Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kuqukethe uhla lwezinyathelo ezihlose ukuqinisa amazinga kashukela egazi. Ngaphezu kokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa, lapho i-insulin ifakwe emzimbeni wesiguli, isakhi esibalulekile sokulawulwa kwezifo ukondleka okufanele.
Ngaphezu kokushintsha izinkomba zikashukela, ukudla uhlobo 1 nesifo sikashukela 2 kungavimbela ukukhula kwe-hypoglycemia (ukwehla okungazelelwe kweglucose yegazi). Ukudla okunjalo akusho ukuthi yindlala, kususelwa ekusetshenzisweni kokudla okunama-khalori aphansi aqukethe amaminerali amaningi namavithamini.
Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukwelashwa kokudla ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kukuvumela ukulawula lesi sifo futhi kuvame kakhulu ukufaka i-insulin, kubalulekile ngoba kusiza ukwehlisa isisindo. Lokhu kubalulekile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, esivame ukukhuluphala.
Kungani ukudla kubalulekile?
Ukudla kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 akunikezeli imikhawulo ebalulekile yokudla, ngaphandle koshukela nemikhiqizo lapho kuqukethwe. Kepha uma uhlanganisa imenyu, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele ukuba khona kwezifo ezilinganayo kanye nezinga lomsebenzi womzimba.
Kodwa-ke, kungani abaneshukela kufanele banamathele emithethweni ethile yokudla futhi badle ukudla okunesifo sikashukela? Ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye, iziguli zidinga ukujova i-insulin. Ukushoda kwama-hormone noma ukweqisa kwakhe emzimbeni kuholela ekuwohlokeni kwenhlala-kahle yomuntu futhi kubangela ukukhula kwezinkinga.
Imiphumela yokuntuleka kokulawulwa kwezifo yi-hyperglycemia ne-hypoglycemia. Isimo sokuqala senzeka lapho i-insulin ingenaso isikhathi sokucubungula ama-carbohydrate kanye nokuqhekeka kwamafutha namaprotheni, ngenxa yalokho kwakheka ama-ketones. Ngoshukela omningi, isiguli sinenkinga yezimpawu ezimbalwa ezingemnandi (ukuguquguquka, ukulahlekelwa amandla, izinhlungu zamehlo, isicanucanu, umfutho wegazi ophakeme), futhi uma kungekho zindlela eziphuthumayo zokwelapha, zingawela enkingeni.
Nge-hypoglycemia (ukwehla kokuxineka kwe-glucose), imizimba ye-ketone nayo yakhiwa emzimbeni, ongabangelwa ukweqiwa kwe-insulin, indlala, ukwanda komzimba nokuphelelwa ngamandla komzimba. I-complication ibonakala ngokushiswa, ubuthakathaka, isiyezi, ukufiphala kwesikhumba.
Nge-hypoglycemia enzima, ukulaliswa esibhedlela isiguli kuyadingeka, ngoba kungenzeka iwele ihlombe futhi ife.
Yini ukubaluleka kwama-carbohydrate kanye neyunithi yesinkwa ekudleni kwesifo sikashukela?
Imenyu yansuku zonke yesifo sikashukela sanoma yiluphi uhlobo kufanele ibe namaprotheni, amafutha (20-25%) kanye nama-carbohydrate (aze afike ku-60%). Ukuze ushukela wegazi ungavuki, izazi zokudla azikukhuthazi ukudla ukudla okuthosiwe, okunezipayisi nokunamafutha. Lo mthetho ubalulekile ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela abahlushwa yizifo zamathumbu esiswini.
Kepha ucwaningo ngosuku lwesifo sikashukela lwembula ukuthi amanani amancane amakha nezinongo avunyelwe i-hyperglycemia engalapheki. Kepha ama-carbohydrate asheshayo awadli ngesifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukuqonda ukuthi ayini ama-carbohydrate nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ahlukaniswe ngazo.
Eqinisweni, i-carbohydrate ushukela. Uhlobo lwayo luhlukaniswa ngejubane le-digestibility ngumzimba. Kunezinhlobo ezinjalo zama-carbohydrate:
- Kancane. Kucutshungulwa emzimbeni ngemizuzu engama-40-60, ngaphandle kokubanga ukuguquguquka okungazelelwe futhi okunamandla kushukela egazini. Kuqukethe izithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu nokunye ukudla okune-fiber, pectin kanye nesitashi.
- Ukugaya kalula. Zijwalwa ngumzimba ngemizuzu engu-5-25, ngenxa yalokho izinga leshukela egazini likhuphuka ngokushesha. Zitholakala izithelo ezimnandi, ushukela, uju, ubhiya, amakhekhe kanye namakhekhe.
Okubaluleke kangako ekwakheni imenyu yesifo sikashukela ukubalwa kwamayunithi esinkwa, okukuvumela ukuthi uthole ukuthi yikuphi ukuqoqwa kwama-carbohydrate kumkhiqizo othile. I-XE eyodwa ngamagremu ayi-12 kashukela noma amagremu angama-25 esinkwa esimhlophe. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bangadla amayunithi esinkwa angama-2,5 ngosuku.
Ukuqonda ukuthi ungadla kanjani kahle ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele izici zokuphathwa kwe-insulin, ngoba ukusebenza kwawo kuya ngesikhathi sosuku. Inani elidingekayo le-hormone lokucubungula ushukela olutholakala ku-1 XE ekuseni ngu-2, ekudleni kwasemini - 1.5, kusihlwa - 1. Ukuze kube lula ukubala i-XE, kusetshenziswa itafula elikhethekile, elibonisa amayunithi esinkwa emikhiqizo eminingi.
Imikhiqizo ewusizo futhi eyingozi yesifo sikashukela
Kusukela kulokhu okungenhla, kuyacaca ukuthi ungadla futhi uphuze labo abanesifo sikashukela. Ukudla okuvunyelwe kungukudla kwe-carb ephansi, okubandakanya okusanhlamvu okugcwele, isinkwa se-rye kanye nokufakwa kwe-bran, okusanhlamvu (i-buckwheat, i-oatmeal), i-pasta esezingeni eliphakeme.
Kuyasiza futhi kwabanesifo sikashukela ukuthi badle imifino, isobho elinamafutha amancane noma umhluzi namaqanda, kodwa kanye ngosuku. Imikhiqizo enconyiwe ubisi olunamafutha aphansi, i-kefir, ikhekhe ushizi, ushizi, ukhilimu omuncu, okuphekwe kulo ushizi we-cottage shizi, ama-casseroles nama-pancake e-cottage shizi.
Futhi yikuphi ukudla abangakudla abanesifo sikashukela ukuze babe kancane? Uhlu lokudla okunjalo luholwa yimifino (izaqathe, iklabishi, izimbotshana, ithanga, upelepele lwentsimbi, isitshalo seqanda, ukhukhamba, i-zucchini, utamatisi) nemifino. Amazambane angadliwa, kepha kancane ekuseni.
Okunye ukudla okunconywayo kohlobo lweshukela sikashukela amajikijolo omuncu nezithelo:
- ama-sitrobheli asendle;
- quince;
- i-lingonberry;
- ikhabe;
- umlotha wasentabeni;
- ama-apula
- raspberries;
- izithelo ezisawolintshi;
- Ama-cranberry
- UCherry
- ama-currants;
- peach;
- ihalananda;
- iplamu.
Yini enye ongayidla nesifo sikashukela? Ukudla okuvunyelwe okufanele kufakwe ekudleni yizinhlanzi ezinciphile (i-pike perch, i-hake, i-tuna, i-cod) nenyama (i-turkey, inyama yenkomo, inkukhu, unogwaja).
Ukudla okumnandi kwe-confectionery kuvunyelwe ukudliwa, kepha ngobuningi obunqunyelwe kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni sikashukela. Amafutha avunyelwe - imifino ne bhotela, kepha aze afike ku-10 g ngosuku.
Njengoba unesifo sikashukela, ungaphuza amakhambi, amnyama, itiye eluhlaza nekhofi engenawo ushukela. Amanzi amaminerali angenawo amakhabhoni, ujusi wamatamatisi, umhluzi we-rosehip anconyiwe. Ijusi noma ama-compotes kusuka amajikijolo omuncu nezithelo kuvunyelwe.
Futhi yini abanesifo sikashukela abangayidli? Ngalesi sifo, kwenqatshelwe ukudla i-confectionery kanye ne-khekhe. Iziguli ezithembele e-insulin azidli ushukela, uju namaswidi aqukethe zona (ujamu, u-ayisikhilimu, amaswidi, ushokoledi, imigoqo yamaswidi).
Inyama enamafutha (iwundlu, ingulube, i-goose, idada), inyama ebhemayo, inhlanzi eshisiwe nenosawoti - le mikhiqizo yesifo sikashukela nayo ayinconywa. Ukudla akufanele kuthosiwe futhi kunamafutha, ngakho-ke amafutha wezilwane, iyogathi, ukhilimu omuncu, ubisi olubhakwe, isinqe, isinqe kanye nomhluzi ocebile kuzodingeka kushiywe
Yini engeke idliwe ngabantu abathembele i-insulin ngamanani amakhulu? Okunye ukudla okwenqatshelwe sikashukela:
- ukudla okulula
- irayisi, i-semolina, i-pasta esezingeni eliphansi;
- izinongo ezinamakha;
- ukulondolozwa;
- izithelo ezimnandi nezithelo ezomile (ubhanana, amagilebhisi, amakhiwane, izinsuku, ama-Persimmons).
Kodwa hhayi kuphela ukudla okungenhla okuvunyelwe. Okunye ukudla kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kubandakanya ukwenqatshwa kotshwala, ikakhulukazi utshwala, ubhiya newayini le-dessert.
Imithetho yokudla nemenyu eyisampula
Ukudla kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 akukhona nje ukudla ukudla okuvunyiwe kokudla. Kubalulekile futhi ukunamathela ekudleni ngokucophelela.
Kufanele kube nezidlakudla ezingama-5-6 ngosuku. Inani lokudla - izingxenye ezincane.
Isidlakela sokugcina kungenzeka kungakashayi i-8 pm. Ukudla akufanele kweqiwe, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ku-hypoglycemia, ikakhulukazi uma isiguli sihlaselwe i-insulin.
Njalo ekuseni udinga ukukala ushukela. Uma ukondliwa kwemitholampilo kohlobo lwe-1 yesifo sikashukela kuhlanganiswa ngokufanele futhi zonke izincomo ziyalandelwa, khona-ke ukugcwala kweglucose egazini le-sutra ngaphambi kokujova kwe-insulin akufanele kudlule i-6 mmol / L.
Uma ukugcwala ushukela kuyinto evamile, ibhulakufesi livunyelwe imizuzu eyi-10-20 emva kokuphathwa kwehomoni. Lapho amanani eglucose engu-8-10 mmol / l, isidlo sidluliselwa ihora, ukuze ukwanelisa indlala asebenzisa isaladi ngemifino noma nge-apula.
Ngokwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, akudingekile nje ukulandela isidlo, kepha ngokusekelwe ekudleni, lungisa umthamo we-insulin. Inani le-carbohydrate elichithwayo lithinta inani lemithi elungiselelwe.
Uma kusetshenziswa i-insulin esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, lapho-ke ihlotshwa kabili ngosuku (ngemuva kokuvuka, ngaphambi kokulala). Ngalolu hlobo lokwelashwa kwe-insulin, kuboniswa ibhulakufesi lokuqala elikhanyayo, ngoba i-hormone elawulwa kusihlwa selivele lisebenza ukusebenza.
Amahora ama-4 emva komjovo wasekuseni we-insulin uvunyelwe ukuthi udle uvalwe. Isidlo sokuqala kufanele futhi sikhanye, futhi ngemuva kokujova umuthi ungadla okwenelisa ngokwengeziwe.
Uma uhlobo lwama-hormone afana ne-insulin ende, olufakwa emzimbeni kanye ngosuku, lusetshenziswa ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela, insulin kumele isetshenziswe usuku lonke. Ngale ndlela yokwelashwa kwe-insulin, ukudla okuyinhloko kungaba mnene, futhi ukudla okulula kungakhanya, ngakho-ke isiguli ngeke sizizwe silambile.
Okubaluleke ngokufanayo ekujuleni kwamazinga kashukela ngumdlalo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kokwelashwa kwe-insulin nokudla, ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela 1, kufanele uvivinye umzimba noma uhambe ngezinyawo imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
Kulabo abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, ukudla kosuku olulodwa kubukeka kanjena:
- Ibhulakufesi. Iporridge, itiye elingena esikhundleni sikashukela, isinkwa.
- Isidlo sasemini Amakhukhi ka-Galetny noma i-apula eluhlaza.
- Isidlo sasemini Isaladi yemifino, isinkwa, iklabishi elihanjisiwe, isobho, usike wesipuni.
- Isidlakela santambama. Ijusi yezithelo, i-herbal tea engafisi ushizi wekhishini.
- Ukudla kwakusihlwa Inyama ebilisiwe noma inhlanzi, imifino.
- Isidlo sakusihlwa sesibili. Ingilazi ye-kefir.
Futhi, kwisifo sikashukela sobunzima obungu-1, kunconywa ukudla ukudla okunesisindo esingu-9. Ngokwemithetho yayo, ukudla kwansuku zonke kubukeka kanjena: ibhulakufesi ubisi olunamafutha amancane, ushizi wekhishi netiyi ngaphandle koshukela. Ngaphambi kokudla, ungaphuza ingilazi yamanzi ahlanzekile nge-ulamula.
Ukudla kwasekuseni, iphalishi lebhali elinogwaja, inyama yenkomo noma yenkukhu. Ngesikhathi sokudla kwasemini, ungadla i-borsch yemifino, inyama ebilisiwe, i-soy noma izithelo ne-berry jelly.
Iwolintshi noma i-apula kufanelekile njengesidleke. Ukudla kwakusihlwa okuhle bekuzoba inhlanzi ebhakwe, isaladi eneklabishi kanye nezaqathi ezinongwa ngamafutha omnqumo. Kabili ngosuku ungaphuza iziphuzo futhi udle ama-dessert nge-sweeteners (i-sucrose, i-fructose).
Kusebenzisa uhlu lwemikhiqizo evunyelwe, umuntu onesifo sikashukela angadala imenyu ngesonto. Kepha kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ngenkathi ulandela ukudla awukwazi ukuphuza utshwala neziphuzo ezinoshukela.
Izici zokudla kwezingane
Uma isifo sikashukela sitholakele enganeni, khona-ke ukudla kwayo kuzodingeka kushintshwe. Odokotela batusa ukushintshela ekudleni okulinganiselayo, lapho inani lansuku zonke lama-carbohydrate lingeqi i-60%. Inketho enhle kakhulu yokwelashwa kokudla ekwelashweni kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ezinganeni kudla ngo-9.
Ngokuvamile amaswidi wezingane asetshenziswa kakhulu njengoshokoledi, ukulondolozwa, ama-roll, imigoqo kaswidi, amakhekhe namakhekhe engane enesifo sikashukela. Ngokwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, zonke izinsuku zezingane, imenyu yenziwa ngezitsha ezivela emifino (izaqathe, ukhukhamba, iklabishi, utamatisi), inyama ebusayo (inkukhu, i-veal), inhlanzi (ukhokho, i-tuna, i-hake, i-pollock),
Ezithelo namajikijolo, kunconywa ukondla ingane ngama-apula, amapetshisi, ama-sitrobheli, ama-raspberries, ama-cherries. Futhi lapho usalungiselela izingane ukudla okuphekiwe, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ama-sweeteners (i-sorbitol, i-fructose),
Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthi ushintshe ingane yakho ekudleni okuphansi kwe-carb, udinga ukulungisa izinga le-glycemia. Kufanelekile futhi ukuvikela izingane ekuzikhandlekeni okukhulu ngokomzimba nasekucindezelweni. Kunconywa ukuthi imisebenzi yezemidlalo ifakwe ezinhlelweni zansuku zonke lapho isiguli sivumelana ngokuphelele nokudla okusha.
Futhi yini okufanele ibe yisondlo ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ezinsaneni? Kunconywa ukuthi ingane inikezwe ubisi lwebele okungenani unyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Uma i-lactation ingenzeki ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, ukuxubana nge-glucose okuhlushwa okusetshenzisiwe kuyasetshenziswa.
Kubalulekile futhi ukulandela irejimeni yokondla. Izingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala zinikezwa ukudla okuphelelisanayo ngokwephethini ethile. Ekuqaleni, imenyu yayo inamajusi nemifino ecubuziwe. Futhi bazama ukufaka okusanhlamvu ekudleni kwe-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kamuva.
Imigomo yokwelashwa kokudla isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ichazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
