Amazinga kashukela wegazi ancike ekusebenzeni kwalo lonke uhlelo lwe-endocrine. Kungathinteka womabili ama-hormone, izindlala ze-adrenal, indlala yegilo kanye nama-hormone ocansi.
Isilawuli esibaluleke kakhulu se-glycemia yi-pancreatic hormone - insulin. Kungangehlisa amazinga kashukela ngemuva kokudla, kusize ukuletha i-glucose ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana.
Ngakho-ke, ukunquma i-carbohydrate metabolism, kunqunyelwe ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngoshukela. Kusetshenziselwa kokubili ukuthola ukuxilonga kanye nokuqeda isifo sikashukela. Ukuze ucwaningo luthembeke, yonke imithetho yokunikela ngegazi kufanele ibonwe.
Ngubani odinga ukuhlolwa ushukela wegazi?
Igama elithi "ushukela wegazi" lisho ukuqoqwa kwama-molecule eglue, alinganiswa ku-mmol / L. Imvamisa, umzimba ugcina le nkomba ebangeni ukusuka ku-3.3 kuya ku-5.5 mmol / L. Emini, ushukela ungakhuphuka: ngemuva kokudla, ukucindezelwa ngokomzwelo, ukubhema, ukuthatha inani elikhulu lekhofi, eminye imithi.
Uma ama-pancreas esebenza ngokujwayelekile, kanye nama-insulin receptors atholakala kuzo zonke izicubu, kodwa ngesamba esikhulu kunazo zonke - esibindini, e-adipose nasezicutshini zemisipha, aphendule kuwo, khona-ke ushukela owandisiwe ngaphansi kwesenzo se-insulin usheshe ubuyela kokujwayelekile.
Kuhlobo lwe-mellitus yesifo sikashukela 1, i-insulin ayanele ukunxephezela ukukhuphuka kwe-glucose egazini, futhi isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 senzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokuntuleka kokuphendula kwezicubu kwi-hormone ekhethiwe. Ngakho-ke, ushukela wegazi ophakeme uwuphawu oluphambili lokuhlonza isifo sikashukela.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-glycemia kwenziwa ngisho noma kungekho zimpawu uma isiguli sisengozini yokuba nesifo sikashukela: kukhona izihlobo ezisondelene ezinesifo sikashukela, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngemuva kweminyaka engama-45, ukuthatha ama-hormone, i-polycystic ovary syndrome, i-metabolic syndrome, ukukhuluphala .
Uma i-glucose idlula okwejwayelekile, khona-ke izimpawu ezilandelayo zingaba:
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda, ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile nokukhathala.
- Ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla nokoma.
- Ukwehla kwesisindo okungazelelwe.
- Umlomo owomile, isikhumba, nolwelwesi lwama-mucous.
- Ukuphuma komchamo ovela kaningi.
- Ukuqhuma, amathumba avele esikhunjeni, kanti iminjunju kanye namanxeba akuhlali isikhathi eside.
- Ukulunywa okungafanele ku-groin.
- Ngenxa yokuncipha kokugomela, imikhuhlane ihlala ivela.
Uma ngabe lezi zimpawu azivezwanga noma azikho zonke esigulini, kepha kunengozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela, bese kudluliselwa lapho kudingeka khona lokhu ngoba lesi sifo sitholakale sisencane kakhulu ukuthi singalungiswa futhi singekho sibangele ubunzima.
Ngabe ihlolwa kanjani ushukela wegazi?
Ukuqwalaselwa kwayo yonke imithetho yokunikela ngegazi kwe-glycemia kubaluleke kakhulu uma lokhu kwenziwa ukukhipha noma ukuqinisekisa isifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke, iziguli zidinga ukwenqaba ukudla amahora angama-8-10 ngaphambi kocwaningo, futhi izinsuku ezingama-2-3 ukukhipha ukudla okuningana kwamaswidi nenyama enamafutha noma ukudla kobisi.
Kungcono ukuthi ufike elabhorethri ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho, ngaphandle kosuku lokuhlaziywa kwengcindezi engokomzwelo neyomzwelo, ukubhema, ezemidlalo. Awungeke futhi uphuze lutho ngaphandle kwamanzi ahlanzekile. Isiguli akufanele sihlolwe ngenkathi kunezifo ezithathelwanayo, ngokushesha ngemuva kokulimala noma ukuhlinzwa.
Uma imithi iye yanqunyelwa, ikakhulukazi i-hormonal (kufaka phakathi ukulawulwa kokubeletha), ama-painkillers noma izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala, ama-diuretics, ama-antihypertensives, kanye naleyo ye-neurological, khona-ke ukukhanselwa kwawo kufanele kuvunyelwane nodokotela. Akunconyelwe ukuphuza utshwala ngosuku olwandulela ucwaningo.
Imiphumela yokuhlaziywa kufanele ihlolwe ngudokotela kuphela, ngoba kubalulekile ukuthi ungagcini nje ukuthola iqiniso lokukhuphuka kweglucose egazini, kodwa kanye nezinga layo. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, ngamanani aphakathi nendawo phakathi kwe-mellitus ejwayelekile nesifo sikashukela, kungaxilongwa ukuxilongwa kwesimo se-prediabetesic state.
Imiphumela elandelayo ingatholakala ku-mmol / L:
- Isimo sikashukela singama-3.3-5.5.
- I-Hypoglycemia ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela - ngezansi 3.3.
- Isifo sikashukela singaphezu kuka-5.5, kodwa ngaphansi kuka-6.1.
- Isifo sikashukela - ngaphezu kwe-6.1.
Ngemuva kokuthola amanani angahambelani nesithombe somtholampilo noma isiqinisekiso sokutholwa, ukuhlaziya kuvame ukwenziwa kabili - ngezinsuku ezahlukahlukene. Uma kutholakala isifo sikashukela se-latent, kuhlolwa isivivinyo sokubekezelela ushukela.
Kunconywa ngokwanda okuqhubekayo kwengcindezi yegazi, i-cholesterol yegazi, ukukhuluphala kanye nengqondo yesifo sikashukela.
Ukuya esikhathini kuwathinta kanjani amazinga kashukela?
Ama-hormone ocansi angadala ushintsho kushukela wegazi, futhi lokhu kungabizwa ikakhulukazi emzimbeni wesifazane, kuya ngezigaba zomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. Izinsuku zokuqala ezingama-5-7 zomjikelezo zihambisana nokopha. Ngalesi sikhathi, amazinga aphansi kakhulu e-estrogen ne-progesterone. Maphakathi nomjikelezo, ukukhiqizwa kwawo kuyanda, ku-ovary kunenqubo yokuvuthwa kweqanda, elilungiselela ukukhiqizwa kwe-ovulation nokukhulelwa.
Ngosuku lwe-15-17, kukhona ukwanda kwe-estrogen egazini, iqanda lidlula lisuka e-ovary lidlule kwi-fallopian tube liye esibelethweni. Lapho-ke, izinga le-progesterone egazini liyakhuphuka, okuthinta okunamathiselwe kweqanda elihlanganisiwe odongeni lwesibeletho. Uma ukukhulelwa kungenzeki, khona-ke ama-hormone ocansi anciphisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa nokwenzeka kokuya esikhathini.
Inkambo ye-mellitus yesifo sikashukela sowesifazane nowesilisa ihluka ngokufanelekile ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwesizinda se-hormonal ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, ngakho-ke esigabeni sesibili i-glycemia iyakhuphuka futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukuzwela kwesenzo se-insulin kuyancipha. Ngakho-ke, ngalesi sikhathi kuyadingeka ukulungisa ukwethulwa kwaleli hormone, kuye ngezinga loshukela wegazi.
Umphumela wama-hormone kushukela uvezwa kanjena:
- Ama-estrogens akhulisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana ku-insulin, athuthukise ukufakwa kweglucose egazini, bese kuthi glycemia inciphe.
- I-Progesterone ithuthukisa i-syndrome yokuphikisana ne-insulin, ibangele ukwanda koshukela.
- I-Testosterone isiza i-glycemia ephansi.
Ngakho-ke, impendulo yombuzo ojwayelekile - kungenzeka ukunikela ngegazi ngoshukela ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, kuyadingeka ngale ndlela: uma kungenzeka ukuthi kwenziwe izivivinyo ngosuku lwe-7 lomjikelezo, umphumela uyoba othembeke ngokwengeziwe.
Uma kunesidingo, ucwaningo oluphuthumayo lwenziwa nganoma yiluphi usuku lomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, kepha udinga ukuxwayisa udokotela ngokuqala kokuya esikhathini.
Yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungabekelwe ukuya esikhathini?
Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela, awudingi ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini ukuze ugcotshwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokulahleka kwegazi okukhona. Inani le-erythrocyte sedimentation lingakhushulwa ngamanga, elingathathwa njengesibonakaliso senqubo yokuvuvukala noma yokutheleleka.
Ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, inani lamaplatelet, i-hemoglobin, amaseli amhlophe egazi liyancishiswa, namaseli ebomvu egazi angakhuphuka. Ukuhlanganiswa kwegazi nokuqukethwe kwe-hemoglobin kuyancipha ngalesi sikhathi. Ukwakheka kwegazi kwe-biochemical nakho kuyashintshwa, ngakho-ke ukutadisha kwabo akunconywa.
Ukuze imiphumela yokuhlolwa ikhombise isithombe sangempela somtholampilo, zonke lezi zivivinyo zenziwa ngosuku lwesikhombisa lomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, lapho izibalo zegazi zizinzile. Lokhu kusebenza kuphela ezivivinyweni ezihleliwe noma ze-dispensary; ngokwezinkomba eziphuthumayo, zithunyelwa ukuyohlaziywa kungakhathalekile ukuthi kungakanani isigaba somjikelezo.
Ngokuya esikhathini, futhi akunconywa ukwenza izifundo ezinjalo:
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-allergological.
- Ukuhlaziywa kwe-immunological kanye ne-tumor markers.
- Ukusabela kwe-Polymerase chain (PCR).
Ukuhlanekezela kwemiphumela nakho kungahambelana nesizinda sowesifazane othatha ama-painkillers nezidakamizwa ze-antispasmodic ukudambisa izinhlungu zokuya esikhathini.
Kungcono ukunquma ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini lapho kuthola izinga lamahomoni anjalo: i-prolactin, i-luteinizing hormone, i-cortisol, i-follicle-stimulating (FSH), i-testosterone ne-estradiol. Ukuxilongwa kweSerological kwezifo ezithathelwanayo kungenzeka kungabekezelelwa ngenxa yokuya esikhathini, ngoba isizinda se-hormonal asikuthinti.
Imithetho yokunikela ngegazi kumazinga kashukela izovalwa kwividiyo ekulesi sihloko.
