Iziguli eziningi aziqondi ukuthi kungani zehlisa isisindo ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ukwehla kwesisindo kungenye yezimpawu ezijwayelekile zalesi sifo. Umuntu oshukela wakhe ejwayelekile ngeke akwazi ukusikeka ngokuqinile amakhilogremu angeziwe ngaphandle kokufaka umzamo kuwo.
Izimo ezicindezelayo zithathwa njengezimbangela ezivamile zokuncipha kwesisindo, kodwa akumelwe sikhohlwe ngezifo ezahlukahlukene. Okunye kwalokhu yi-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, eyenzeka ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwamasosha omzimba womuntu futhi kubonakaliswa ukungabikho okuphelele noma okuyingxenye emzimbeni we-hormone enciphisa ushukela - i-insulin.
Ngokuphikisana neqiniso lokuthi isifo sikashukela sivame ukwenzeka ngenxa yokukhuluphala, ngokuqhubeka kwe-pathology, abantu abakhuli ngamafutha, kepha banciphise isisindo. Ukwehla kwesisindo okusheshayo kungadala izinkinga ezihlukene - kusuka ekungasebenzi kahle kwezinso kuya ku-gastritis. Ngakho-ke, le ndatshana izosiza ukuqonda ukuthi kungani abantu behlisa isisindo sikashukela nokuthi bangasigcina kanjani isisindo somzimba ezingeni elijwayelekile.
Ngidinga nini ukukhala i-alamu?
Kumuntu ophile kahle, isisindo singashintshashintsha singama-5 kg. Ukunyuka kwayo kungahlotshaniswa namaholide, amaholide noma ukuncipha komzimba. Ukwehla kwesisindo kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukucindezelwa okungokomzwelo, kanye nesifiso somuntu ohlose ukulahlekelwa amakhilogremu ambalwa.
Kodwa-ke, ukulahleka kwesisindo okubukhali okufika kuma-20 kg ezinyangeni ezi-1-1,5 kungakhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwehliswa kwesisindo okunjalo kuletha impumuzo ebalulekile esigulini, kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyisihluthulelo sokuqalwa kwe-pathologies enzima.
Yini enye okufanele unake? Okokuqala, lezi yizimpawu ezimbili - ukoma okungenakuqhathaniswa ne-polyuria. Lapho kukhona izimpawu ezinjalo kanye nokunciphisa umzimba, umuntu kufanele, okokuqala, avakashele i-endocrinologist. Udokotela, esehlolile isiguli, unquma ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose bese kuphela eqinisekisa noma ephika izinsolo zokuthi "isifo simnandi".
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanoshukela ophezulu bangakhononda ngalokhu:
- ikhanda, isiyezi;
- ukukhathala, ukungaphatheki kahle;
- umuzwa onamandla wendlala;
- ukunaka kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla;
- umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
- ukungaboni kahle
- Izinkinga zocansi;
- isikhumba esikhanyayo, ukuphulukiswa isikhathi eside kwamanxeba;
- umsebenzi wokuphazamiseka kwezinso.
Umuntu ofuna ukwehlisa isisindo kufanele akhumbule ukuthi ukwehla kwesisindo okujwayelekile, okungalimazi umzimba, akumele kudlule ku-5 kg ngenyanga. Izimbangela zokuncipha kwesisindo esikhulu ngamanga “wesifo esimnandi” aqukethe okulandelayo:
- Inqubo ye-autoimmune lapho kukhiqizwa khona i-insulin. IGlucose yakha egazini futhi ingatholakala nomchamo. Kubonakala ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.
- Ukushoda kwe-insulin, lapho amaseli engayiboni kahle le hormone. Umzimba awunayo i-glucose - umthombo omkhulu wamandla, ngakho-ke isebenzisa amaseli wamafutha. Kungakho ukwehlisa isisindo ngohlobo 2 sikashukela.
Kusukela kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, futhi amangqamuzana awatholi amandla adingekayo, amaseli wamafutha aqala ukusetshenziswa. Ngenxa yalokho, abanesifo sikashukela abakhulu ngokweqile “bayasha” phambi kwamehlo abo.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-dietitan iba nesikimu esifanele sokudla, emva kwalokho isisindo somzimba siyanda kancane kancane.
Isincomo Sokulahlekelwa Isisindo
Ukwehla kwesisindo okubukhali kuhlobo 2 sikashukela kuyingozi kakhulu.
Eminye yemiphumela emibi kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwe-ketoacidosis, i-atrophy yemisipha yemikhawulo ephansi kanye nokukhathala komzimba. Ukwenza umzimba ube ngokwejwayelekile, odokotela banquma izifiso ezifisayo, ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kanye nokudla okufanele.
Ukudla okulinganiselayo okubandakanya ukudla okugcwele amavithamini, ama-amino acid, izinto ezincane kanye nama-macro, kuzoba nomthelela ekwandeni kancane kancane kwesisindo futhi kuqinise izivikelo zomzimba.
Umgomo oyinhloko wokudla kahle ushukela wukunciphisa umkhawulo wama-carbohydrate nokudla okunamafutha. Iziguli zidinga kuphela ukudla okuqukethe inkomba ye-glycemic ephansi.
Ukudla okukhethekile kufaka ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunjalo:
- isinkwa esiphelele sokusanhlamvu;
- imikhiqizo yobisi (i-nonfat);
- okusanhlamvu okuphelele (ibhali, i-buckwheat);
- imifino (ubhontshisi, udali, iklabishi, utamatisi, ukhukhamba, isithombo, ulethisi);
- izithelo ezingafakwanga (amawolintshi, ulamula, pomelo, amakhiwane, ama-apula aluhlaza).
Ukudla kwansuku zonke kufanele kuhlukaniswe ama-servings angama-5-6, futhi kufanele kube amancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokukhathala okukhulu kweziguli, kunconywa ukuthatha uju oluncane ukubuyisela ukungatheleleki komzimba. Isifo sikashukela kufanele senzele imenyu ukuze isilinganiso samafutha esilinganisweni sokudla sifike ku-25%, ikhabhoni - 60%, namaprotheni - cishe ama-15%. Abesifazane abakhulelwe bayelulekwa ukuthi bandise inani lamaprotheni ekudleni kwabo bafinyelele kuma-20%.
Umthwalo we-carbohydrate usatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo usuku lonke. Ingxenye yama-kilojoule adliwe ngesikhathi sokudla main kufanele isuke ku-25 iye ku-30%, futhi ngesikhathi sokudla - kusuka ku-10 kuye ku-15%.
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi uphulukise ukukhubazeka okunjalo ngokudla kuphela? Kungenzeka, kepha ukondleka kumele kuhlanganiswe nokwelashwa kokuzivocavoca kwesifo sikashukela, lokhu kuzoba nomphumela osheshayo futhi osebenza kangcono. Vele, lapho isiguli sizama ukuthola isisindo somzimba, akufanelekile ukuzikhipha amandla ngokweqile. Kepha ukuhamba kuze kube yimizuzu engama-30 ngosuku kuzohlomula kuphela. Ukuhamba njalo komzimba kuzosiza ekuqiniseni izicubu, kuthuthukise amasistimu wokuphefumula nawenhliziyo.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi into ephelelwe amandla "iba ngamafutha" isikhathi eside impela. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukubekezela futhi ulandele zonke izincomo zikadokotela.
Imiphumela yokuncipha kwesisindo ngokuzumayo
Ukwehla kwesisindo ngokushesha kwesifo sikashukela kungadala ukuthuthukiswa kwezinye izifo ezinkulu. Okokuqala, kukhona ukwephulwa kwazo zonke izinqubo ze-metabolic, kanti okwesibili, umzimba uqala ukuboleka amandla kuqala kwizicubu zomzimba, bese kuthi ezitolo ezinamafutha.
Isifo sikashukela esilahlekelwe isisindo esiningi ngesikhathi esifushane kungenzeka sibe nengozi yokudakwa kanzima. Inani elikhulu lobuthi nemikhiqizo ye-metabolic ayiqoqeki egazini lomuntu ophilile, noma kunjalo, lapho isisindo sehliswa, umzimba awukwazi ukususa zonke izinto eziyingozi. Inqubo enjalo ibeka usongo olukhulu, ngoba kwezinye izimo imiphumela ebulalayo ingenzeka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lokugaya luhlupheka kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuncipha kwesisindo esisheshayo, sonke isiguli sesibili singakhalaza ngokugayeka, njengoba amakhono ayo ezimoto engasebenzi. Futhi, ukwehla okukhulu kwesisindo kungathinta i-pancreas kanye ne-gallder. Ngakho-ke, i-pancreatitis kanye ne-gastritis yizifo ezingamangazi ngokuphelele ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokunciphisa umzimba.
Ngenxa yokuphulwa kwebhalansi kasawoti wamanzi, kuvela ama-pathologies ahlukahlukene wesibindi nezinso. Imiphumela engaphendukeki ingaba ukwehluleka kwesibindi noma ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hepatitis. Ngokuqondene nesitho esibhanqiwe, ukunciphisa isisindo kuyingozi ikakhulukazi uma kukhona amatshe ezinso noma ukuthambekela kokuwasungula.
Njengoba ubona, ukuncipha komzimba kuthinta kabi ukusebenza kwezinso nezinso.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu onesifo sikashukela okhuluphele bese efuna ukwehlisa isisindo ngomuthi ongezansi wesifiso sokudla kufanele azi okulandelayo. Ukuthatha le mithi kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwezinso.
Kukhona amanye ama-pathologies angumphumela wokulahleka kwesisindo okungalawulwa. Isibonelo, isifo esihambisana ne-yegilo yegilo, i-hypoparathyroidism. Ezinye izinkinga zokuncipha kwesisindo zingafaka:
- Yehlisa umfutho wegazi.
- Ukwehla kwenkumbulo nokuhlushwa.
- Caries, izinwele ezicijile nezinzipho.
- Ukuvuvukala kwemikhawulo engezansi.
Ngokuncipha okubukhali kwesisindo somzimba, amazwe ahlukahlukene acindezelayo aqala. Abantu bayoba abaphilile kuphela ngokuhambisana nesimo sabo somzimba nangokwengqondo. Njengoba umzimba usuphelelwa ngamandla, futhi “indlala” yobuchopho iba khona, kubangela ukuphazamiseka ngokomzwelo. Ngenxa yalokho, isiguli sizizwa sicindezelekile.
Ngeshwa, odokotela abayitholanga impendulo yombuzo wokuthi singalashwa kanjani isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 kuze kube phakade, alulapheki ngendlela efanayo nohlobo 1. Ngakho-ke, kunesidingo sokuhambisana nazo zonke izincomo zikadokotela ozifundelayo, ikakhulukazi ukondleka okufanele kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba ukuze ugweme ukuthuthukiswa kwe-renal pathologies emzimbeni, ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu emathunjini, ukungasebenzi kwesibindi nezinye izinto.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko ichaza imigomo yokwelashwa kokudla, okuhloswe ngayo ukugcina isisindo esijwayelekile.
