Njalo ekuseni, umzimba womuntu uvuka, okhonjiswa ngama-hormone athile. Ephuzwini elithile ekuseni, umphumela osebenzayo we-insulin eglucose uyacindezelwa ukuze kwakheke uphawu lokuthi ukuvuka kuqala.
Ushukela ungakhuphuka kakhulu usuka ezine kuya kweyisikhombisa ekuseni. Ushukela ophakeme kakhulu uvame ukubangelwa ukukhululwa kweglucose eyengeziwe esibindini.
Ngenxa yezinqubo ezinjalo, umzimba womuntu ungena esimeni sokuphaphama futhi uqalise ukusebenza ngamandla. Umuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele azi ukuthi kungani ushukela wegazi ujwayelekile kusihlwa futhi uphakanyiswe ekuseni.
Amanani asunguliwe
Kwezokwelapha, ushukela wegazi kubhekwa njengento ebalulekile yokuxilonga. Udinga ukwazi ngezinkomba zayo nganoma isiphi iminyaka. Lapho ushukela ungena emzimbeni womuntu, uguqulwa ube ushukela. Kusetshenziswa ushukela, amandla agcwele amaseli wobuchopho nezinye izinhlelo.
Ushukela ojwayelekile kumuntu ophile kahle esiswini esingenalutho usebangeni le-3.2 - 5.5 mmol / L. Ngemuva kokudla kwasemini, ngokudla okujwayelekile, ushukela ungashintsha futhi ufinyelele ku-7.8 mmol / h, lokhu kuyaqashelwa njengokujwayelekile. Lawa mazinga abalwa ekuhlolweni kwegazi kusuka ngomunwe.
Uma ukuhlolwa kweshukela kwegazi esiswini esingenalutho kwenziwa ngocingo oluvela emthanjeni, khona-ke isibalo sizophakama kancane. Kulokhu, ushukela wegazi ophakeme kubhekwa ukuthi uqhamuka ku-6.1 mmol / L.
Lapho imiphumela ibonakala ingathembeki ngokwanele, udinga ukunakekela izindlela ezengeziwe zokuxilonga. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukubonana nodokotela ukuze uthole ukuhanjiswa ngokuhlolwa kwelebhu evela emunweni nakwavemthanjeni.
Imvamisa kwenziwa i-glycosylated hemoglobin test. Lolu cwaningo lukuvumela ukuthi unqume izinkomba eziphambili ngokuqondene nezinga le-glucose, kufaka nokuthi kungani iphakeme ezikhathini ezithile.
Ngohlobo 1 sikashukela, izinga likashukela ngaphambi kokudla kufanele libe ngu-4-7 mmol / L, kanye namahora ama-2 ngemuva kokudla - ngaphezu kuka-8.5 mmol / L. Kuhlobo 2 sikashukela, ushukela ngaphambi kokudla uvame ukuba yi-4-7 mmol / L, kuthi ngemuva kokudla kuphezulu kuno-9 mmol / L. Uma ushukela ungama-10 mmol / l noma ngaphezulu, lokhu kubonisa ukwanda kwe-pathology.
Uma inkomba ingaphezu kwe-7 mmol / l, singakhuluma ngohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela esikhona.
Ingozi yokwehlisa ushukela
Imvamisa glucose wehla. Lokhu kubalulekile ukubonakaliswa kokungasebenzi kahle emzimbeni njengezinga le-glucose ephezulu.
Kuyadingeka ukuthola izimbangela zalezi zinkinga. Izimpawu ziyavela uma ushukela ngemuva kokudla ungama-5 mmol / L noma ngaphansi.
Lapho kukhona isifo sikashukela i-mellitus, ushukela onganele usongela ngemiphumela emibi. Izimpawu ezivelele zalesi sifo:
- indlala engapheli
- ukuncipha kwezwi nokukhathala,
- izithukuthuku eziningi
- ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo
- ukudinwa okungapheli kwezindebe.
Uma ushukela ukhuphuka ekuseni futhi unciphe kusihlwa, futhi isimo esinjalo senzeka njalo, khona-ke, umphumela wobuchopho obujwayelekile bomuntu bungaphazamiseka.
Ukusuka ekuntuleni kashukela emzimbeni, amandla okusebenza okuvamile kobuchopho alahlekile, futhi umuntu akakwazi ukusebenzisana ngokwanele nezwe langaphandle. Uma ushukela ungama-5 mmol / L noma ngaphansi, khona-ke umzimba womuntu awukwazi ukubuyisa isimo sawo. Lapho izinga lehliswa kakhulu, ukuvela kungabakhona, futhi kwezinye izimo kuba nemiphumela ebulalayo.
Kungani kuphakama ushukela
I-glucose ayikhuphuki ngaso sonke isikhathi ngenxa yesifo sikashukela noma ezinye izifo ezingathi sína. Uma sikhuluma ngezizathu eziphambili zokuthi kungani ushukela ukhula, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka nakubantu abaphilile ngokuphelele. Ukwanda ushukela ekuseni kuqoshwa ngenxa yezinguquko ezithile zomzimba.
Kwezinye izikhathi kungaba nezimo lapho ukwehla noma ukwanda kwe-glucose egazini kudingekile. Lokhu kujwayelekile ngosuku oluthile kuphela lapho kunesimo esibi ngokweqile. Ukukhipha kungokwesikhashana futhi akunayo imiphumela emibi.
Ushukela wegazi uzokhuphuka uma kunezinguquko ezilandelayo:
- ukuzikhandla ngamandla, ukuqeqeshwa noma umsebenzi, okungahlukani nekhono,
- ukusebenza kwengqondo isikhathi eside,
- izimo ezisongela impilo
- umuzwa wokwesaba okukhulu nokwesaba,
- ukucindezela okukhulu.
Zonke lezi zizathu zingezesikhashana, izinga likashukela wegazi lijwayelekile ngokushesha emva kokuqedwa kwalezi zinto. Uma ezimweni ezinjalo i-glucose inyuka noma iwa, lokhu akusho ukuba khona kwezifo ezinzima. Lokhu kungukuvikela komzimba, okuwusiza ukuba unqobe ubunzima futhi ugcine isimo sezitho nezinhlelo zilawulwa.
Kunezizathu ezingathi sína lapho amazinga kashukela eshintsha ngenxa yezinqubo ze-pathological emzimbeni. Lapho ushukela ngesikhathi sokuhlaziywa esiswini esingenalutho kungaphezu kokujwayelekile, kufanele sincishiswe ngaphansi kokubhekwa udokotela.
Kunezinhlobo ezithile zezifo ezithinta amazinga aphezulu kashukela ekuseni nangezinye izikhathi zosuku:
- isithuthwane
- unhlangothi
- ukulimala kwengqondo
- uyasha
- ukwethuka kobuhlungu
- i-myocardial infarction
- imisebenzi
- amafractures
- i-pathology yesibindi.
Umkhuba wokusa kokusa
I-Syndrome noma umkhuba wokusa kokusa ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela uvame ukubonwa ngesikhathi sokuthomba, lapho kwenzeka ushintsho lwamahomoni. Kwezinye izimo, lesi sifo sisemdala, ngakho kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi wenzeni.
Umzimba womuntu wenziwe ngendlela yokuthi ekuseni amanye ama-hormone akhiqizwe ngokwengeziwe. I-hormone yokukhula nayo iyakhula, inani eliphakeme laso libonakala ekuseni kakhulu ekuseni. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokulala, i-insulin ekhishwe ibhujiswa ebusuku.
I-Morning Dawn Syndrome iyimpendulo yombuzo wabanoshukela abaningi ukuthi kungani ushukela uphakeme ekuseni kunasebusuku noma ntambama.
Ukunquma isifo sokusa kokusa, udinga ukukala amazinga kashukela njalo uhhafu wehora phakathi kuka-3 no-5 ekuseni. Ngalesi sikhathi, umsebenzi wohlelo lwe-endocrine usebenza kakhulu, ngakho-ke izinga likashukela liphakeme kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.
Imvamisa, ushukela wegazi esiswini esingenalutho uphakathi kuka-7,8 no-8 mmol / L. Lesi yisinkomba esamukelwa ngokuvamile esingabangeli ukukhathazeka. Unganciphisa ubukhulu benkathi yokusa kokusa uma ushintsha uhlelo lonke lomjovo. Ukuze uvikele isimo lapho ushukela wasekuseni usephezulu, unganikeza umjovo we-insulin ende isikhathi eside phakathi kwamahora angama-22:30 no-23:00.
Ukulwa nokwenzeka kokuntwela kokusa, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ezisebenza ngamafuphi, ezinikezwa cishe ngo-4 ekuseni. Ukushintsha irejimeni yokwelashwa kwe-insulin kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela.
Le nto ingabonakala kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi. Kulokhu, ushukela kungenzeka ukhuphuke phakathi nosuku.
I-Somoji syndrome kanye nokwelashwa kwayo
ISomoji syndrome ichaza ukuthi kungani ushukela wegazi ukhuphuka ekuseni. Lesi simo sakhiwa njengokuphendula emazingeni aphansi kashukela owenzeka ebusuku. Umzimba uzimela ukhulule ushukela egazini, okuholela ekwandeni koshukela.
I-Somoji syndrome yenzeka ngenxa yokweqisa kwe-insulin. Imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka lapho umuntu elimaza kakhulu lo mkhiqizo kusihlwa ngaphandle kwesinxephezelo esenele sama-carbohydrate.
Lapho imithamo emikhulu ye-insulin igxotshwa, ukuqala kwe-hypoglycemia kuyisici esibonakalayo. Umzimba uchaza lesi simo njengosongela impilo.
Amanani amaningi we-insulin emzimbeni kanye ne-hypoglycemia aholela ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone ama-anti-hormone abangela i-rebound hyperglycemia. Ngakho-ke, umzimba uxazulula inkinga kashukela omncane wegazi ngokubonisa ukuphendula kwe-insulin ngokweqile.
Ukuthola i-Somoji syndrome, kufanele ulinganise izinga le-glucose ngo-2-3 am. Endabeni yenkomba ephansi ngalesi sikhathi kanye nenkomba ephezulu ekuseni, singakhuluma ngomphumela womphumela weSomoji. Ngezinga le-glucose elijwayelekile noma eliphakeme kunelijwayelekile ebusuku, amazinga kashukela aphezulu ekuseni akhombisa ukwenzeka kokusa kokusa.
Kulezi zimo, kubalulekile ukuguqula inani le-insulin, imvamisa udokotela liyinciphisa ngo-15%.
Kunzima ngokwengeziwe ukubhekana neSomoji syndrome, ngoba ukwehlisa umthamo we-insulin kungenzeka kungasisizi ngokushesha isifo sikashukela.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona
Uma amafutha nama-carbohydrate adliwa ngamanani amakhulu kwasemini nakusihlwa, khona-ke ekuseni ushukela uzonyuswa kakhulu. Ukushintsha indlela odla ngayo kunganciphisa ushukela wakho wasekuseni, kanye nokugwema ukulungisa ukugcwala kwakho kwe-insulin nezinye izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela.
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin bangathola amazinga aphezulu kashukela lapho bejovwe ngokungalungile. Kuyadingeka ukunamathela emithethweni emisiwe, isibonelo, ukufaka imijovo ye-insulin ende ethangeni noma ethangeni. Ukufakwa kwemithi enjalo esiswini kuholela ekunciphiseni kwesikhathi somuthi, kunciphisa ukusebenza kwawo.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ushintshe njalo indawo yemijovo. Ngakho-ke, izivikelo eziqinile ezivimba i-hormone ukuthi zingagxiliwa ngokuvamile zingagwenywa. Lapho uphatha i-insulin, kubalulekile ukugoqa isikhumba.
Amazinga kashukela aphezulu kakhulu ajwayelekile kusifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Kulokhu, uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi lungathinteka. Lokhu kufakazelwa yizimpawu zezimpawu eziningi:
- ukwehluleka
- ukuncipha kokukhaliphile okuyisisekelo,
- ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi wezinzwa.
Ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwesifo sikashukela noma ukugcina izinkomba zikashukela kulawulwa, kufanele unamathele ekudleni okwelaphayo, ugweme ukucindezelwa ngokokuziphatha futhi uphile impilo esebenzayo.
Uma umuntu eseqinisekisile uhlobo lwe-1 mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ukhonjiswa ukuphathwa kwe-insulin yangaphandle. Ukwelashwa kohlobo lwesibili lwesifo sokuwa ngokulinganisela, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ye-pancreatic.
Imiphumela yokufika kweshukela egazini ephansi yile:
- ukwehla kwamandla okubuka,
- ukudideka esikhaleni,
- ukuqina kokuhlushwa.
Kuyaphuthuma ukwandisa izinga likashukela uma isimo sihlala isikhathi eside. Lesi simo siholela ekulimaleni kwengqondo okungenakuguqulwa.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe
Imvamisa kufanele uthathe izilinganiso ngokwakho, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Ukwenza izilinganiso zibe sobala ngangokunokwenzeka, udinga ukugcina idayari lapho uqopha khona zonke izinkomba zoshukela, imenyu yansuku zonke nenani lezidakamizwa ezisetshenzisiwe.
Ngakho-ke, izinga likashukela liqashwa ngesikhathi ngasinye sokuphumula, futhi kungenzeka ukubona ukusebenza kahle kwemithamo yemithi.
Ukuvimbela ushukela ekukhuleni, kumele ube ngaphansi kokuqokwa udokotela wakho njalo. Ukubonisana njalo kuzosiza ukulungisa ukusilela kokwelashwa futhi kuxwayise ngokuqanjwa kwezinkinga eziyingozi.
Isiguli singathenga ne-omnipod insulin pump, esiza ukuguqulwa kwezidakamizwa nokuphathwa kwazo.
Izimbangela ze-hyperglycemia kuxoxwa ngazo kule vidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
