Ukwanda noma ukuncipha kwengcindezi yegazi kuholela ezimweni ezahlukahlukene ezibuhlungu ukuthi, uma zingalashwa, zingaba yingozi empilweni. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha isimo sohlelo lwezinhliziyo zabantu abatholakala benesifo sikashukela.
Ukwephulwa kwemigwaqo kuyabonakala lapho uhola indlela yokuphila enzima, ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezengeziwe, ukuba khona kwemikhuba emibi nezinye izinto eziningi ezithinta impilo. Ukunyuka kwezinkomba zokucindezela kwegazi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yisiginali ye-alamu yokuqala.
Ukuze uqale ukwelashwa ngesikhathi, kudingeka wazi ukuthi yiziphi izinombolo ezibhekwa njengezijwayelekile, yiphi ingcindezi ephansi futhi ungayinciphisa kanjani ekhaya.
Umqondo wokukhuphuka kwengcindezi ephansi
Namuhla, umfutho wegazi ophakeme awenzeki ngokuguga kuphela, kodwa futhi kubantu abasha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuphazamiseka kwesistimu yokujikeleza kwegazi nokuguga kokuqala kwemithambo yegazi. Ukuthola idatha yangempela, isiguli sikalwa umfutho wegazi kusetshenziswa izinsimbi ezikhethekile.
Ukuthola isithombe esiphelele, udokotela kufanele azi izinkomba ze-systole ne-diastole. Izinga lokucindezela okuphansi noma kwe-diastolic lincike esimweni semithambo yegazi.
Uma umsebenzi wabo uphazamiseka ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto ezithile, umfutho wegazi ungakhuphuka. Kulokhu, isiguli sinekhanda elibuhlungu, ukushaya ngamandla kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okuqinile.
Lapho ingcindezi ilinganiswa, izinombolo ezimbili ziboniswa ku-tonometer, idatha ephezulu inquma ukucindezela kwe-systolic, kanye nabaphansi - i-diastolic.
- Amadijithi okuqala akhombisa umthamo wegazi okuthi umsipha wenhliziyo ucindezele ngesikhathi sokuqunjelwa. Lokhu kucindezela kubizwa nangokuthi i-cardiac.
- Isikhombi sesibili sibika izinga lethoni ye-vascular lapho izicubu zenhliziyo ziphumula. Idatha enjalo ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yingcindezi yezinso.
Uma ingcindezi ephansi inyuke- kusho ukuthini? Isimo esifanayo sibika ukuvela kwanoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka emzimbeni. Lapho izinga lingakwazi ukwehliswa isikhathi eside, lesi simo sithathwa njengesiyindlela yokwelapha.
Okujwayelekile kubhekwa njengesibonakaliso se-65-90 mm RT. Ubuciko., Kepha le mininingwane ingahluka, ngokuya ngeminyaka.
Futhi, imbangela yokushintsha kwengcindezi yegazi ingaba ingcindezi, ushintsho olubi esimweni sezulu, ukukhuphuka kwengcindezi ngokomzimba noma kwengqondo.
Izimbangela Zokucindezela Kwegazi Okuphansi
Ungathola ngobukhona bezinguquko ezingafuneki emzimbeni ngokuvakashela udokotela wakho noma ngokulinganisa umfutho wegazi ngeqapha lomfutho wegazi. Esigabeni sokuqala se-hypertension, lesi sifo asizivezi, ngenxa yalokho, izimpawu ezisobala azikwazi ukubonwa.
Okwamanje, ngalesi sikhathi umzimba uthola izinguquko ezinkulu, ngoba inhliziyo ayikwazi ukuphumula ngokuphelele futhi isebenza kanzima ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Njengoba kunokwephulwa kokugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni, ukuqina kokuqina kwemithambo nokulahleka kwemithambo kulahleka.
Uma ingcindezi isikhathi eside idlula umkhawulo ophezulu, ukuqhubekela phambili kwezinqubo ze-pathological kuqala, imiphumela engenakuphikwa ikhula namafomu we-thrombosis. Ngasikhathi sinye, isiguli sihlala sikhononda ngekhanda elibukhali, eliqinisa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, isiyezi, izinhlungu endaweni yesifuba, ukuphefumula, ukuphefumula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, nokujuluka ngokweqile.
Lapho abesilisa nabesifazane bethola ukwanda komfutho wegazi ophansi, izizathu zalokhu zingahluka. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka ukuze kuvikeleke ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology.
- Imithambo yegazi iyacindezelwa futhi ibangela ukukhuphuka kokukhishwa kwe-renin uma kunesifo esithathelwanayo — i-glomerulonephritis. Lesi sifo sibonakaliswa ngokufakwa esikhundleni sezicubu zezinso ngezicubu ezihlangene.
- In inqubo engapheli yokuvuvukala ye-pyelonephritis, izicubu ezithintekayo zikhula, okubuye kuvuse ukucindezelwa kwemithambo yegazi eya enhliziyweni.
- Umfutho wegazi uphakama uma kukhona okungajwayelekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezinso noma kutholakale isitho esisodwa sangaphakathi.
- I-Thrombosis ne-atherosclerosis, okubangelwa amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini, kuholela ekunciphiseni komthambo wezinso.
- Kwabesifazane, ngemuva kokukhulelwa, i-fibro-muscular hyperplasia kwesinye isikhathi iyabonakala lapho izicubu ezisebenzayo ziwela umngcele wendawo esethrophied.
- Endabeni yesifo esenzelwa ifa le-polycystosis, ama-cysts amaningi akha izicubu zezinso, futhi ezikhulisa izinga lomfutho wegazi.
- Kwi-amyloidosis, lapho isitashi, esakhiwa ngamaprotheni nama-saccharides, sifakwa ezinso, isimo sohlelo senhliziyo siyaphazamiseka.
Kwabesifazane, ukuphazamiseka kungahlotshaniswa nezinguquko ze-hormonal ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini nokuya esikhathini. Kubandakanya okujwayelekile, ukwanda okuncane kwengcindezi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kuyabhekwa, kepha ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwengane, isimo somzimba kumele sibhekwe.
Ngokugxuma okuhleliwe noma ukwanda okungapheli kwengcindezi ye-diastolic, udokotela angabona ukusebenza kwe-thyroid okungajwayelekile, isimo esifanayo sihambisana ne-hyperteriosis, hypothyroidism, ukuhlukunyezwa kwenhliziyo, i-pathologies kungenzeka yesistimu ye-musculoskeletal.
Uma kutholakala izinkomba ezingejwayelekile emntwaneni noma osemusha, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlolwe ngokuphelele bese uthola imbangela yokuphambuka. Kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi uphawu oluvame kakhulu lokukhubazeka komzimba emzimbeni ukhuluphele. Izingcindezi ezivame ukwenziwa kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okuthinta imizwa kungasibangela lesi sifo. I-pathology ikhula ngokubhema, ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala, uhlobo 2 sikashukela.
I-Isolated diastolic hypertension ingakhulisa ingcindezi ephansi isikhathi eside, lapho i-myocardium ingakwazi ukuphumula ngokuphelele, yingakho ukuphuma kwegazi kuphazamiseka.
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa
Ukuphambuka kokujwayelekile kutholakala ngokulinganisa okujwayelekile kwengcindezi yegazi. Kulokhu, isiguli sizimele sisebenzisa i-tonometer ngokuzimela futhi sibhale amanothi kubhukwana phakathi nosuku.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela unquma ukudlula kwe-electrocardiogram, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile nokwebhayoloji. Njengoba inkomba yokucindezela kwe-diastolic ngokuyinhloko idalwa ukusebenza kokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo nezinso, ukuxilongwa kwe-ultrasound kwezitho zangaphakathi kwenziwa. Kwesinye isikhathi, uma kunesidingo, kwenziwa i-dopplerography yemithambo yobuchopho.
Ukuvakasha njalo kumelaphi kukuvumela ukuthi ukhombe ukuphambuka kwinkomba yengcindezi ephansi. Kaningi, isiguli singazelele sithola ngokuxilongwa kwaso lapho ukuhlolwa kwezokwelashwa konyaka kwenziwa. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze ungaqali lesi sifo.
Uma ungaqali ukwelashwa okudingekile, ngomfutho ophansi okhuphukile, izinkinga zingakhula zibe yile ndlela:
- Ukwehla kokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, ukungeneka kwegazi okhubazekile ebuchosheni nasekuhambeni kwegazi kwenhliziyo;
- Ukugqokwa kancane kancane komzimba, okuholela ku-atherossteosis, ukushayeka kwegazi, ukufakwa kwe-myocardial, unhlangothi, isimo esibucayi kwegazi.
- Ukwanda kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona, kunciphe ukuvela okubonakalayo.
Ungawanciphisa kanjani amanani aphezulu
Ukuqeda ushintsho lwe-pathological, udinga ukuthola futhi ususe zonke izimbangela zokwanda kwengcindezi ephansi. Uma isizathu salokhu sanda isisindo somzimba, kufanele wehlise isisindo. Ngokuncipha kwesisindo okungenani ama-5 kg, ungazijwayeza izinkomba futhi uthuthukise inhlala-kahle.
Ngenxa yokudla kakhulu ebusuku, uketshezi lugcinwa ezicutshini, futhi umfutho wegazi wenyuka nokudla okubabayo kakhulu nosawoti. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukucabanga kabusha ngokudla kwakho, wenqaba ukudla okunamafutha, kufaka phakathi imifino, izithelo, amakhambi, amantongomane, ubhanana, ukudla kwasolwandle okucebile nge-potassium ne-magnesium kumenyu.
Ngokuphila kokuhlala phansi, ingozi yokwanda kwengcindezi ephansi inyuka, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuhola indlela yokuphila esebenzayo, kaningi uhamba ngezinyawo, uzibandakanya nomdlalo owuthandayo. Ukuqeda ukucindezela kanye nokugcwala ngokweqile, kunconywa ukwelashwa okuphumuzayo kwe-massage.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yezempilo ngaphandle kwamaphilisi, kufanele kulandelwe le mithetho elandelayo:
- Ukudla kokudla okunempilo kuphela okufakiwe ekudleni. Izitsha zinconywa ukuba zidliwe, zibhakwe noma ziboshelwe. Ukudla okunamafutha, okuthosiwe, okubhemayo kufanele kulahlwe. Esikhundleni sekhofi, basebenzisa itiye eliluhlaza noma ama-decoctions amakhambi.
- Ukuphumula kufanele kube okuphelele, lokhu kuzobhekana kalula nezingcindezi ezingenzeka. Ukulala ubusuku kumele okungenani kube amahora angama-8, kungcono ukulala amahora angama-21.
- Ngenxa yokuzivocavoca okulula komzimba, umuntu uzozizwa engcono kakhulu. Akumele sikhohlwe ngokufudumala kwasekuseni, ukugijimela ntambama kanye nokuhamba kusihlwa. Ukuzivocavoca okuqhubekayo kuzosiza ukugcina umzimba usesimweni esihle.
- Kubalulekile ukuthi abanesifo sikashukela bahlukane nemikhuba emibi, bayeke ukubhema nokuphuza ngokweqile. Ngendlela yokuvimbela nokuqinisa imithambo yegazi, odokotela batusa ukuphuza ingilazi eyodwa yewayini elibomvu nsuku zonke. Kepha isiphuzo esidakayo kumele sibe sezingeni eliphezulu.
Ngesifo esisheshayo, udokotela unquma ukuthi athathe izidakamizwa ezikhethiwe zodwa, ngokuya ngemiphumela yokuhlaziya nomlando wezokwelapha.
- Uma lesi sifo sivele sikhona, kubekwa ama-beta-blockers, afaka amaphilisi we-Anaprilin ne-Atenolol. Le mishanguzo isetshenziselwa kakhulu i-angina pectoris nesifo senhliziyo. Kodwa kufanele zithathwe ngokuqapha uma kukhona i-asthma noma enye i-lesion ye-bronchial.
- Abaphikisana neCalcium yizidakamizwa zendabuko ezinomfutho ophakeme we-diastolic; kunconyelwa iziguli ezinelayisi ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-myocardial infarction. Le mishanguzo ifaka i-verapamil.
- Kusetshenziswa ama-inhibitors e-ACE, hhayi kuphela aphansi, kepha futhi nengcindezi yegazi iyancishiswa. Imithi efana ne-enalapril ne-ramipril inezibuyekezo ezinhle kakhulu ezivela kodokotela nasezigulini, ngoba amaphilisi awanayo imiphumela emibi.
Izindlela ezihlukile ekwelapheni umfutho wegazi ophakeme
Ngaphezu kokuphuza umuthi, kubalulekile ukukwazi ukuqeda izimpawu usebenzisa izindlela zabantu ezifakazelwe. Kunezindlela eziningi zokupheka, ngakho-ke ukukhetha indlela efanele udinga ukubonana nodokotela wakho.
Ama-infusions avela ezitheni ze-hawthorn anikela ekususeni ukungezwani kwemizwa, ukuphumula kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi. Ukulungiselela umuthi, ama-20 g amajikijolo omisiwe axutshwe engilazini yamanzi abilisiwe imizuzu engama-30. Ngemuva kwalokhu, umkhiqizo uthuliswa ihora, sihlungiwe bese sihlanganiswa namanzi abilisiwe ukuze sithole ama-250 ml. Phuza ukumnika kathathu ngosuku, isipuni esisodwa.
Ngosizo lokufakwa kwe-mamawort, umuntu angokwehlisa ngobumnene izinga lokucindezela okuphezulu nelingaphansi, athulise izinzwa, ajwayele ukuguquguquka kwenhliziyo, futhi aqede ukwesaba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ezingilazini ezimbili zamanzi abilayo enza izipuni ezimbili zokuqoqa, le ngxube ibekwa ku-thermos futhi igcizelele amahora amabili. Udinga ukuthatha izingane nabantu abadala 1/3 inkomishi ngosuku. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa inyanga.
- Ukulungiselela i-tincture yemisedari, izinhlayiya ezintathu zesigaxa zifakwa embizeni yengilazi futhi igcwele nge-500 ml ye-vodka. Kufakwa i-tincture ye-valerian enanini lesipuni esisodwa kanye nezicucu eziyi-10 zokucolisiswa. Ingxube ephumayo ifakwa endaweni emnyama isonto nesigamu, emva kwalokho ihlungiwe. Phuza umuthi ngesikhathi sokulala isipuni.
- Umuthi wabantu abezimo eziphuthumayo usiza ukwehlisa ngokushesha ingcindezi. Isiguli silele esiswini sayo, kufakwa i-compress ebandayo endaweni yentamo, engamelana nengxenye yehora. Ngemuva kwalokho amakhaza asuswe, kufakwa uwoyela we-massage entanyeni futhi ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwenziwa imizuzu engama-40.
Njenge-prophylaxis, odokotela batusa ukuhola indlela yokuphila enempilo, imvamisa ukuba emoyeni omusha, ukudla ngendlela efanele, ukuyeka imikhuba emibi, ukuzivocavoca njalo nokulawula isisindo sakho. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile kuthathwe izilinganiso nge-tonometer ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi akukho ukwephulwa. Nganoma yiluphi ushintsho, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho.
Izizathu zokucindezela okuncane okuphansi kuxoxwa ngazo kule vidiyo kule ndatshana.
