Umuthi i-Baeta, into esebenza ngayo yi-exenatide, uthathwa njengomuthi oyingqayizivele we-hypoglycemic. Leli thuluzi lisetshenziswa ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ikakhulukazi esisindwa ukukhuluphala.
Ukusebenza kwalesi sidakamizwa kuhlotshaniswa nemishini yokwenza into ebaluleke kakhulu, ehlisa izinga le-glucose egazini.
Kwandisa ukuvela kwe-insulin, futhi futhi, ngokuvuselela ama -retretin, futhi kuneminye imiphumela enciphisa ushukela:
- kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamaseli we-pancreatic beta, okuholela ekwandeni kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin;
- kunciphisa ukukhululeka kwe-glucagon, okwandisa okuqukethwe ushukela esibindini;
- ibambezela ukukhishwa kwesisu.
Inzuzo enkulu yento efana ne-exenatide ukuthi ikhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kusuka kwi-parenchyma, bese imisa ukugcinwa kwayo lapho amazinga eglucose legazi abuyele kokujwayelekile.
Ngakho-ke, amathuba wesimo se-hypoglycemic kumuntu acishe abe yi-zero.
Ngemuva kokuba into ingene emzimbeni womuntu, ngokushesha iqala ukwenza isenzo futhi ifinyelela inani eliphakeme lomsebenzi wayo emahoreni amabili. Isikhathi se-exenatide singamahora angama-24, ngakho-ke ukwethulwa kwayo kanye ngosuku kunikeza ukwehla kokuxwilwa koshukela ngesikhathi esifanayo samahora angama-24.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-exenatide inciphisa isifiso sikashukela, ngenxa yalokho, idla ukudla okuncane, ukuhamba kwesisu kuyancipha, futhi akuphumi ngokushesha ngokushesha.
Ngakho-ke, into enjalo ayisiqinisi kuphela ushukela osegazini, kodwa futhi iyasiza ukuqeda amanye amakhilogremu ayi-4-5.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi
Umuthi okuwukuphela kwawo oqukethe i-exenatide yiBaeta. Ngaphezu kwengxenye eyinhloko, kukhona okuqukethwe okuncane kwezinto ezingeziwe: i-sodium acetate trihydrate, i-mannitol, metacresol, i-acetic acid namanzi afakwe emanzini.
Ikhiqizwa yizinkampani ezimbili zaseSweden - i-AstraZeneca neBristol-Myers squibb Co (BMS). I-Baeta inefomu elilodwa lomthamo - ama-ampoules angama-250 mg aqukethe isisombululo esikhanyayo, ngakunye kunepeni lesirinji ekhethekile elinomthamo we-1,2 noma u-2.4 ml.
Umuthi uthengiswa ngomuthi, ngakho udokotela oholayo kuphela ongawunikeza isiguli. Ngemuva kokuthi isiguli sithole ama-ampoules, kudingeka sifunde ngokucophelela imiyalo esetshenzisiwe.
Lesi sidakamizwa sisetshenziswa kokubili nge-monotherapy kanye nokwelashwa okwengeziwe kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, lapho kungenakwenzeka ukulawula izinga le-glycemia. Umyalo uqukethe uhlu lwemithi ongahlanganisa ngayo ikhambi leBayet:
- ama-biguanides;
- izinto ezithathwe kuma-sulfonylurea;
- I-Thiazolidinedione;
- inhlanganisela ye-thiazolidinedione ne-metformin;
- inhlanganisela ye-sulfonylurea ne-metformin.
Umthamo wesidakamizwa ngu-5 mcg ngosuku ngehora eli-1 ngaphambi kokudla main. Kufakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba esiswini, engaphambili noma ethangeni. Uma ukwelashwa kuphumelele, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30 umthamo unyuswa waba ngu-10 mcg kabili ngosuku. Endabeni yokuhlanganisa umuthi nezinsizakalo ze-sulfonylurea, umthamo wokugcina uzodinga ukwehliswa ukuze ugweme ukwehla ngokushesha kwezinga loshukela. Ngesikhathi kwethulwa isixazululo, kumele kulandelwe le mithetho elandelayo:
- umuthi awutholakali ngemuva kokudla;
- Musa ukujova ngokungena noma nge-intramuscularly;
- uma isixazululo sishintshe umbala noma siqukethe izinhlayiya, akufanele zisetshenziswe;
- ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ukukhiqizwa kwe-antibody kungenzeka.
Umuthi kufanele ugcinwe endaweni emnyama kude nezingane ezincane emazingeni okushisa we-2-8C.
Impilo yeshelf iyiminyaka emi-2, kanti isisombululo esibayeni lesirinji siyizinsuku ezingama-30 emazingeni okushisa angadluli kwama-25 degrees.
Contraindication kanye nemiphumela emibi
Njengezinye izidakamizwa, isidakamizwa iBayeta sinokuphikisana okuthile:
- thayipha i-1 isifo sikashukela;
- i-ketoacidosis (ukuphazamiseka ku-carbohydrate metabolism);
- ukwehluleka kwezinso (inani le-CC elingaphansi kwama-30 ml / min);
- ukuthambekela komuntu ngamunye ezingxenyeni zomuthi;
- i-pathology yesistimu yokugaya ukudla ngaphandle kokugaya;
- ukuthwala ingane nokuncelisa;
- izingane nentsha engaphansi kweminyaka engu-18.
Kunanoma yisiphi isizathu, ngokwesibonelo, ngokusebenzisa kabi umuthi, imiphumela emibi ingahle ibe khona:
- ukungahambi kahle komzimba - i-urticaria, ukuqubuka esikhunjeni, ukulunywa;
- ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lokugaya ukudla - isicanucanu nokuhlanza, ukubumbana ngokweqile, ukuqunjelwa noma isifo sohudo, ukunciphisa isifiso sokudla nesisindo;
- ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi - ukucasulwa, ukukhathala, isiyezi nesifo sikashukela nekhanda;
- ukwehluleka kwe-hepatic noma kwe-renal;
- ukukhuphuka kwe-serum creatinine;
- isimo se-hypoglycemic, hyperhidrosis, pancreatitis.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, isiguli kufanele sibonane nodokotela ozolungisa irejimeni yokwelashwa.
Ungadinga ukwehlisa umthamo noma ume ngisho nokuthatha lo muthi.
Izindleko, ukubuyekezwa kanye nokufana kwezidakamizwa
I-Baeta yezidakamizwa ingathengwa ekhemisi noma ifake i-oda ku-Intanethi. Njengoba umuthi ungeniswa, intengo yawo, ngokufanele, iphakeme kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu ongakwazi ukuyithenga.
Izindleko ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngevolumu yesisombululo, izindleko zokuhamba kanye nomugqa womthengisi:
- I-1,2 ml ipeni lesirinji - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-4246 kuya kuma-6398;
- Ipeni lesirinji yesirinji - lisuka kuma-5301 laya ku-8430 ruble waseRussia.
Iziguli eziningi ezathola isixazululo seBayet zazenelisekile ngomuthi. Okokuqala, isetshenziswa kanye kuphela ngosuku, kanti okwesibili, kwehlisa ushukela kanye nesisindo somzimba kumuntu okhuluphele.
Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokukhishwa kwalo muthi, abakhiqizi benze ucwaningo lokumaketha lapho iziguli ezikhethwe ngokungakhethi zahlanganyela. Imiphumela yocwaningo ikhombisile ukuthi iningi labantu abaphuza umuthi laba nemiphumela elandelayo engemihle:
- I-Flatulence, ukuqunjelwa, ezimweni ezingavamile - i-pancreatitis eyingozi.
- I-Urticaria, i-pruritus, i-alopecia (ukulahlekelwa izinwele), i-angioedema, ukuqhuma kwe-maculopapular.
- Ukomisa ngenxa yokuhlanza, ukunciphisa umzimba okungafuneki.
- Ukukhathala, ukuntuleka noma ukuhlanekezela ukunambitheka.
- Umsebenzi wezinso ongonakalisiwe, izinga eliphakeme le-creatinine, ukwehluleka kwezinso noma ukuqina kwaso.
- Ngezikhathi ezithile ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic.
Ngokuqondene nama-analogues aqukethe into efanayo esebenzayo, awekho. Emakethe yemithi yaseRussia, ungathola kuphela izidakamizwa ezinomphumela ofanayo wokwelapha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-incretin mimetics - iViktoza noJanuvius. Imininingwane ethe xaxa ngabo ingatholakala kwi-Intanethi noma ubuze udokotela wakho.
Futhi-ke, i-exenatide, equkethe ukulungiswa kweBayeta, yehlisa ngempumelelo izinga leshukela egazini futhi ayiholeli ku-hypoglycemia. Udokotela unquma lo muthi, aqede ukungqubuzana okungenzeka kube khona, ukusabela okungekuhle futhi unaka izici zesiguli ngasinye. Ukufaka ikhambi ngendlela efanele, ungasusa izimpawu zesifo sikashukela isikhathi eside. Yiba nempilo!
Ukuthola ukunxeshezelwa okuqhubekayo, ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kumele kube okuphelele. Ungaselapha kanjani isifo uzotshela uchwepheshe kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
