I-glucose idonswa ekudleni, ingena kumaseli kungakapheli amahora amabili idlile. Uma i-insulin synthole ingasebenzi, i-glucose ayikhishwa egazini. Ithebula elikhethekile litshela ukuthi imuphi ushukela wegazi kubantu besifazane ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60 uqhamuka emunweni.
Ushukela ngamanani amakhulu uhlanganiswe emzimbeni futhi, ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, uhlala emikhunjini. Igazi nge-glucose liba imbangela yezifo eziningi.
Phakathi kwezifo eziphambili ezibangelwa yilesi simo, umuntu angabiza amagama ngokuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo, i-vascular sclerosis kanye nokulimazeka kwezihlakala. Uma izinga lezinto zowesifazane lingafani, kufanele zithathwe ngokushesha.
Umsebenzi Wokucwaninga
Isimo soshukela wegazi kwabesifazane kuya ngezimo ezithile.
Izinkomba ze-glucose emzimbeni wesifazane zithinteka ikakhulu ngoshintsho emazingeni e-hormonal kanye nokudla okungafanele.
Ngokwengeziwe kulokhu okungenhla, ungabiza futhi:
- izimo ezicindezelayo
- ukubhema notshwala
- ngokweqile
- umsebenzi omkhulu womzimba.
Kubantu abadala, kungahle kube nezinguquko enkombeni evamile yoshukela yezifo:
- indlala yendawo
- indlala yegilo
- izindlala ze-adrenal.
Kwenzeka nangezifo zesibindi, isisindo ngokweqile nokukhulelwa. Kubantu abanokubekezelela okungahambi kahle, ukulinganisa ushukela wegazi kubhekwa njengokuvivinya okuyinhloko kokuthola isifo sikashukela.
Uma okuqukethwe ushukela kuyi-hyperglycemia, enezimbangela zayo. Ikakhulu, lesi simo siphawulwa ezifweni zohlelo lwe-hormonal:
- Isifo sikaCushing
- gigantism
- pheochromocytoma,
- I-thyrotooticosis,
- i-acromegaly
- somatostatinoma.
I-Hyperglycemia nayo ibonwa ngezifo zamanyikwe:
- i-pancreatitis
- cystic fibrosis,
- I-hemochromatosis,
- isimila se-pancreatic.
Izinga likashukela likhuphuka uma kukhona:
- ukusebenza kokuphazamiseka kwesibindi nezinso,
- imivimbo, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo,
- ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezine-caffeine, i-estrogen, i-thiazide,
- ngama-antibodies kuma-insulin receptors,
- ukucindezelwa okungokomzwelo nokucindezela,
- ukubhema nokusebenzisa kabi utshwala,
- imijovo ye-adrenaline.
Bangaphezu kuka-40% babo bonke abantu abane-glucose ngokweqile abanesifo sokuqina kwesikhumba.
Uma izinga loshukela wegazi kwabesifazane liphansi, singakhuluma nge-hypoglycemia. Izimbangela eziphambili zalesi simo yilezi:
- ukwephula ukumuncwa kwezakhamzimba, ukuzila ukudla isikhathi eside,
- ukusweleka kwe-glucagon, i-adenoma, i-hyperplasia, i-insulinoma,
- i-cirrhosis, i-carcinoma, i-hematitis,
- izifo ze-oncological
- i-adrenogenital syndrome, isifo sika-Addison, i-hypopituitarism,
- amafomu angewona ama-pancreatic,
- isifiso esivela kumama,
- i-insulin ngokweqile
- ukudakwa nge-chloroform, i-arsenic, ama-antihistamines,
- umkhuhlane
- ubuthi obunobuthi
- ukuthatha amphetamine ne-propranolol,
- ukulayisha ngokweqile ngokomzimba.
Izici zokunquma izinkomba zoshukela
Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukuthola umphumela oyimpumelelo. Ngosizo lwezindlela zokucwaninga zaselebhu, kungenzeka ukuthatha izilinganiso zikashukela wegazi, ngoba lokhu bathatha igazi ngomunwe.
Ukunqunywa koshukela wegazi kubantu kwenziwa ngemuva kokudla noma esiswini esingenalutho. Imiphumela isiza ekulinganiseni itafula elikhethekile. Kukhona nendlela yasekhaya yokunquma izinga kashukela emzimbeni, sikhuluma ngeglucometer yedivaysi. Le ndlela elula yokucwaninga, izinkomba zazo bese ziqhathaniswa nokuthi yini inqubo evamile kashukela egazini.
Amaphutha angenzeka phakathi kokuhlaziywa uma umoya uxhumana nendawo ebucayi yemivimbo yokuhlola. Lapho i-tube yedivaysi ingavaliwe ngokuphelele, ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kuholela ekuhlanekezelweni komphumela, futhi ucwaningo olunjalo aluthathwa njengoluthembekile.
Ungenza futhi nokutadisha ngesisu esingenalutho. Izinto ezibonakalayo zithathwa ekuseni phakathi kwamahora angu-9-11. Abantu akufanele bakudle ukudla amahora ayishumi ngaphambi kwenqubo.
Kwenqatshelwe ukuphuza utshwala kusihlwa ngaphambi kwenqubo.
Amazinga Ushukela Wabesifazane
Umzimba udinga amanani athile kashukela ukuze alondoloze amazinga wamandla. Uma ivolumu yayo ingaphezu kokujwayelekile noma ngaphansi kwayo, khona-ke icasula izifo ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi isifo sikashukela i-mellitus.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi amazinga kashukela wegazi kwabesifazane, futhi uwaqhathanise nezinkomba zamanje. Kuyemukelwa ngokuvamile ukuthi izinga elijwayelekile leglucose kubantu abadala esiswini esingenalutho lisuka ku-3.3 liye ku-5.5 mmol / L.
Kwabantu abadala abaneminyaka yobudala engama-50, amazinga kashukela ayoba ngaphezulu kancane. Amazinga kashukela egazi avumelekile aze afike eminyakeni engama-50 asebangeni le-3.3 - 5.5 mmol / L. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga elijwayelekile kuma-moles / l:
- Iminyaka engu-51 - iminyaka engama-60: 3.8 - 5.8,
- Iminyaka engama-61 - iminyaka engama-90: 4.1 - 6.2,
- kusuka eminyakeni engama-91 4,5 - 6,9.
Udinga ukwazi futhi yini ukuthi iliphi ushukela wegazi emadodeni emva kweminyaka engama-60. Okujwayelekile kuma-moles / l okulandelayo:
- ukushesha kwegazi kusuka ngomunwe ekuseni: 5.50-6.00,
- Imizuzu engama-60 ngemuva kokudla: 6.20-7.70,
- Imizuzu engu-120 ngemuva kokudla: 6.20-6.78,
- isilinganiso sikashukela wegazi emadodeni angama-5 ngemuva kokudla ngu-4,40-6.20.
Izimpawu zeshukela elandisiwe
Ukuhlungwa kweglucose ephezulu kushukela kuholela ku-vascular sclerosis. Ukugqama kwabo kuyalahleka, futhi ngokushesha baphela.
Lapho izingqimba zegazi zakha, udonga lomkhumbi lungaqhuma lube ngumkhiqizi wokopha kwangaphakathi.
Lapho kukhona inkomba egazini elingenhla okujwayelekile, kuvela lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukoma okuqandayo
- isikhumba esomile
- ukuchama njalo ngenxa yokuphuza kaningi nokucasulwa kwezindonga zesinye isichamo esimnandi,
- ukozela kanye nokuphelelwa amandla ngenxa yokugeleza kwegazi okungasebenzi kahle.
Inani elikhulu loshukela liyimbangela yezinqubo eziningana ezingezinhle:
- Ukuqina kwegazi. Uketshezi oluncane olungasebenzi luhamba emzimbeni wonke, ngenxa yalokho kunokuphulwa kokuhamba kwegazi. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-thrombosis yenzeka, futhi i-thrombi ivele emikhunjini emincane.
- Ushukela wegazi uphazamisa ukunikezwa kwegazi ezithweni ezahlukahlukene. Ngasikhathi sinye, amangqamuzana awakutholi umsoco odingekayo, ngaleyo ndlela imikhiqizo enobuthi iyanqwabelana. Ukuvuvukala kwakheka, amanxeba ayaphola kancane, nomsebenzi wezitho zonke nawo uyaphazamiseka.
- Ukushoda kwe-oksijini okungapheli kuholela ekuphazamisweni kwamaseli obuchopho.
- Ama-pathologies wezinhliziyo ayenziwa.
- Izinguquko ze-pathological ezinso ziqala.
Lapho umuntu enalezi zimpawu, kuyaphuthuma ukuthi kuhlolwe ushukela oqukethwe emzimbeni, ngoba lokhu kungakhombisa ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni, udokotela uzofinyelela iziphetho mayelana nokwelashwa okudingekayo.
Izinga elijwayelekile likashukela kwabesifazane kufanele lingaguquki, kepha kufanele wazi ukuthi iyiphi inkomba ejwayelekile yobudala bamanje.
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu eneminyaka engama-40-50, lapho kuqala ukwakhiwa kabusha kwesizinda se-hormonal.
Izimpawu zokulimala okuyingozi
I-insulin yi-hormone ye-pancreatic. Uma ushukela uyanda, khona-ke lesi sitho sikhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin.
Uma inani elikhulu le-glucose esegazini liqongelela, khona-ke i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela ibumba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ingqondo ingaqala ukusebenzisa ushukela omningi ukususa umzimba wamafutha amaningi ngokweqile.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ushukela ufakwa esibindini, okucasulayo i-hepatosis yesifo sikashukela. Lesi simo siyingozi ngoba inani elikhulu lento liqala ukusebenzisana ne-collagen yesikhumba, edingeka ukuqina nobushelelezi. I-Collagen ibhujiswa kancane kancane, okuholela ekubukekeni kwemibimbi ejulile, ephinyiselwe kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-60 ubudala.
Ukwanda koshukela kuvame ukuholela ekuntuleni kwevithamini B, okubangela izifo zabesifazane. Izakhi ezinamaminerali kanye namavithamini akumunwa ngokwanele ngumzimba kushukela. Inani elikhulu loshukela lixaka inqubo ye-metabolic, futhi bahlupheke:
- inhliziyo
- izinso
- amaphaphu.
Isifo sikashukela senza buthaka kakhulu amasosha omzimba, ngenxa yalokho, umuntu usengozini yokutheleleka ngegciwane, njengoba umzimba ulahlekelwa yimisebenzi yokuzivikela namandla.
Emantombazaneni, nakwabesilisa, ukwanda koshukela wegazi kuyinto eyejwayelekile. Mayelana nokuthi yikuphi ushukela wegazi odinga ukukwazi ngaphandle kokuhluleka.
Ukuvimbela lesi sifo kufaka ezemidlalo nokudla okwelaphayo, okumele kuhambisane nakho njalo.
Ubudlelwano beshukela kanye ne-glycated hemoglobin
I-Glycated hemoglobin iyingxenye ebalulekile ye-hemoglobin. I-glucose eningi, i-hemoglobin enjalo. Lapho kukhona isifo sikashukela, udokotela unquma ukuthi kuhlolwe inani le-hemoglobin ye-glycated. I-glycated hemoglobin assay ithembekile, ephakeme kunezivivinyo zokuhlola ushukela.
Akukho mehluko weminyaka kwi-glycated hemoglobin. Udokotela, ebheka izinguquko, unquma ukuthi yisiphi isidakamizwa esidingekayo ekwelashweni nokuthi sizoba isikhathi esingakanani.
Inzuzo yokuhlolwa ukuthi isheke lingaba ukuthi umuntu uhlala isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokudla ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa. Ukuzivocavoca nakho kungenziwa, okungeke kuthinte ukuthembeka kwemiphumela.
Lolu hlobo lwe-hemoglobin aluthinteki:
- amakhaza
- inqubo yokuvuvukala
- izingcindezi.
Ngenxa yocwaningo lwevolumu ye-hemoglobin enjalo, isifo sikashukela singabonakala ngaphambili. Ukutadisha okunjalo kubiza kancane kunokuhlolwa ushukela futhi kudinga imishini ekhethekile.
UDkt Bernstein uzokhuluma ngamazinga ajwayelekile we-glycemic kuvidiyo kule athikili.
