Njengoba wazi, isifo sikashukela yisifo esingaqhamukela kunoma yimuphi umuntu, kungakhathalekile ubulili noma ubudala. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zalesi sifo, zihlukaniswa ngokuya ngezimpawu ezithile, izimpawu zokubonakaliswa, ubunzima benkambo, kanye nesikhathi lapho ukugula kuvela khona.
Isibonelo, isifo sikashukela esibonakalayo sikhula ngokukhethekile kwabesifazane abakhulelwe futhi singase sihambisane nezimpawu ezithile ezikhona emzimbeni wobulili obuhle, osesigabeni sokulinda ukuzalwa kwengane yakhe.
Ukuthola ukuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela, kudingeka uqonde ngqo ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezibonakala ngohlobo oluthile lwezifo zesifo. Futhi ngenxa yalokhu kubalulekile ukuqala ufunde ukuthi uluhlobo luni lwesifo sisonke nokuthi yiziphi izimbangela zokubonakala kwalo.
Okokuqala, isifo sikashukela sisho izifo ezihambisana nokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic emzimbeni. Okungukuthi, inqubo yokuphazamiseka okubalulekile komzimba emzimbeni womuntu.
Izici eziyinhloko zalesi sifo yilezi:
- i-hyper- noma i-glycoglecomia, ekhula kancane kancane ibe ifomu elingamahlalakhona;
- ukwephulwa kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin emzimbeni;
- ukungasebenzi kwezitho eziningi zangaphakathi;
- ukungaboni kahle
- ukhubazeka kwemithambo yegazi nokuningi.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isifo sikashukela sithinta umsebenzi wazo zonke izitho zangaphakathi zomuntu. Futhi, uma ungaqali ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo, isimo sizoba sibi kuphela. Ikakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngomzimba wowesifazane okhulelwe. Kulokhu, hhayi impilo yakhe kuphela ehlupheka, kodwa futhi nengane yakhe engakazalwa.
Lesi sifo sivame kangakanani?
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi e-Russian Federation, cishe amaphesenti amahlanu abesifazane banalolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela.
Ngakho-ke, singasho ngokuphephile ukuthi ukubhebhetheka kwalesi sifo kwenza odokotela bathathe ukuhlolwa kwabo bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe ushukela ngokubaluleke kakhulu. Futhi lokhu kuyaqapheleka, lapho nje umuntu wesifazane esesibhalisile emtholampilo, unikezwa izinkomba ezithile zokuthi ayohlolwa.
Phakathi kwayo yonke inkimbinkimbi yokuhlolwa, kukhona okuphakamisa ukuthatha izivivinyo, kubandakanya amazinga kashukela egazini.
Kepha ngaphezu kokukhombisa ushukela, zingakhona ezinye izinhlobo zokugula kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Okungukuthi:
- Isifo sikashukela sokudla.
- Ukuhlafunwa.
Uma sikhuluma ngohlobo lokuqala lokugula, khona-ke isifo sikashukela esenzeka ngaphambi komzuzu wokukhulelwa kwengane. Kungaba ushukela wohlobo lokuqala noma owesibili.
Ngokuqondene nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, futhi singaba ngezinhlobo eziningana. Ngokuya ngenqubo yokwelapha esetshenziswayo, kukhona izinhlobo zikashukela ezihlukaniselwe ukudla nokudla okuhlanganisiwe, okuhlanganiswa ne-insulin.
Hhayi, uhlobo lokugcina lokugula. Kulokhu, sikhuluma ngesifo esatholwa kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kowesifazane.
Ngokuyisisekelo, lesi sifo siyehluka esithombeni somtholampilo kanye nefomu lesifundo. Izimpawu zingahluka ngokuya ngesikhathi sesifo, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukubhekana nezinkinga, futhi, ngendlela yokwelashwa. Ake sithi, ezigabeni zakamuva, ushintsho esimweni semikhumbi lubonisiwe, yiqiniso, olubi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunokulimazeka okubukwayo okubalulekile, ukuba khona kwe-arterial hypertension noma i-retino- ne-neuropathy.
Ngendlela, maqondana ne-hypertension ye-arterial, cishe isigamu sabesifazane abakhulelwe, okungukuthi ngamaphesenti angamashumi ayisithupha enani lilonke leziguli ezinale phawu.
Futhi uma ubheka iqiniso lokuthi kunenkinga efanayo yalabo besifazane abakhulelwe abangenazo izinkinga ushukela, khona-ke kuleli cala izimpawu zizokhulunywa kakhulu.
Ungaselapha kanjani lesi sifo?
Kuyacaca ukuthi irejimeni yokwelashwa incike esigabeni sesifundo. Futhi nokuthi zikhona yini izinkinga, futhi, iqiniso, iqiniso lokuthi odokotela beliqapha ngokucophelela kangakanani isimo sowesifazane okhulelwe nalo libalulekile.
Ake sithi wonke umuntu wesifazane kufanele akhumbule ukuthi okungenani kanye emavikini amabili udinga ukuya kudokotela wakhe we-grenecologist ayohlolwa. Kuliqiniso, ukufikelwa kwesikhathi okunjalo kuyadingeka esigabeni sokuqala sokukhulelwa. Kepha ngokwesibili, imvamisa yokuhambela udokotela kuzodingeka ukuthi inyuswe, ngalesi sikhathi sokukhulelwa, udokotela kufanele avakashelwe okungenani kanye ngesonto.
Kepha ngaphezu kwe-obstetrician-gynecologist, kufanele futhi uvakashele i-endocrinologist. Imvamisa okungenani okungenani njalo emavikini amabili, kepha uma lesi sifo sisesigabeni sesinxephezelo, lapho-ke kudingeka uye kudokotela kaningi.
Uma owesifazane engazange akhononde ngaphambili ngezinkinga ezinoshukela, futhi isifo sikashukela satholakala okokuqala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, khona-ke umsebenzi odokotela ukunciphisa ukunxephezelwa kwalesi sifo ngokushesha okukhulu futhi bazame ukunciphisa izingozi zokuxinwa, zombili umama nengane.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuzibamba nesiguli uqobo. Isiguli ngasinye kufanele siqonde ukuthi kaningi kufanele siqaphe amazinga kashukela egazini lakhe futhi siqiniseke ukuthi awawi noma akhuphuke ngaphezu kwesimo esikhonjisiwe. Futhi-ke, udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi kulokhu kutholwa, ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezihambisanayo kungenzeka, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuzithola zisencane bese uzama ukuziqeda ngokuphelele.
Ungasebenzisa kanjani ukulawula?
Ukulawulwa kokushukela kwegazi kufanele kwenziwe nsuku zonke izikhathi ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili ngosuku.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwenziwa kaningi kwenziwa kokuqukethwe ushukela emzimbeni, kuba lula kakhulu kudokotela oholayo ukukhetha indlela yokwelapha ukulawula le nkomba yomzimba.
Ngokubonisana nodokotela onesifo sikashukela, uzoncoma isikhathi esifanele kakhulu sokuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela emzimbeni.
Odokotela batusa ukwenza lokhu:
- ngaphambi kokudla;
- ihora noma amabili ngemuva kokudla;
- ngaphambi kokulala;
- futhi, uma kunesidingo esinjalo, khona-ke ngehora lesithathu ekuseni.
Kuyiqiniso, lezi izincomo ezilinganiswayo; isiguli ngasinye kufanele silalele izeluleko zikadokotela aso kuzo. Isibonelo, uma ekubona kuyinto eyamukelekayo lapho isiguli silinganisa ushukela kuphela amahlandla ayisihlanu ngosuku, khona-ke lokhu kuvama kwanele, kepha uma udokotela efuna ukuzithiba okuthe xaxa, kuzodingeka ukuthi uyiphindaphinde le nqubo kaningi.
Izinkomba ezihamba phambili yilezi:
- IGlucose ngesikhathi sokulala, esiswini esingenalutho nangaphambi kokudla - 5.1 mmol ilitha ngalinye.
- Ushukela ngehora ngemuva kokudla - 7.0 mmol ilitha ngalinye.
Ngaphezu kwe-glucose, isiguli kufanele futhi sithathe ezinye izindlela zokuzithiba, imiphumela yaso esizosiza udokotela oholayo ukuba aphethe ngenhlala-kahle kamama esizayo nengane yakhe. Isibonelo, i-ketonuria kufanele yenziwe njalo. Futhi udinga ukukwenza lokhu nsuku zonke esiswini esingenalutho ekuseni kakhulu, futhi uma kwenzeka une-glycemia, okungukuthi lapho ushukela ukhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-11 noma 12 mmol ilitha ngalinye.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma i-acetone itholakala kowesifazane okhulelwe esiswini esingenamuntu emchameni wayo, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa ukuthi unephula umsebenzi we-nitrogen-excreting wezinso noma isibindi. Uma lesi simo siqashelwa isikhathi eside, khona-ke isiguli kufanele silaliswe esibhedlela ngokushesha.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuvakashela njalo i-ophthalmologist.
Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kunqunywe ukungahambi kahle okubonakalayo ngesikhathi futhi kunciphise ubungozi bokuqhamuka nemikhakha yokubona eyinkimbinkimbi.
Yini okudingeka uyikhumbule?
Ngaphezu kwawo wonke amathiphu angenhla, nawo wonke umuntu wesifazane okhulelwe kufanele azi ukuthi angalawula kanjani isisindo somzimba wakhe. Kuyaziwa ukuthi bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe abanesifo sikashukela, ngokwesilinganiso, bathola amakhilogremu ayishumi nambili ngokukhulelwa kwabo. Lezi izinkomba ezihamba phambili. Yebo, uma kunezinkinga zokukhuluphala, khona-ke isibalo akufanele sibe ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayisikhombisa noma ayisishiyagalombili.
Ukugwema ukushesha ngokweqile kwesisindo, owesifazane uyanconywa ngokuzivocavoca umzimba okhethekile. Masithi kunconyelwa ukuhamba kakhulu, ngesonto okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 isiyonke. Kuyasiza futhi ukubhukuda, ukwamukela, kokubili echibini kanye nasemanzini emvelo wezinto.
Kubalulekile ukugwema ukuzivocavoca okubangela ukuthuthukiswa komfutho wegazi ophakeme. Futhi-ke, awukwazi ukwenza noma yikuphi ukuvivinya umzimba okusindayo ukuze ungabangeli i-uterine hypertonicity.
Vele, njenganoma yisiphi esinye isifo, lesi sifo singalawulwa futhi. Kuliqiniso, ngalokhu uhlala udinga ukulalela izeluleko zikadokotela futhi wazi ngqo ukuthi ukuzihlola kwenziwa kanjani.
Futhi uma kukhona ukuthikameza kwesimo sezempilo kutholakele, khona-ke kufanele ngokushesha ufune izeluleko ezengeziwe kudokotela wakho.
Izici zokuphathwa kwabasebenzi
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, uma inhlala-kahle kamama ibhekwa ngendlela efanele ngesikhathi esifanele, khona-ke imiphumela eminingi emibi yesifo esingaphansi kwayo ingagwenywa.
Ngakho-ke, akusizi ngalutho ukusho ukuthi owesifazane okhulelwe onesifo sikashukela angaba nobunzima ngokuzala umntwana. Lokhu kwenzeka kuphela esimweni uma impilo kamama iwohloka kakhulu ngenxa yokuphathwa ngokungafanele kwesifo esiyisisekelo noma ngenxa yokuxilongwa kwesifo okungafanele.
Kuliqiniso, kunento eyodwa okufanele ibhekwe. Yikuthi cishe njalo umntwana ozalwa ngumama onesifo sikashukela unesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu amane. Kungakho-ke, lesi sigaba sabantu besifazane esezabasebenzi sivame ukunqunyelwa isigaba senkosikazi. Uma owesifazane enquma ukuzala yena, khona-ke ukuzala izingane ngesifo sikashukela kuzohambisana nezikhala ezinzima.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi muva nje abesifazane abaningi ngokwengeziwe bazala ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ethile. Ikakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngesigaba se-cesarean. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukukhetha lolu hlobo lwe-anesthesia kusengaphambili, khetha umuthi ofanele kuye ngokuthi yikuphi ukungabekezeleleki kwanoma yiziphi izingxenye eziyingxenye yawo.
Esimweni sowesifazane okhulelwe onesifo sikashukela, kudingeka uqonde ukuthi ama-painkillers, kanye nezinye izidakamizwa ezibekelwe owesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, udokotela kufanele enze ukuhlolwa okugcwele kwesiguli bese kuphela onquma umuthi othize.
Kwenzekani emzimbeni ngemuva kokubeletha?
Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi akukho okuphikisana nokuncelisa ingane yakhe kumama ophethwe yisifo sikashukela. Vele, kungaba khona okuhlukile uma isimo sezempilo sikamama sesikhule kakhulu, futhi udokotela ebeke nemithi eyengeziwe, eqinisweni, engathinta umzimba womntwana ngokubi.
Uma ukhetha phakathi kwezidakamizwa ezinciphisa i-insulin noma ushukela ngendlela yamaphilisi, khona-ke kungcono ukukhetha indlela yokuqala, kunjalo, uma umama wakho esevele ethathe i-analogue yale hormone yabantu ngaphambili. Uma unika izintandokazi ezibhebheni, khona-ke kukhona ingozi enkulu yokukhula kwe-hypoglycemia enganeni.
Kungcono uma ungakwazi ukulawula ushukela wegazi lowesifazane ngosizo lokudla okhethekile, kepha, ngeshwa, lokhu akwenzeki kaningi.
Enye into yesifo sikashukela esibonakalayo ukuthi ngisho nangemva kokubeletha, izinga loshukela egazini lowesifazane alinciphi, ngakho-ke kufanele uqhubeke nokwelashwa. Futhi, ngokufanele, owesifazane kufanele aqhubeke nokuzibamba futhi aqaphe ukusebenza kwakhe ngokwengeziwe.
Futhi ngemuva kokubeletha, umama onenkinga yesifo “esimnandi” kufanele ahlolwe njalo ngudokotela wobeleki kanye ne-endocrinologist. Ekugcineni, uma kunesidingo, kumele kulungiswe inkambo nezindlela zokwelashwa.
Ukuvimbela okuthandwa kakhulu
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi kuze kube namuhla, odokotela abakwazanga ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokuvimbela ezizosiza ngokuphelele ukuqeda lesi sifo, futhi esimweni esihle kakhulu, ukuvimbela ngokuphelele ukukhula kwayo.
Ukuphela kwento umuntu angenza ngayo ukuzama ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nesifo bese uzama ukumisa ukuthuthukiswa kobunzima balesi sifo.
Isibonelo, ungamisa lesi sifo esigabeni lapho kungafanele uthathe khona izidakamizwa ezikhethekile, esinciphisa izinga likashukela egazini, kuzokwanela ukunamathela ekudleni okukhethekile kanye nendlela yokuphila enempilo. Ungagwema noma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo lapho owesifazane elindele umntwana. Yebo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, yenza konke okusemandleni ukuze umntwana wesikhathi esizayo angabi nalesi sifo.
Ekhuluma ngqo ngesifo sikashukela esibonakalayo, kungavinjelwa uma uchaza kusengaphambili kumuntu ngqo ukuthi ziyini izimbangela zokuthuthuka kwalesi sifo, yiziphi izindlela zokuqapha okufanele zithathwe nokuthi ungasibhekana kanjani nalesi sifo emabangeni okuqala entuthuko.
Konke lokhu kuvimbela kwenziwa ngqo emtholampilo nasenkabeni ye-perinatal. Udokotela ohlinzayo uchazela owesifazane ukuthi yikuphi ukugula okungakhula kuye, nokuthi yini okuyingozi kubo bobabili umama nakomntwana wakhe ongakazalwa. Yebo futhi, kunjalo, unikeza izeluleko zokuthi ungasigwema kanjani lesi sifo.
Lawa mathiphu ajwayelekile, aqala ekudleni okufanele, aphela ngokuqaliswa kokuzivocavoca okuthile komzimba.
Yebo, kunjalo, kufanele uzame ukugwema ukucindezela, ukusebenza ngokweqile futhi uqede ngokuphelele ukubhema nokuphuza iziphuzo ezinamandla.
Yini ebangela isifo sikashukela?
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, isifo sikashukela esibonakalayo senzeka kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuxilonga ngokushesha. Kungakho owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele akhumbule ukuthi kungokwenzalo yakhe ukukala njalo izinga likashukela wegazi ngokuzimela.
Isifo sikashukela esibonakalayo siyingozi kumama okhulelwe nengane yakhe ngoba ihlala ihambisana ne-hyperglycemia. Ngakho-ke, ukukala njalo kwamazinga kashukela egazini kubaluleke kakhulu. Kaningi okulesi simo, isiguli sinqunywe ukwethulwa kwe-analog ye-insulin yabantu ngendlela yemijovo.
Isizathu esikhulu kunazo zonke sokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kulesi sigaba seziguli kubhekwa njengokuphambili kwalesi sifo nokuphazamiseka okubalulekile emzimbeni.
Vele, kunzima kakhulu ukubekezelela ushukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kungakho-ke, cishe bonke odokotela bethi ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, owesifazane kufanele ahlolwe ngokuphelele ngabaningi abangochwepheshe abancane. Phakathi kwabo kukhona i-endocrinologist, uma ethola noma yikuphi ukwephulwa, uzokwazi ukubeka umuntu wesifazane emqopheni futhi abheke nezinguquko empilweni yakhe.
Ngendlela, ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wezingane ngezinkinga umama abhekana nazo ngenkathi ethwele ingane. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvikela ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela emithini, futhi uma kwenzeka kunesifo sikashukela esidala, sinciphisa imiphumela bese siqala ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
Olunye uhla lwezimbangela ezibonakalayo zokuthuthuka kwalesi sifo kufanele lufake ukungahambisani nemithetho yokudla, ukusebenza njalo ngokweqile, ukukhathala ngokweqile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile. Kubalulekile ukulalela udokotela wakho ngokucophelela futhi ulandele izeluleko zakhe, kulesi simo ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokhuluma ngezici zesifo sikashukela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
