Inani elikhulu labantu elivame ukuba nesifo sikashukela linentshisekelo endabeni yokuqina kokuqina kwe-insulin, ukuthi kuyini nokuthi kuyingozi kangakanani emzimbeni.
Lo mkhuba kwezokwelapha unegama lesibili - i-metabolic syndrome.
I-metabolic syndrome ibonakala ngesici esiyinhloko, okusho ukuthi i-insulin ye-hormone ekhiqizwa ngumzimba iyeka ukubonwa ngamangqamuzana ama-tishu ancike kwi-insulin. Le nto iholela eqinisweni lokuthi ama-hormone akhiqizwa amaseli we-beta we-pancreas awakwazi ukufeza imisebenzi ayinikezwe emzimbeni.
Ukungavikeleki kwamaseli ancike e-insulin kwi-hormone insulin kuholela ekuphazamisweni komzimba we-carbohydrate metabolism, ukumelana ne-insulin kukhula emzimbeni womuntu, isb. isimo esimeme sokungabonakali kwe-insulin ngamaseli. Lesi simo sikhalisa ukwephulwa kokufakwa kwezicubu ze-glucose ngamangqamuzana, okuholela kokuvela kokudalwa kwamaseli nokukhula kwezimo ze-pathological kanye nezinguquko cishe kuzo zonke izitho nezinhlelo zazo.
Ngokuya ngezigaba zezokwelapha, i-metabolic syndrome ayabiwa njengesifo esihlukile. Le nto ikhula emzimbeni wesiguli ehlushwa yizifo ezine ngasikhathi sinye:
- umfutho wegazi ophakeme
- ukukhuluphala
- inhliziyo ischemia;
- thayipha isifo sikashukela esi-2.
Le nkinga yokugula iyingozi ikakhulukazi kubantu futhi ingaholela ekwandeni kweziyaluyalu ezinkulu emzimbeni, njengokuthi, ngokwesibonelo, i-arteriosranceosis yemithambo yegazi yesistimu yokujikeleza kwegazi, yehlile i-potency emadodeni, ama-polycystic ovaries, ukukhula kwesifo sohlangothi nokushaywa yinhliziyo.
Izimbangela eziphambili zokuthuthukiswa kwe-metabolic syndrome
I-insulin ekhiqizwa amaseli we-pancreatic izicubu yenza imisebenzi eminingi ehambisana nokulawulwa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic.
Umgomo oyinhloko we-hormone ukwakheka kwezibopho ezinama-receptors akhethekile ebusweni bezitho zamangqamuzana amaseli athambele kuyi-insulin. Ngenxa yokwakheka kwenkimbinkimbi enjalo, ushukela uthuthwa ngaphakathi kwesikhala seseli, ngenxa yalokho, iseli liyondleka.
Lapho ukungatheleleki kwe-insulin kwenzeka, hhayi kuphela ushukela kodwa futhi nokuqongelela i-insulin egazini, okuholela kokungasebenzi kahle kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kokuphendula kwe-metabolic.
Isifo se-metabolic empeleni sikhula ngenxa yokuvela kwamaseli wento efana nokumelana ne-insulin. Ukuphikiswa kwe-insulin uqobo kungadalwa yizigaba ezahlukahlukene zezizathu ezahlukahlukene.
Izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa kokungazinzi kwama-cell membrane receptors ku-insulin yilezi:
- Isakhi sofuzo.
- Ukudla ukudla okuqukethe inani elikhulu lamafutha nama-carbohydrate.
- Ukuhola indlela yokuphila yokuhlala.
- Isiguli sandise isikhathi eside isifo se-arterial hypertension.
- Ukusetshenziswa kaningi kokudla okuphansi kwekhalori.
- Ukuvela kwezimo ezicindezela njalo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingabaphikisi be-insulin.
- Ukweqisa kwe-insulin ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesizinda se-hormonal.
- Ukuqala kobuthongo.
- Shintsha emzimbeni wamadoda ekubeni mdala.
Isisusa sofuzo ngenxa yokuthola ukungazwisisi okuthile kwe-insulin ezingeni lofuzo. Uhlobo oludala ukuvela kokungazwisiseki lutholakala ku-chromosome ye-19.
Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zomzimba kuholela kulezi zinguquko ezilandelayo:
- amaseli anenombolo eyanele yama-receptor ngaphezulu kolwelwesi lweseli;
- ama-receptors aba insensitive;
- amasosha omzimba aqala ukukhiqiza amasosha omzimba avimba ama-receptors kulwelwesi lweseli;
- ukukhiqizwa kwamanyikwe kwe-insulin engajwayelekile.
Ukusetshenziswa kaningi kokudla okuphezulu emafutheni nakuma-carbohydrate kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ebamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwesifo se-metabolic emzimbeni wesiguli.
Ukuba khona kwamafutha amaningi emzimbeni emzimbeni kunomthelela ekuthuthukiseni ukukhuluphala.
Izimpawu zokuthuthuka kwalesi sifo
I-Metabolic syndrome yisifo esingavusa ukuphazamiseka okukhulu emzimbeni.
Lesi sifo emzimbeni siqala singanakwa.
Ehlelweni lokuqhubeka kwalo, lesi sifo asibangeli buhlungu, kepha ukuthuthuka okunjalo kwalesi sifo akusenzi sibe yingozi ebantwini.
Ukumelana ne-insulin kunendlela elandelayo yokuthuthukisa emzimbeni:
- Ukunciphisa umzimba ngokomzimba kanye nezinkinga zokudla kubangela ukwehla kokuzwela kwe-membrane receptors ku-insulin.
- Ama-pancreas akhiqiza inani elikhulayo le-insulin ukuze kunqotshwe ukungaxhamazeli okuphumayo kwama-receptors, okudingekayo ekuhlinzekeni okugcwele kwe-glucose kumaseli.
- Inani elikhulayo le-insulin emzimbeni livusa ukukhula kwe-hyperinsulinemia, okuholela ekuthuthukiseni ukukhuluphala, ukuphazamiseka ohlelweni lwe-lipid metabolism, ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu yemithambo yegazi kanye nokwenyuka komfutho wegazi.
- Inani elikhulayo le-glucose engafakwanga ku-plasma yegazi likhuthaza ukukhula kwe-hyperglycemia emzimbeni. Ukugxilisa ushukela omkhulu kuphakamisa ukuguga kweseli ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ngokuthuthuka emzimbeni wokwephulwa okunjengokungamelana ne-insulin emzimbeni, le mizwa elandelayo ye-subjective iyabonakala:
- ukuhlaselwa kokuwohloka kwesimo esimweni sokulamba;
- ukubukeka kokukhathala okwandayo;
- ukukhetha okuphezulu ekudleni;
- ukuvela kokuhlaselwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo;
- Ubuhlungu enhliziyweni;
- ukuvela kwekhanda;
- ukubonakala komzwa wokucanuzelelwa kwenhliziyo kanye nokuntuleka kokuxhumana kokunyakaza;
- ukoma okwandayo nomlomo owomile;
- ukubonakala kokuthambekela kokuqunjelwa;
- ukubukeka kokujuluka kokujuluka.
Ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle kwe-metabolic syndrome yizimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ukukhuluphala kwesisu, kubonakaliswa ngokubonakala kwamafutha esiswini nasebhande lamahlombe.
- Ukuvela kwamabala abomvu esifubeni nasentanyeni. Izimpawu ezinjalo ziyizibonakaliso zokucindezela kwegazi okuphezulu okuhambisana nokuvela kwemithambo yemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo. I-Spasm yemithambo icasulwa ukweqiwa kwe-insulin egazini.
Ocwaningweni lwelabhoratri, izibonakaliso eziphambili ze-metabolic syndrome ukwanda kwenani lama-triglycerides, ukwehla kwenani lama-lipoprotein, ukukhuphuka kwe-cholesterol, ukwanda kokuzila okusheshayo kweglucose nabanye.
Ukuxilonga i-metabolic syndrome
Ukwelashwa kwe-metabolic syndrome kwenziwa ngama-endocrinologists.
Ngenqubo yokuthuthukisa ukugula, kuvela iziphithiphithi ezahlukahlukene ezingadinga ukubonisana nabanye ochwepheshe bezokwelapha, njengokuthi. Isibonelo, i-Therapist, i-cardiologist kanye ne-wezempilo.
Lapho uvakashela i-endocrinologist, inqubo yokuxilonga yenzeka ngezigaba eziningana.
Izigaba eziphambili zokuxilongwa yilezi ezilandelayo:
- ukuphenywa kwesiguli;
- ukuhlolwa kwesiguli;
- izifo zaselabhorathri.
Lapho wenza inhlolovo yeziguli, udokotela oholayo uqoqa imininingwane futhi ahlanganise umlando wezokwelapha. Lolu cwaningo luhlinzekela ukucaciswa kwezimo zokuphila, imikhuba yokudla kanye nemikhuba yokudla, ukuba khona kokukhuluphala ezihlotsheni eziseduze, ukuba khona kwesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ephezulu.
Lapho wenza ukuhlolwa kwesiguli, udokotela ohambelayo wenza:
- Ukunqunywa kohlobo lokukhuluphala.
- Kukala ukujikeleza kwesiguli.
- Inquma ubudlelwano phakathi kokujikeleza okhalweni nokujikeleza okhalweni.
- Kukala ukukhula futhi kukala isiguli.
Ukwenza ucwaningo lwelabhoratri lapho kutholakala khona ukugula kubandakanya izifundo ezilandelayo:
- ukulinganiswa kwe-cholesterol ephelele egazini;
- ukukalwa kwenani le-lipoprotein ephezulu yamaseli kanye ne-cholesterol ephezulu yomzimba emzimbeni;
- ukuzimisela kwenani lama-lipoprotein asezingeni eliphansi kanye ne-cholesterol ephansi emzimbeni;
- ukuzimisela kwe-triglycerides egazini;
- isilinganiso se-glucose yokushesha;
- ukukala inani le-insulin emzimbeni;
- ukukala inani leptin emzimbeni.
Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yezimpendulo nokuhlolwa kwelebhu, udokotela uphetha ngokuthi isiguli sinesifo se-metabolic.
Ukwelashwa kokuphazamiseka emzimbeni
Isiguli ngasinye esitholakala sinesifo se-metabolic sidinga indlela eyodwa yokwelashwa. Ukukhethwa kwezidakamizwa kuncike kakhulu esiteji kanye nezimbangela zokuthuthuka kokukhuluphala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhetha kwezidakamizwa kuncike emiphumeleni yezifundo ze-biochemical zokuqukethwe kwezakhi ezithile ku-plasma yegazi.
Ukuqaliswa kokulashwa kwezidakamizwa kwe-insulin ukumelana kwe-insulin kuhloswe kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukutholwa kwe-insulin, ukuqinisa inkomba ye-glucose emzimbeni kanye nokwenza inqubo ibe ngejwayelekile ezinqubekweni ze-fat metabolism
Ehlelweni lokwelapha izidakamizwa, amaqembu alandelayo wezidakamizwa asetshenziswa:
- Amavithamini Izidakamizwa ezinhle zibandakanya i-Complivit Diabetes ne-Oligim.
- Izidakamizwa ze-Hypolipidemic.
- Izidakamizwa zokunciphisa ukumelana ne-insulin.
- Izidakamizwa ezikhulisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin.
- Izidakamizwa ezenza ukuthi umzimba usebenzise umzimba kanye nomfutho wegazi.
- Izidakamizwa ama-inhibitor angamafutha.
- Izidakamizwa ezithinta isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi nendawo futhi zivimbela iphango.
Ekwelapheni i-metabolic syndrome, akunconywa ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa eziseqenjini lama-anorectics acindezela iphango. Le mishanguzo inegalelo ekunciphiseni okukhulu kakhulu kokuzwela kwezicubu kwe-insulin ye-hormone.
Le mishanguzo ifaka le mithi elandelayo.: I-Fluoxetine, iProzac, iMeridia, iReduxin.
Indlela yokuphila phambi kwe-metabolic syndrome
Ukubuyisa umzimba emzimbeni nokwandisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin, kumele kuhlangatshezwane nemibandela eminingi, okuyisisekelo sazo okuyindlela efanele yokudla okungenamsoco kusetshenziswa imikhiqizo enokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate kanye nokuzivocavoca okulinganiselayo ngokomzimba.
Ngenqubo yokudlala imidlalo, umzimba ushisa izitolo ezinamafutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngalezo zikhathi, ukushesha kwezinqubo ze-metabolic kwenzeka, lokhu kunomthelela wokuthi ngisho noma umzimba ungena esimweni sokuphumula, uyaqhubeka ukucubungula izitolo ezinamafutha zibe amandla.
Ukuzivocavoca njalo umzimba emzimbeni wesifo sikashukela kanye nokuhlinzekwa komzimba okulinganiselayo emzimbeni kuholela ekukhuleni kwamahomoni e-injabulo, ama-endorphin, emzimbeni wesiguli.
Lezi zingxube zamakhemikhali ezisebenzayo zisiza ukuthuthukisa imizwa, zisiza ukulawula isifiso sokudla futhi zandise izifiso zama-carbohydrate.
Umgomo oyinhloko wokudla osetshenziswa ku-metabolic syndrome ukukhawula ukungena kwama-carbohydrate namafutha. Ukudla okunjalo kukuvumela ukuthi uyeke inqubo yokukhuluphala futhi kancane kancane ukhiphe isisindo esengeziwe.
Izazi zezempilo zesimanje ziphikisana kakhulu nokuzila ukudla nokudla okuphansi kwama-khalori.
Ukudla okusetshenziswe ku-metabolic syndrome kungama-carbohydrate aphansi. Futhi nangendlela efanelekile yokuhlanganisa imenyu, nakho kungahle kube okumnandi futhi kwanelise.
Usebenzisa izinhlobo zokudla ezivunyelwe, ungapheka izitsha ezahlukahlukene.
Kusebenzisa ukudla okune-calories ephansi ukunciphisa isisindo kuholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba, okuthi emuva kwalokho kunciphise ukuzivikela komzimba emgomeni wegciwane namagciwane.
Ukusetshenziswa kokudla okuphansi kwe-carb kukuvumela ukuthi uqinise umzimba futhi wenze ijwabu lokugaya ligayeke ngenxa yokusebenzisa izithelo, imifino kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi ethosiwe ekudleni. Ividiyo ethokozisayo ekulesi sihloko izokusiza uqonde ukuthi iyini i-insulin ukumelana nesifo.
