Isifo somuntu esivele singafani nesizinda sezinga le-plasma ngokweqile elenziwa yi-adrenal cortex libizwa ngokuthi yi-steroid sikashukela. Kwezokwelapha, lesi sifo sibizwa nangokuthi uhlobo lwesibili oluncike i-insulin.
Lolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela luwuhlobo olunzima lohlobo lwesifo oludinga i-insulin.
Izimbangela eziphambili zalesi sifo kanye nezinto eziyingozi
Isifo sikashukela seSteroid ekuqaleni siyisifo esingahlotshaniswa nezinkinga ekusebenzeni kwamanyikwe.
Abantu abane-carbohydrate metabolism ejwayelekile bahlupheka ngalolu hlobo lwesifo ngesimo esiyisisekelo uma kwenzeka okweqile kwe-glucocorticosteroids emzimbeni. Ngemuva kokukwenza kube ngokwejwayelekile izinga lalama-hormone emzimbeni, ukusebenza kwalo kwejwayelekile kanye nezimpawu zesifo ziyanyamalala.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezithile zemithi kunomthelela ongemuhle ezinqubweni zamaprotheni ne-carbohydrate metabolism, njengomphumelaomphumela ongemuhle, ukuphazamiseka kwenzeka enkambweni yawo ejwayelekile, okuholela ekwandeni kwezinga le-nitrogen kwi-plasma yegazi.
I-Endocrinologists ithola isifo sikashukela ecaleni lapho izivivinyo ziveza ukuba khona kweshukela emzimbeni ngezinga le-11.5 mmol / L futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kweglucose kutholakala umchamo.
I-Pathology iqhubeka kancane. Ngalesi sizathu, isigaba sokuqala, okuyisigaba sangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela, lapho kubonakala khona ukubekezelela ushukela.
Izici eziyingozi ezingavusa ukukhula kohlobo lwe-mellitus oluncike ku-insulin emzimbeni wesiguli yilezi ezilandelayo:
- ukuthatha isikhathi eside izidakamizwa ezisuselwa ku-corticosteroids;
- sebenzisa enqubweni yokwenza inkambo yokwelapha yezidakamizwa ze-steroid kumthamo owandayo;
- ukuvela emzimbeni wesiguli kweqa amazinga kashukela, okucasulwa yizizathu ezingaziwa;
- ukuthuthukiswa esigulini sokukhuluphala kwanoma yiliphi ibanga.
Ukuba khona kwanoma yiziphi zalezi zinto esigulini kukhulisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nesifo sikashukela emzimbeni wesiguli.
Izimpawu zokukhula kwesifo sikashukela se-steroid
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela i-steroid kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuthi lesi sifo asibonakali masinyane emzimbeni womuntu sinezimpawu ezibonakalisiwe.
Imvamisa, imbangela yokwakhiwa kwalolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela kungukuphulwa kokusebenza kwezindlala ze-adrenal, okuvezwa ngenxa yokuvela kwezifo ezithile ezithinta ukusebenza kwalezi zindlala.
Kwezinye izimo, isifo sikashukela se-steroid singadalwa ngokuvela kokuqukethwe okwengeziwe kwama-hormone alezi zindlala ze-endocrine ku-lymph yomuntu.
Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ezibonisa ukwenzeka kwesifo se-pathological kanye nokukhula kwe-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kumuntu yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Ukuqubuka komile okunganqamuki nokungafinyeleleki nesifiso sokudla uketshezi oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Ukwanda kwenani lezikhathi ovakashela ngazo endlini yangasese kanye nokuvela kokuchama ngokweqile.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kokungalingani kwe-glycemic emzimbeni.
- Ukubonakala kobuthakathaka emzimbeni wonke.
- Ukubukeka komzwa wokukhathala okusheshayo.
- Ukwehla kwesimo esejwayelekile somzimba nenhlala-kahle yabantu.
Ubunzima bokuxilongwa kwezifo kulele ekutheni lezi zibonakaliso zivela ngesikhathi sokuthuthuka emzimbeni wesifo sezifo eziningi ezihambisana nomsebenzi wohlelo lwe-endocrine. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, lezi zibonakaliso zimpawu zokuvela kokungasebenzi kahle emzimbeni, ezihambisana nokuphulwa kokusebenza okujwayelekile kwe-adrenal cortex.
Ngokuthuthuka kwesimo se-steroid sikashukela emzimbeni, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-ketoacidosis kuvame ukungabukwa.
Esimweni esingafani nalokhu, lapho lesi sifo siqhubeka emzimbeni womuntu isikhathi eside, isiguli esinalolu hlobo lokugula singathola iphunga elibonakalayo le-acetone ephuma emlonyeni, futhi lapho lihlaziya ukwakheka komchamo, ukuba khona kwama-ketones kutholakala kuso.
Izibalo zezokwelapha zikhomba ukuthi cishe i-60% yalabo abaphethwe yisifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 bathambekele ekushintsheni eqenjini leziguli elithembele ku-insulin lapho ifomu le-steroid lalesi sifo likhula emzimbeni.
Imvamisa, i-anti-insulin yokwelapha ayiholeli emiphumeleni emihle efiselekayo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukudla okuqinile okubonakala ngokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate emikhiqizweni yokudla kunqunyelwe kwabanesifo sikashukela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphumula okwengeziwe okusebenzayo kanye nesethi yokuzivocavoca okhethekile okwenziwa esigulini esinesifo sikashukela i-mellitus.
Ukwelashwa nokuvimbela isifo sikashukela ezinkingeni ze-adrenal gland
Ukukhethwa kwezimali zokwelashwa kwesimo se-steroid sikashukela kuyafana nokukhethwa kwezidakamizwa zokwelapha isifo sikashukela, esincike ku-insulin.
Ukukhethwa kwezindlela kuncike kwifomu lesifo kanye nezimpawu zomzimba womuntu ohlushwa yilesi sifo.
Udokotela oholayo kuphela onelungelo lokunquma inkimbinkimbi edingekayo yazo zonke izindlela nemithi yokwelashwa.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela i-steroid kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- ukuqaliswa kokufakwa kwemijovo yamalungiselelo aqukethe i-insulin, imijovo enjalo inomthelela ekujezisweni kwamarobhothi e-pancreatic;
- ukuguqulwa komuntu ohlushwa uhlobo lwe-steroid yesifo sikashukela ekulweni kokudla okukhethekile, imikhiqizo esetshenziselwa umsoco kufanele ibe ne-carbohydrate encane;
- ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ye-hypoglycemic ukwenza izinga leshukela lifakwe emzimbeni wesiguli;
- esimweni sokukhula kwesifo ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ukuze kususwe izicubu eziqile ze-adrenal, ezinciphisa umphumela olimazayo emzimbeni wesiguli wama-adrenal mahormone, akhiqizwa ngobuningi;
- ukuyeka ukuthatha imishanguzo evusa ukuvela kokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic emzimbeni womuntu ogulayo.
Ochwepheshe abaningi bezokwelapha emkhakheni we-endocrinology bakholelwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlanganisela zezindlela zokwelapha kungafeza umphumela omuhle ofunekayo.
Kungakho, ukuthola ukwelashwa okusebenzayo nokuthola umphumela omuhle wokwelapha, kanye nemithi yomlomo, imijovo yemithi equkethe i-insulin iyabekwa kanyekanye.
Ukufakwa kwezidakamizwa eziqukethe i-insulin kubhekiswe esimweni lapho ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa okukhohlisiwe kwe-hypoglycemic kunganikeli umphumela omuhle ofunekayo.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukujova kwezidakamizwa eziqukethe i-insulin akuyona ukuphela kwendlela ekhona yokwenza izinga le-glucose emzimbeni wesiguli lisebenze.
Ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ingxenye yezicubu ze-adrenal kuyisilinganiso esibi kakhulu futhi kwenziwa kuphela ezimweni ezihlukile. Lapho ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha kungalethi umphumela omuhle owafunekayo.
Ukwenza ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa emzimbeni, lapho kususwa khona izicubu ezithile ze-adrenal, kuhlotshaniswa nokuvela kwezingozi eziningi empilweni yabantu, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwale ndlela yokwelashwa akufiseleki kakhulu.
Ukudla okuphansi kwe-carb
Umgomo obalulekile wezinyathelo zokwelapha ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela ukuguqula izinga le-glucose emzimbeni womuntu ogulayo. Enye inhloso yokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela ukubambezela ukuqala kwezinkinga ezingase zibe khona emzimbeni ngokumelene nesizinda sikashukela isikhathi eside kunazo zonke.
Ukulungiswa kokudla kuyindlela elula yokuvimbela ukuqala nokwelashwa kwendlela yesifo sikashukela. Le ndlela, naphezu kokulula kwayo, isebenza kakhulu futhi ayibekeki phansi ekusebenzeni kwayo kwemijovo ye-insulin.
Umphumela omuhle wokudla okuphansi kwe-carb kwizindlala ze-adrenal nasemzimbeni wonke ubonakala ngezimpawu ezimbalwa.
Izimpawu eziphambili zomphumela omuhle emzimbeni wokudla okuphansi kwe-carb yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Ukunciphisa isidingo somzimba semithi ye-insulin noma ye-hypoglycemic.
- I-Naturalization ye-glucose ngemuva kokudla isikhathi eside.
- Ukwenza ngcono inhlala-kahle yesiguli kanye nokunyamalala kwezimpawu ezibonakalako zesifo sikashukela i-mellitus.
- Kakhulu kunciphisa ubungozi bokuqala kanye nokuqhubeka kwezinkinga ezinzima zesifo sikashukela.
- Yehliswe kakhulu i-cholesterol emzimbeni wesiguli.
Ukudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate ekudleni okukhethekile okusekelwe kwimifino, izithelo, namakhambi amasha. Lapho usebenzisa lokhu kudla, inyama nemikhiqizo yobisi kudliwa ngobuningi.
Uma umuntu enezindlela ezikhulayo zokukhuluphala kanye noshukela omningi we-plasma izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-2 kuya kwezi-2, iziguli ziyelulekwa ukuthi zilandele indlela yokudla engenalo i-carbohydrate ekudleni - inombolo yokudla 8.
Iziphakamiso Zokudla
Ukudla okuthile kuye kwenziwa njengendlela yokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela se-steroid.
Imvamisa yokudla ukudla incike ngqo kuhlobo lwesidakamizwa se-hypoglycemic esithathwe ngumuntu ogulayo.
Uma usebenzisa ukudla okhethekile, kufanele unamathele emithethweni nasezidingweni ezithile.
Imithetho eyisisekelo okufanele ilandelwe lapho usebenzisa ukudla kokudla yile elandelayo:
- isisekelo sokudla kwansuku zonke kufanele kube ukudla okugcwele ku-fiber;
- Izindlela eziphambili zokwelashwa kokushisa kwemikhiqizo ngenkathi kulandela ukudla kufanele kube ukuphembelela, ukupheka noma ukucubungula okwenziwe ngomkhiqizo kwemikhiqizo;
- inyama ebomvu ekudleni kufanele ithathelwe indawo inhlanzi noma ukudla ukudla okungenamafutha okufana, isibonelo, inkukhu noma unogwaja;
- ukuphuza okungenani amalitha ayi-1.5 wamanzi ahlanzekile ngosuku;
- Imikhawulo ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhiqizo efana ne-pasta, i-khekhe, ushukela, i-confectionery, ilayisi, imikhiqizo yebhikawozi.
Njengomuthi owengeziwe, isiguli sinqunyelwe amahomoni anezakhiwo ze-analgesic. Umsebenzi wokusebenzisa lezi zidakamizwa ukulinganisa izinga lamahomoni eglucocorticoid.
Esezinhlelweni zokwelashwa kufanele njalo kuqashelwe izinga le-glucose emzimbeni futhi linamathele empilweni enempilo futhi esebenzayo. Ukwelashwa okuzivocavoca okwakhelwe kahle isifo sikashukela ngeke kuphazamise.
Imininingwane yesifo sikashukela se-steroid inikezwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
