4.
- Kusuka enyangeni eyi-1 kuye eminyakeni eyi-14: 3.2-5.1.
- Ukusuka eminyakeni eyi-14 kuye kwengama-59: 3.3-5.5.
- Ukusuka eminyakeni engama-60 kuye kwengama-90: 4.7-6.6.
Ukuze uthole umphumela wokuhlaziywa ofanele futhi uqonde ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokuzayo, kubalulekile ukukhipha ukumuncwa kokudla neziphuzo amahora angama-8-10 ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa. Ngalesi sikhathi, kungaphuzwa kuphela amanzi okuphuza. Ezinsukwini eziyi-1-2 ngaphambi kocwaningo, kungcono ukwenqaba ukudla ukudla okunamafutha kakhulu ne-carb ephezulu notshwala, ukuzikhandla okukhulu ngokomzimba.
Kungcono ukuthatha igazi ukuze lihlaziywe ngaphambi kokudla kwasekuseni, awukwazi ukuphuza ikhofi nokubhema ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Ukudla imishanguzo, kanye namavithamini, izithasiselo ezinomsoco, amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa kufanele kuvunyelwane nodokotela owathumele ukuba ayohlaziywa.
Ushukela wegazi ungalawulwa ekhaya. Kulokhu, kuthengwa indawo ekhethekile - i-glucometer kanye nemichilo yokuyihlola. Ithonsi legazi lisuka emunweni lifakwa kumucu wokuhlola bese kuthi isithombe se-glucose egxiliwe esibukweni sedivayisi. Kukhona nemichilo yokuhlola ebonakalayo eshintsha umbala kuye ngezinga le-glycemia.
Ukwanda ushukela wegazi
Kunezizathu zokwanda kwamazinga kashukela angahlotshaniswa nanoma yisiphi isifo: uhlobo lwezinzwa, izimo ezicindezelayo, ukudla ukudla okuningi, ikakhulukazi i-carbohydrate, ukuvivinya umzimba ngokulinganisela, ukubhema, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwe-caffeine eziphuzweni zamandla, itiye elinamandla noma ikhofi.
Ezimweni zokugula, kungaba noshukela wegazi ophakeme njengenye yezimpawu zesifo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukusebenza kwe-thyroid, i-pancreatitis, amazinga aphezulu ama-hormone - i-cortisol, i-somatostatin, i-estrogen, isifo sezinso, izinqubo zokuvuvukala esibindini, ingozi ye-cerebrovascular yengozi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, izifo ezithathelwanayo.
I-hyperglycemia ephikelelayo kwenzeka ngokuntuleka kwe-insulin egazini. Lokhu kujwayele isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Ukwakheka kokuphendula kwe-autoimmune kumaseli akhiqiza i-insulin ngenxa yemiphumela yamagciwane, izinto ezinobuthi nengcindezi.
Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ngokuvamile sikhula ngokukhuluphala ngokweqile kwesizinda se-atherosulinosis, umfutho wegazi ophakeme. I-insulin ingakhiqizwa ngamanani anele noma andayo, kepha amangqamuzana awanaki kuwo, ngakho-ke ushukela wegazi uhlala uphakeme.
Isici esibonakalayo salezi zinhlobo zesifo sikashukela siyisiphetho sendlalifa. Ekwaluphaleni, uhlobo lwesibili lwesifo luvama ukukhula, futhi ezinganeni, ebusheni nasebasha, okuhlukile kakhulu kwalesi sifo uhlobo oluku-1 lwesifo sikashukela olune-autoimmune-insulin.
Izimpawu zeshukela elandisiwe zingaba ngamazinga ahlukene obulukhuni - ukusuka kokubuthakathaka nokubucayi kuya ekhefeni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- Izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni: umlomo owomile, ukoma njalo, ukukhuphuka komchamo, kufaka phakathi ebusuku, isikhumba esomile nolwelwesi lwama-mucous.
- Ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile, ikhanda nesiyezi, ukungasebenzi kahle.
- Ukulimazeka kokubonakalayo.
- Ukwehla kwesisindo ngokudla okwandayo.
- Ukupholisa inxeba isikhathi eside.
- Isikhumba se-Itchy, izinduna, i-furunculosis.
- Izifo ezitholakala njalo fungal, viral and bacteria.
Izinga eliphakeme le-glycemia lihambisana nokungazi kahle, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukubukeka kwephunga le-acetone emoyeni ophelile, kanye nokuphelelwa ngamandla komzimba.
Uma kungekho ukwelashwa okufanele, isiguli siwela ekhefini likashukela.
Isifo sikashukela kanye ne-prediabetes
Ukuqala kwesifo sikashukela kungaba yingozi lapho izimpawu zisheshe zikhuphukela ku-coma. Inkambo enjalo ivame kakhulu ohlotsheni 1 sikashukela. Ngohlobo lwesibili lwesifo, kungaba nesikhathi lapho isithombe sasemtholampilo sikhona noma izimpawu zibuthakathaka, zingadideka nezinye izifo eziningi.
Ukuze uxilonge kahle, udinga ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwezinga loshukela. Ukulimala kwe-carbohydrate metabolism kungabonakala ngokwanda kwe-glycemia ngaphezulu kwe-7 mmol / l, okwenza sikwazi ukusola i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela ngokuthola kabili imiphumela enjalo esiswini esingenalutho.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, kunqunywa ukunqunywa kushukela ngaphandle kwesidlo nokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated. Isifo sikashukela sibhekwa njengesiqinisekisiwe uma ukukalwa okungahleliwe kukhombisa i-glycemia ilingana noma ingaphezulu kuka-11 mmol / l, futhi i-glycated hemoglobin ingu-6.5% noma ngaphezulu kwenani eliphelele le-hemoglobin.
Isifo sikashukela sinqunywa kuphela ngezindlela zaselebhu. Izimpawu zokuhlonza lesi simo yilezi:
- Ukuzila ushukela okuyi-6 9 noma ngaphezulu ngo-5.5 mmol / L.
- Ukuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kusuka ku-6 kuye ku-6,5%.
- Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ngokulayisha kwe-glucose: ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, okujwayelekile kuvela ku-5.5 kuye ku-6.9 mmol / L, ngemuva kokuthatha isixazululo se-glucose ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 kusuka ku-7.8 kuya ku-11 mmol / L.
Ucwaningo olunjalo lwenziwa engcupheni yesifo sikashukela. Ziyaqhutshwa yiziguli ezinesifiso sokuthola ifa, abesifazane abaye bazala ingane enkulu enesisindo esingaphezu kuka-4,5 kg, futhi, futhi, uma ingane inokungalunganga, ukukhulelwa kwaqhubeka nokusongela kokungahambi kahle, i-hyperglycemia ne-glucosuria.
Abantu abahlushwa ukukhuluphala, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sezinzwa, izifo zesifo sezinso, izindunduma ze-bile, isibindi kanye namanyikwe, ngokuqhubeka kwenkambiso ye-furunculosis, ukutheleleka ngefungal kanye nesifo se-periodontal, abane-polyneuropathy yemvelaphi engaziwa, futhi nangemva kweminyaka engama-45, bathambekele ekuphazamisekeni kwe-carbohydrate metabolism. .
Izindlela Zokuvimbela Ushukela
Noma yikuphi ukwehla ushukela wegazi kudinga ukuzimisela kwembangela nezindlela zokuvimbela isifo sikashukela. Yini okufanele uyenze uma kutholakale isifo sikashukela? Ngosizo lwezinguquko zokuphila, ungabambezela isikhathi eside noma uqede ngokuphelele ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela seqiniso.
Okokuqala, izinguquko zithinta ukondleka. Ukusuka ekudleni udinga ukuqeda ngokuphelele ukudla okuqukethe kalula ama-carbohydrate angagaya ukudla. Lezi zonke izitsha nemikhiqizo enoshukela, ushukela, okuqukethwe kwesitashi okuphezulu: i-confectionery, ama-dessert e-cottage shizi, ama-yoghurts noshukela nezithelo, ujamu, u-ayisikhilimu, uju, iziphuzo ezifakiwe neziphuzo ze-carbonated.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, akukhuthazwa ukusebenzisa irayisi iphalishi, i-semolina, izitsha eziseceleni ezivela ku-pasta, amazambane, izaqathi ezibilisiwe kanye nama-beet kwimenyu. Izithelo ezimnandi, ubhanana, amagilebhisi, izinsuku, omisiwe kanye namaswidi alinganiselwe.
Ukudla okunempilo ekudleni kwesifo sikashukela kubandakanya amafutha wezilwane aphansi ekudleni. Ngakho-ke, ukuvinjelwa kufaka izinhlobo ezinonile ezinamafutha, inyama yenkukhu, inhlanzi nemikhiqizo yobisi, i-offal, i-oyela yokupheka, inyama ebhemayo, inhlanzi ekheniweyo nenyama, amasoseji anamafutha, imikhiqizo esetshenzisiwe.
Ukulungiselela ukudla kwabanesifo sikashukela kusetshenziswa:
- Izifundo zokuqala zemifino.
- Inyama enamafutha aphansi, izinkukhu noma inhlanzi kwifomu ebilisiwe noma eyisitshulu.
- Ukudla kwasolwandle.
- Isinkwa esiphelele sokusanhlamvu, i-rye noma i-bran.
- Amasaladi emifino emisha ngamafutha zemifino.
- Izitsha eziseceleni ze-buckwheat noma i-oatmeal ephelele.
- Imifino ebilisiwe: i-zucchini, i-broccoli, ukholifulawa, isitshalo seqanda. Ungadla uphizi oluhlaza nobhontshisi oluhlaza.
- Imikhiqizo yobisi kufanele ingabi ngamafutha, ngaphandle koshukela noma ama-preservatives.
Inkomba yesibili yokuvimbela ifaka ukwandisa izinga lomsebenzi womzimba. Noma yiluphi uhlobo lomthwalo lufanele lokhu, kucatshangelwa izinga lokuqala lokuqina nesimo sesistimu yenhliziyo. Kwanele ukwenza imizuzu engama-30 yokuhamba, ukubhukuda, yokuzivocavoca yezokwelapha, i-Pilates, i-aerobics noma i-yoga nsuku zonke ukunciphisa ingozi yesifo sikashukela ngama-30%.
Kubantu asebekhulile, ukuhamba nezinsizakalo ezilula zokuzivocavoca kunconyelwa, kufaka phakathi ukuzivocavoca ngokuphefumula, izingane kanye neziguli ezisencane zingakhetha noma yiluphi uhlobo lwemisebenzi yomdlalo, ukudansa, ukugijima, ukubhukuda.
Amakhambi e-Folk okwehlisa ushukela wegazi
Esigabeni se-prediabetes, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izitshalo zokwelapha ukulungiselela ama-infusions kanye nama-decoctions. Ama-phytopreparations anjalo angakhuphula ukusebenza kokudla kokudla futhi, ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwama-antioxidants kanye nezinhlanganisela ezinciphisa ushukela, yenza izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni zijwayelekile.
Izitshalo ezilandelayo zikhulisa amandla we-glucose ukungena ngaphakathi kwamaseli nokusetshenziswa kwawo kokusabela kokukhiqizwa kwe-biochemical ekukhiqizweni kwamandla: i-galega (imbuzi yembuzi), amaqabunga obhontshisi, amaqabunga e-blueberry nezithelo, ama -ononberry, amaqabunga e-bay, obomvu nama-aronia amajikijolo, amakhowe e-chaga. Ukuze ubuyisele ama-pancreas, sebenzisa imbewu yefilakisi kanye nezimpande zesisindo.
Izitshalo eziqukethe i-inulin zisebenza ngamazinga kashukela wegazi, njengoba kwenza i-insulin emzimbeni womuntu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: impande ye-chicory, i-elecampane, i-dandelion, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqembu alandelayo ezitshalo zokwelapha asetshenziswa:
- Ngezakhiwo ze-adaptogenic: i-eleutherococcus, i-rhodiola rosea, i-ginseng, i-lemongrass, i-zamaniha.
- Yandisa ukusabela kwama-receptors ku-insulin: i-saberfish, i-sage, i-arnica, amakhiwane.
- Kuqukethe i-zinc esetshenziselwe ukwakheka kwe-insulin: inyakatho yezinyoni, amaqabunga e-birch, ama-corn stigmas.
Ukuthi wenzeni ngoshukela ophezulu wegazi kuchazwe kule vidiyo kulesi sihloko.
