Ukhuluphele kanye noshukela kubukeka njengemiqondo ehlobene. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda se-pathology engalapheki yohlobo lwe-2, izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni ziyaphazamiseka, ngakho-ke wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela uyindathane noma unamaphawundi angeziwe.
Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile ngesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin (uhlobo 1) kuyisifo. Lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-pathology yabancane nabancane, ngoba ngobuningi bezithombe zomtholampilo sitholakala ebusheni noma eminyakeni yobudala.
Kodwa-ke, uhlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela siqala ukukhula ngokuqinile eminyakeni edlule ngenxa yempilo yokungasebenzi, izindlela zokudla ezingezinhle, ukuphathwa kwe-insulin, nokusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile, ngakho-ke umbuzo uwukuthi unciphisa kanjani isisindo ngohlobo 1 sikashukela?
Ngakho-ke, cabanga ukuthi wehlisa kanjani isisindo ngohlobo 2 sikashukela? Okudingayo ukuthi udle ini, futhi yini okuvinjelwe ngokuphelele ukuba kudliwe? Ngabe iziguli zehlisa kanjani i-insulin? Sizophendula yonke le mibuzo esihlokweni.
Izimbangela zokunciphisa umzimba kanye nokunciphisa isisindo sikashukela
Njengoba sekuphawuliwe, kwezokwelapha, uhlobo 1 noma isifo sikashukela esijwayele ukuhlangana nazo, noma kunjalo, izinhlobo ezithile ziyahlukaniswa - iLada neModi. I-nuance ilele ngokufana kwabo nezinhlobo ezimbili zokuqala, ngakho odokotela bavame ukwenza amaphutha ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa.
Ngoshukela wohlobo loku-1, iziguli zincanyana futhi zinesikhumba esikhanyayo. Lokhu kwenzeka kungenxa yokucaciswa kwezilonda ezi-pancreatic. Ngesikhathi sokugula okungamahlalakhona, amaseli we-beta abhujiswa ngama-antibodies awo, okuholela ekuntulekeni okuphelele noma okuphathelene ne-insulin ye-hormone emzimbeni.
Yile hormone ebhekene nesisindo somzimba womuntu. Lesi simo se-pathological sihunyushwa ngokuthi i-pathology, izimbangela zazo ezilandelayo:
- I-hormone ibhekene nokufakwa kweglue emzimbeni womuntu. Uma kutholakala ukuthi kukhona ukushoda, ushukela wegazi uyanqwabelana, kepha izicubu ezithambile “zibulawa yindlala”, umzimba awunantengo yamandla, okuholela ekunciphiseni isisindo nokukhathala.
- Lapho ukusebenza kwendlela ejwayelekile yokuhlinzeka ngezinto ezidingekayo kuphazamiseka, inqubo ehlukile yethulwa. Yini eholela ekuqhekekeni kwama-deposits amanoni, "ashiswa" ngokoqobo, isimo se-hyperglycemic senzeka, kepha njengoba kungekho-insulin, ushukela uqongelela egazini.
Lapho amaphuzu amabili achazwe ngenhla ehlanganiswa, umzimba awusakwazi ukubuyisa ngokuzimele inani elifunekayo lezinto ezinamaprotheni nama-lipids, okuholela ku-cachexia, ukwehla kwesisindo kwenzeka nge-mellitus yesifo sikashukela.
Uma ungasinaki lesi simo futhi ungaqali ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, kuphakama inkinga engaphenduki - Isifo sokuhluleka kwezitho eziningi.
Zonke lezi zimbangela zinquma ukuvela kwesifo sikashukela; i-pallor ingumphumela we-anemia kanye nokulahleka kwamaprotheni egazi. Akunakwenzeka ukuphakamisa isisindo kuze kube yilapho i-glycemia izinza.
Ngokugula okuzimele kwe-insulin, okuphambene nalokho kuyiqiniso, ukutholakala kwesisindo kwenzeka ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ukuthambekela okuphansi kwezicubu ezithambile emiphumeleni ye-insulin kutholakele, kwesinye isikhathi ukugxilwa kwayo egazini kuhlala kunjalo noma kukhuphuke.
Lesi simo se-pathological siholela kulezi zinguquko ezilandelayo:
- I-glucose egazini iyakhuphuka.
- Amalungu amakhulu amasha anamafutha ayabambezeleka.
- Ukwanda kwesisindo somzimba esiphelele ngenxa yama-lipids.
Umphumela uba umbuthano onobubi. Isisindo somzimba esengeziwe sandisa ukungatheleleki kwezicubu kwi-insulin, futhi ukwanda kwe-hormone egazini kuholela ekukhulupheni.
Umgomo oyinhloko wesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ukwenza amaseli we-beta asebenze ngokugcwele, aqaphele i-hormone futhi ayidle.
Indima yezidingo ze-fiber nezokudla
Isifo "esimnandi" sivusa ukwephulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism emzimbeni, ngakho-ke sonke isiguli esifuna ukuthola impendulo yombuzo: ukunciphisa isisindo sikashukela, kufanele sikuqonde ukuthi sidinga i-fiber fiber ngesilinganiso esidingekayo.
Inikezela ngokudla okungcono kwama-carbohydrate, isiza ukunciphisa ukumuncwa kwalezi zinto emgodini we-gastrointestinal, yehlisa ukugcwala kwe-glucose kumchamo nasegazini, futhi kusize ukusula kwemithambo yegazi yobuthi ne-cholesterol.
Ukunciphisa isisindo etafuleni lesiguli, i-fiber kumele ibe khona ngaphandle kokuhluleka futhi ngevolumu eyanele. Izinto zokudla zefayibha ezingena esiswini ziqala ukudumba, okuqinisekisa ukugcwala isikhathi eside.
Ukuthuthukiswa komphumela kubonakala kulezo zimo lapho izitshalo ze-fiber kanye nama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi ahlanganiswa khona. Ukudla kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kanti okokuqala kufaka imifino ehlukahlukene, kufanele kube okungenani ama-30% wayo yonke imenyu.
Kunconywa ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamazambane, ngaphambi kokupheka kufanele kufakwe emanzini ukuze kuqedwe isitashi. Ama-beet, izaqathe, uphizi omnandi awudliwa ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa ngosuku, ngoba unama-carbohydrate amaningi ashesha ukugaya.
Ukwehlisa isisindo sikashukela, ukudla kuthathwa njengesisekelo sokudla okulinganiselayo nokunokulinganisela: ukhukhamba, utamatisi, isitshalo seqanda, isikwashi, isithombo, udoti. Ungadla isinkwa, kepha ngesilinganiso esincane, ukhetha imikhiqizo ephelele yokusanhlamvu, ngokusekelwe kufulawa we-rye noma ngokufakwa kwe-bran.
Kumabele, inani elikhulu le-cellulose, elilusizo ezigulini. Ngakho-ke, kuvunyelwe ukudla i-buckwheat, ibhali le-pearl, i-oatmeal ne-porridge yommbila. Ilayisi ne-semolina akufakiwe ekudleni izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ngesonto.
Ukwehla kwesisindo sikashukela kuwumsebenzi onzima, ngakho isiguli kufanele silandele izincomo ezilandelayo:
- Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 zidinga ukulandela indlela yokudla ephansi. Kuvunyelwe ukungadli ama-kilocalories angama-30 ngosuku ngokususelwa ku-kilogram eyodwa yesisindo somzimba.
- Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kufanele zilandele ukudla okune-kilojoule, kuvunyelwe ukudla amakhilogremu angama-20-25 ngekhilogremu ngayinye yesisindo somzimba. Lolu hlobo lokudla lisho ukungafakwa kwakho konke ukudla okugcwele ama-carbohydrate asheshayo.
- Akunandaba nokuthi hlobo luni lwesifo “esimnandi”, isiguli kufanele sidle ngokwezinga elithile, ngokufanele kube nokudla okuyi-3 okuyinhloko, ukudla okulula okungu-2-3.
- Ukuzilolonga kukhombisa ukuthi inqubo yokulahlekelwa isisindo iyinkimbinkimbi impela ngenxa yemikhawulo eminingi, kepha uma unamathela kumenyu eqinile ngaphandle kokwehla, wehlisa isisindo.
- Etafuleni kufanele kube nemikhiqizo ekhona eyacetshiswa ngefayibha yemvelaphi yezitshalo.
- Kuzo zonke izinto ezidliwayo ezinamafutha ngosuku, ama-50% angamafutha emifino.
- Umzimba udinga ukuhlinzeka wonke umsoco wokusebenza okujwayelekile - amavithamini, amaminerali, ama-amino acid, njll.
Kufanele ukuyeke ukusetshenziswa kotshwala, ngoba kukhuthaza ukwanda koshukela wegazi, kuyilapho kukhula isifiso sokudla, ngenxa yalokho isiguli sephula ukudla, ama-overeat, athinta isisindo somzimba ngokungafanele.
Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo ku-Type 1 Diabetes: Imithetho Nezimpawu
Isisindo esengeziwe ngemuva kohlobo lwe-1 lesifo esingelapheki ukuvela. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, iziguli eziningi zinamakhilogremu angeziwe avela ngenxa yokusebenza okuphansi, ukudla okungekuhle, umuthi, njll.
Unganciphisa kanjani isisindo, unesifiso sikashukela? Okokuqala, ukuvivinya umzimba okugcwele kufanele kubuyiselwe, futhi kulungiswe imikhuba yokudla kufanele kwenziwe. Kokubili lokho nokunye kwenziwa ngaphansi kokuholwa yi-endocrinologist kanye neyezondlamzimba kanye nokwelashwa kanye nokuphathwa kwe-insulin.
Ukuze uthole umphumela oyifunayo, umuntu ophelelwa yisisindo kufanele abale ukuthi ingakanani i-carbohydrate enikezwa ngokudla, yimalini echithwa ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa, futhi ngokufanele, malini i-insulin okufanele iphathwe ngemuva kokudla naphambi kokulala.
Ngokuya ngamandla nobude bokusebenza komzimba, umthamo we-hormone uyaguqulwa. Uma isiguli sengeza futhi ezinye izidakamizwa, kuyadingeka ukuthi sicabangele umphumela wazo wokwelapha.
Imithetho yokudla okunempilo koThukela 1
- Ukwehla isisindo sikashukela, ama-carbohydrate ayadliwa, amunzwa ngokushesha futhi amunce. Ushukela awukhishwe ngokuphelele, esikhundleni salokho kufakwa esikhundleni sikasathane wokufakelwa.
- Amagilebhisi omile futhi amasha, amajusi agxilisiwe ezithelo kufanele angafakwa ekudleni.
- Ngokunakekelwa okukhethekile, faka amazambane, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema, izithelo ezimnandi nezithelo ezomisiwe kumenyu. Ikakhulu, ubhanana, uphayinaphu, ama-Persimmons, amakhiwane, ama-apricots omisiwe, umhluzi, imango, izihlahla zomkhiwane.
- Kuvunyelwe ukudla lezi zithelo / amajikijolo: i-orange, i-grapefruit, ihalananda, i-cherry, ikhabe, ikhabe, ama-sitrobheli, ama-currants amnyama nabomvu, ama-gooseberry, ama-lingonberry, ama-sea sihlahla sivame ukutholakala.
- Qiniseka ukuthi ubala i-XE yemifino nezithelo. Ukuphumula kungenziwa maqondana neparsley, dill, cilantro, utamatisi, ukhukhamba, isitshalo seqanda, isithombo, iklabishi, i-turnips, ama-beet.
Lapho ukudla kwesifo sikashukela nokwelashwa kukhethwe ngokwanele, isiguli singazibandakanya kunoma yimuphi umdlalo - ithenisi, umdanso, i-aerobics, ukubhukuda, ukugijima kancane, ukuhamba ngejubane elisheshayo.
Ukusinda ngokweqile ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kuhambisana nokwanda kwe-cholesterol embi egazini, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha kwenziwa ngaphansi kolawulo olunamandla.
Isifo Sikashukela sohlobo 2
Iziguli eziningi zibuza ukuthi ukunciphisa umzimba ngokushesha kanjani ngohlobo 2 sikashukela, yikuphi ukudla okuzosiza? Kufanele kwaziwe ngokushesha ukuthi inqubo yokunciphisa isisindo kufanele yenzeke kancane kancane, ngoba ukwehla okubukhali kwesisindo somzimba kungaholela ezinkingeni ngomfutho wegazi kanye nesistimu yenhliziyo.
Isifo sikashukela kanye nokukhuluphala yimiqondo emibili evame ukutholakala kwi-Symbiosis, ngoba isifo sezinzwa emzimbeni sivame ukwenzeka kubantu abakhuluphele abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-40 ubudala. Kufakazelwa ukuthi uma wehlisa isisindo ngama-5% kuphela, khona-ke lokhu kuholela ekwehlelweni okukhulu kwe-glycemia.
Kungenzeka yini ukunciphisa isisindo ngohlobo 2 sikashukela ngaphandle kokulimaza impilo? Kunokukhethwa okuningi, into esemqoka ukunamathela kwindlela ethile yokuphila, umbuso kanye nokudla kahle. Ukulungiswa kokudla okunempilo okubonakala sengathi kuyisici esivelele sezokwelapha.
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ziyelulekwa ukuba zilandele lezi zeluleko:
- Ukwenqatshwa kwemikhiqizo yezilwane. Lokhu kufaka inyama, amasoseji, amasoseji, imikhiqizo yobisi noshizi, ibhotela. Isibindi, izinso, amaphaphu, okungukuthi, i-offal ingafakwa kwimenyu izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngenyanga.
- Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthola izinto zamaprotheni ezinhlanzini zasolwandle noma kwinkukhu ethambile, ngoba njengamanye amakhowe kufanelekile.
- Ingxenye yesibili yamamenyu yimifino nezithelo, inqobo nje uma isiguli sidinga ukulungiswa kwesisindo somzimba.
- Ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunenkomba ye-glycemic ephezulu - i-pasta, i-khekhe, amazambane kuncishisiwe.
Yonke imibandela ebangela isilingo - amaswidi, amakhukhi amnandi nenye i-confectionery kufanele inyamalale endlini. Faka esikhundleni sezithelo ezintsha namajikijolo. Esikhundleni samazambane athosiwe, yidla ama-buckwheat abilisiwe, esikhundleni sekhofi - isiphuzo sezithelo namajusi emifino asanda kufakwa.
Ukusebenza ngokomzimba kuyiphuzu lesibili lokuphoqelela lokwelashwa. Ukuzivocavoca kusiza ukwandisa ukuzwela kwezicubu kwe-insulin, kuguqule ukujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni nezinqubo ze-metabolic, futhi kuguqule ukubulawa kwamangqamuzana komoya.
Kungenzeka yini ukufaka ushukela ngokudla?
Ukudla kwabanesifo sikashukela kudinga imikhawulo ethile, kufaka phakathi ushukela okumele kungafakwa. Kodwa-ke, isidingo sokudla okumnandi kwendalo ngokwemvelo, kungashiwo ukuthi sikhona ezingeni lofuzo.
Kuyaqabukela ukuthi isiguli senqabe amaswidi futhi sizizwe kahle. Esikhathini esiningi samacala, ngokushesha kuvela ukuwohloka, ngenxa yalokho lokho kudla kuphulwa khona, i-glycemia iyanda futhi nenkambo ye-pathology iyanda.
Ngakho-ke, imenyu yesifo sikashukela ikuvumela ukuba udle ama-sweeteners. Umphumela onenzuzo ukukhohlisa ukunambitheka okujwayelekile, ukunciphisa amathuba okubola kwamazinyo kanye nokwanda okungazelelwe koshukela.
Ukudla kokuncipha kwesisindo sikashukela kungafaka okufana nalokhu:
- I-cyclamate ibonakala ngokuqukethwe kwekhalori ephansi, inyibilika kahle kunoma yiluphi uketshezi.
- I-Aspartame yengezwe eziphuzweni noma kumakhekhe, inokunambitheka okumnandi, ayiqukethe amakhalori, amagremu ayi-2-3 ngosuku avumelekile.
- I-Acesulfame potassium iyinto enekhalori ephansi engakhuphulisi ushukela egazini, ayigxiliwe emgodini wokugaya ukudla futhi isheshe ikhishwe.
- I-Sucrasitis ayikuvimbeli ukwehla kwesisindo kuhlobo 2 sikashukela, ayithakwa emzimbeni, ayinawo amakhalori.
- IStevia iyisikhundla semvelo sikashukela ogayiwe, ayiqukethe amakhalori, isetshenziselwa ukupheka ukudla kokudla.
I-Saccharin (E954) - indawo emnandi kakhulu kashukela, okuqukethwe okukhalori okuncane, ayithakwa emathunjini.
Akukho ngaphezu kwe-0,2 g we-saccharin evunyelwe ngosuku, ngoba ithinta kabi i-mucosa yesisu.
Umsebenzi womzimba kanye nesifo sikashukela
Ukwehla kwesisindo sikashukela kufanele kwenzeke kancane kancane ukuvikela ukuwohloka okuvamile enhlalakahleni. Kuwukuhlakanipha ukuya ezemidlalo ukuze kulethe izinzuzo ezibonakalayo futhi kusize ukwehlisa isisindo.
Ukwehla kwesisindo sohlobo 2 sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kunzima ngokwedlulele, njengoba imisebenzi eminingi yomzimba igxilisiwe ezigulini. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukubonana nodokotela mayelana nokululeka kokuqeqeshwa.
Njengomthetho, udokotela uvumela ukuvocavoca umzimba ekhaya, ukugijima kancane noma isinyathelo esisheshayo uma isisindo sikhulu kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukulawula hhayi kuphela i-glucose yegazi, kodwa nezinkomba zokucindezela kwegazi, ukugwema ukubhebhetheka okungenzeka.
Imisebenzi elandelayo yomzimba iyavunyelwa:
- Ukubhukuda
- Abasubathi
- Ukugibela ibhayisekili.
- Ukuhamba
- I-Yoga yabanesifo sikashukela.
- Ukuzivocavoca umzimba.
Izinhlobo ezifakwe kuhlu zilungele iziguli ezingaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 uma kungenaziphikiso zokwelashwa. Akunconywa ukuphakamisa izinsimbi, umthwalo onjalo awunagalelo ekuqedeni ikhilogremu.
Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 yisifo esikhohlisayo esidinga ukubhekwa nsuku zonke. Isihluthulelo sempilo ephelele ukuqina kwesisindo ngokudla okufanele kanye nokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba, ukugcina ushukela egreyidi okuqondiwe ngalo.
Imithetho yokulahlekelwa isisindo sikashukela ichazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
