Uhlobo lwe-1 yesifo sikashukela i-mellitus njalo idinga ukwelashwa kwe-insulin, kanti nohlobo 2 sikashukela kwesinye isikhathi sidinga i-insulin. Ngakho-ke, kunesidingo sokuphathwa okwengeziwe kwehomoni. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa, umuntu kufanele afunde imiphumela yaso yokwenziwa ngamakhemikhali, ama-contraindication, ukulimala okungenzeka, intengo, ukubukeza kanye nezimpawu, abonane nodokotela futhi athole ukuthi umthamo ungakanani.
I-Humalog yi-analogue yokwenziwa ye-hormone yomuntu eyehlisela ushukela. Inomphumela esikhathini esifushane, elawula inqubo ye-glucose metabolism emzimbeni kanye nezinga layo. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi i-glucose nayo inqwabelana esibindini nasemisipha njenge-glycogen.
Isikhathi somuthi sincike kwenani lezinto, kufaka phakathi izici zomuntu ngamunye zesiguli. Isibonelo, esigulini esinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, lapho sisebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic kanye ne-insulin, kulawulwa kakhulu amazinga kashukela. Umuthi futhi uvimbela ukwehla okukhulu kwe-glucose ngesikhathi sokuphumula kobusuku kubashukela. Kulesi simo, i-pathology yesibindi noma izinso ayithinti i-metabolism yomuthi.
I-Humalog yezidakamizwa iqala ukusebenza kwe-hypoglycemic ngemuva kokungena emzimbeni ngemuva kwemizuzu eyi-15, ngakho-ke abantu abanesifo sikashukela bavame ukwenza imijovo ngaphambi kokudla. Ngokungafani nama-hormone emvelo abantu, lo muthi uthatha kuphela amahora amabili kuya kwayi-5, bese kuthi umuthi ongu-80% udalulwe yizinso, ama-20% asele - ngesibindi.
Ngenxa yesidakamizwa, izinguquko ezinjalo ezinhle zenzeka:
- ukushesha kokuhlanganiswa kwamaprotheni;
- ukudla kakhulu ama-amino acid;
- ukunciphisa ukunciphisa ukuqhekeka kwe-glycogen kuphenduka i-glucose;
- ukuvimbela ukuguqulwa kwe-glucose kusuka ezintweni zamaprotheni namafutha.
Ngokuya ngokuxutshwa kwento esebenzayo, iLispro insulin, izinhlobo ezimbili zezidakamizwa zikhishwa ngaphansi kwegama elithi Humalog Mix 25 neHumalog Mix 50. Esimweni sokuqala, kutholakala isixazululo sama-25% ama-synthetic hormone nokumiswa kwama-75% kweprotamine, esimweni sesibili, okuqukethwe kwabo kungama-50% kuya ku-50%. Imithi futhi iqukethe inani elincane lezingxenye ezengeziwe: i-glycerol, phenol, metacresol, i-zinc oxide, i-dibasic sodium phosphate, amanzi ayisisekelo, i-sodium hydroxide 10% noma i-hydrochloric acid (isixazululo 10%). Zombili lezi zidakamizwa zisetshenziselwa ushukela ongaxekeli ku-insulin futhi ongahlali ne-insulin.
Ukufakwa okunjalo okufakwayo kwenziwa ngendlela yokumiswa, okunombala omhlophe. I-white precipitate kanye noketshezi olunwebekayo ngaphezulu kungenzeka futhi, ngokuyaluza, inhlanganisela iphinde ibe yinhliziyo futhi.
Ama-Humalog Mix 25 nama-Humalog Mix okumiswa okungama-50 atholakala kuma-cartridge ama-3 ml nasezinhlinini zentambo.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi
Izidakamizwa, ipeni yesirinji ekhethekile ye-QuickPen iyatholakala ukuphatha okulula. Ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa, udinga ukufunda umhlahlandlela Womsebenzisi onamathiselwe. I-insulin cartridge idinga ukusongwa phakathi kwezandla zezandla ukuze ukumiswa kube yi-homogeneous. Uma kwenzeka kutholakala izinhlayiya zangaphandle ezikuyo, kungcono ukungasebenzisi umuthi nhlobo. Ukufaka ithuluzi ngendlela efanele, kumele kulandelwe imithetho ethile.
Geza izandla zakho kahle unqume indawo lapho umjovo uzokwenziwa khona. Okulandelayo, phatha indawo nge-antiseptic. Susa isicoco esivikela ngenaliti. Ngemuva kwalokhu, udinga ukulungisa isikhumba. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufaka inaliti ngokunqampuna ngokuya ngemiyalo. Ngemuva kokususa inaliti, indawo leyo kufanele icindezelwe futhi ingenzelwanga. Esigabeni sokugcina senqubo, inaliti esetshenzisiwe ivaliwe nge-cap, futhi ipeni lesirinji livaliwe nge-cap ekhethekile.
Imiyalo efakwe lapha inemininingwane yokuthi udokotela kuphela ongabeka umthamo ofanele wesidakamizwa kanye nohlu lokuphathwa kwe-insulin, uma kunikezwa ukugcwala kweglucose egazini lesiguli. Ngemuva kokuthenga i-Humalog, imiyalo yokusebenzisa kufanele ifundwe ngokucophelela. Ungathola futhi ngemithetho yokusebenzisa umuthi okuso:
- ama-synthetic hormone aphathwa kuphela ngaphandle kokuzenzakalelayo, ayenqatshelwe ukungena kuwo ngaphakathi kwethambo;
- izinga lokushisa lomuthi ngesikhathi sokuphatha akufanele libe ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa lamakamelo;
- imijovo yenziwa ethangeni, enkalweni, ehlombe noma esiswini;
- izindawo zomjovo zidinga ukushintshwa;
- lapho uphatha umuthi, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi inaliti ayiveli ku-lumen yemikhumbi;
- ngemuva kokuphathwa kwe-insulin, indawo yomjovo ayikwazi ukulungiswa.
Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, ukuxuba kumele kunyakaziswe.
Impilo yeshalofu yesidakamizwa iyiminyaka emithathu. Lapho leli gama liphela, ukusetshenziswa kwalo kwenqatshelwe. Umuthi ugcinwa ebangeni ukusuka ku-2 kuya ku-8 degrees ngaphandle kokuthola ukukhanya kwelanga.
Umuthi osetshenziswayo ugcinwa emazingeni okushisa angadluli kuma-30 degrees cishe izinsuku ezingama-28.
Contraindication, imiphumela emibi kanye ne-overdose
Izidakamizwa zikaHumalog 25 noHumalog Mix ezingama-50 zinokuphikisana okubili kuphela - lokhu kuyisimo se-hypoglycemia nokuzwela ngakunye kwezinto eziqukethwe kumalungiselelo.
Kodwa-ke, uma umuthi usetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele noma ngenxa yezinye izizathu, isiguli singathola ukusabela okubi njenge-hypoglycemia, i-allergies, i-lipid dystrophy esakhiweni somjovo (okuqabukela kakhulu).
Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, udokotela kufanele avumelanise ukwelashwa ngokuchaza enye i-insulin noma i-desensitization yokwenziwa.
Ukugxila okubalulekile kufanele kukhokhelwe emiphumeleni engalunganga yemvelo ehlukahlukene evela:
- Ukulumala okuhlobene nomjovo, ubomvu, ukulunywa okuhamba ngemuva kwezinsuku noma amasonto ambalwa.
- Okuhambisana ne-antiseptic noma ukuphathwa okungafanele kwe-insulin.
- Ukuphendula komzimba okuphathelene ne-systemic allergic reactionness - ukufupheka komoya, umfutho ophansi wegazi, ukulunywa okujwayelekile, ukukhuphuka kokujuluka kanye ne-tachycardia.
Ngokuqondene nesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa, abesifazane bangathatha le mishanguzo, ngokuya ngokubonisana nochwepheshe okwelapha.
Izingane nazo zivunyelwe ukusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa, kepha kuphela ngasizathu simbe. Isibonelo, isifiso sokudla kwengane nokudla kwesinye isikhathi kuguquka, uvame ukuba nokuhlaselwa kwe-hypoglycemia noma ukushintshashintsha njalo kwamazinga kashukela. Kodwa-ke, udokotela kuphela onganquma ukufaneleka kokusebenzisa umuthi weHumalog.
Ukudlulisa ivolumu enkulu yesidakamizwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba kungadala lezo zimpawu ezihambisana ne-overdose:
- ukukhathala okwandayo nokuhlukaniswa izithukuthuku;
- ikhanda
- isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- i-tachycardia;
- ukudideka ukwazi.
Ngezindlela ezinobunzima bokweqisa, isiguli kufanele sidle ukudla okunoshukela omningi. Udokotela ohambelayo angashintsha umthamo wezidakamizwa, owondlayo noma owokuzivocavoca umzimba. Ngobukhali obulinganisile, i-glucagon iphathwa ngokungaziphathi noma nge-intramuscularly, futhi nama-carbohydrate afakwe ngokugaya ukudla nawo ayathathwa. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lapho kuba ne-coma, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa noma ukweqiwa, i-glucagon noma isisombululo seglue egxiliwe nayo iyabhalwa. Lapho isiguli silulama, kufanele sidle ukudla okune-carbohydrate eningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele abe ngaphansi kokuqashwa ngudokotela ngokuqinile.
Izindleko, ukubuyekezwa kanye nokufana kwezidakamizwa
Umuthi uthengiswa ngumbhalo kuphela. Ingathengwa ekhemisi elijwayelekile noma ekhemisi online. Intengo yemithi yochungechunge lweHumalog ayiyona ephezulu kakhulu, wonke umuntu onomholo ophakathi angayithenga. Izindleko zamalungiselelo zenzelwe i-Humalog Mix 25 (3 ml, 5 pcs) - kusuka ku-1790 kuya ku-2050 ruble, nakuHumalog Mix 50 (3 ml, ama-pcs ama-5) - ukusuka ku-1890 kuya kuma-ruble angama-2100.
Ukubuyekezwa kwabashukela abaningi mayelana ne-insulin Humalog emihle. Kunemibono eminingi kwi-Intanethi ngokusetshenziswa komuthi, othi kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa, futhi isebenza ngokushesha ngokwanele.
Imiphumela emibi ayivelakancane. Izindleko zomuthi "azilunganga" kakhulu, njengoba kushiwo ukubuyekezwa kwabanesifo sikashukela. I-Insulin Humalog yenza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu noshukela ophezulu wegazi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinzuzo ezilandelayo zezidakamizwa ezivela kulolu chungechunge zingahlukaniswa:
- ukuthuthukiswa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism;
- ukwehla kwe-HbA1;
- ukuncishiswa kokuhlaselwa kwe-glycemic imini nobusuku;
- amandla okusebenzisa ukudla okuguqukayo;
- ukusetshenziswa kalula kwesidakamizwa.
Ezimweni lapho isiguli senqatshelwe ukusebenzisa umuthi ochungechungeni lweHumalog, udokotela angabeka enye yezidakamizwa ezifanayo, ngokwesibonelo:
- Isophane;
- Iletin;
- I-Pensulin;
- Idepho insulin C;
- I-Insulin Humulin;
- I-Rinsulin;
- I-Actrapid MS nabanye.
Umuthi wendabuko uvela njalo, uthuthukisa futhi uthuthukisa izidakamizwa ezisiza abantu abaningi ukuba balondoloze impilo nempilo. Ngokusebenzisa okufanele i-insulin yokwenziwa evela ochungechungeni lweHumalog yezidakamizwa, ungasusa unomphela ekuhlaselweni okunamandla kwe-hypoglycemia nezimpawu zokuthi "ukugula okumnandi". Kufanele njalo uhambisane nezincomo zikadokotela wakho futhi ungazideli. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho umuntu onesifo sikashukela ekwazi ukulawula lesi sifo futhi aphile ngokugcwele ngokulingana nabantu abaphilile.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokhuluma ngezimpawu ze-insulin ze-insulin.
