Ingcindezi yegazi iyinkomba ekhombisa amandla igazi elihamba ngalo emithanjeni isebenza ezindongeni zemithambo ye-arterial. Okujwayelekile kumuntu kuyinkomba engu-120 ngu-80 mm Hg. Lezi izinkomba ezifanele, kepha empilweni yangempela azivamile. Iningi labantu libonakala ngokuhlukumezeka ngaphakathi kwe-10 mmHg. kunoma iyiphi indlela.
Ochwepheshe bathi okujwayelekile kungabhekwa njengokuncipha kwengcindezi kuye ku-100 ngama-60 futhi kukhuphuke kube yi-140 ngamaphesenti angama-100 lapho lapho kubhaliswa khona izinkomba ezinjalo, isiguli asitholi kubi futhi ukusebenza kwakhe kuhlala kusesimweni esejwayelekile. Ukubaluleka okukhulu kunikezwa iminyaka yesiguli. Kubantu abasha nentsha, umfutho wegazi ophansi uvame ukubonakala kakhulu, kuyilapho kubantu abadala kuphakanyiswa.
Ingcindezi i-140/80 imele isimo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-borderline hypertension. Ezimweni lapho ikhodi inyuka ngaphezulu kwalawa maxabiso, singakhuluma ngokuqala kokwenza izinguquko ezingenakuphikiswa emikhunjini. Ngokusekelwe kulezi zinkomba, kunokuxilongwa kwe-hypertension ye-degree yokuqala.
Isikhombisi sokuqala samanani inani lokucindezela kwe-systolic. Kukhombisa ingcindezi ngesikhathi sokulayisha okuphezulu, lapho izicubu zenhliziyo zigoqa igazi emithanjeni. Isikhombi sesibalo sesibili inani lokucindezela kwe-diastolic. Ibonisa inani layo phakathi kwezinkontileka ezimbili, ngesikhathi sokumiswa emsebenzini kwemisipha yenhliziyo. Uma ingcindezi ingu-145 kuye ku-95, khona-ke kufanelekile ukuthatha izinyathelo eziphuthumayo ukuvikela ukubonakala kwezinkinga ezinkulu.
Ukuba khona kwesikhombisi esandayo sokucindezela okuphezulu okune okuphansi okujwayelekile kuyinkomba ye-pathology, etholwa izindlela zokwelapha nezelabhoratri. Ngokuzimisela okufika ngesikhathi kwezizathu ezithinta ukwanda kwengcindezi ukuya ku-140/80, isimo esivamile sesiguli singathuthukiswa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi.
Kunezizathu eziningi ezithi zibe nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwama-spasms emithambo yegazi.
Okuyinhloko ukuba khona kwesisindo ngokweqile kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Njengoba kunobudlelwano obuqondile phakathi kwengcindezi emithanjeni kanye nesisindo sesiguli, kungaphikiswa ukuthi ikhilogremu eyengeziwe ineqhaza ekwandeni kwayo. Zonke izinhlobo zokuphazamiseka emsebenzini wezinso zingavusa futhi ukugxuma kumfutho wegazi; Ukwehla kokuqina kwezindonga zempi ezibangelwa ukuguga kwabo; isakhi sofuzo.
Izici zokubikezela kusengaphambili zibandakanya ukuntuleka kokudla okufanele, ukusetshenziswa kabi kophuzo oludakayo nemikhiqizo kagwayi; izinga elincishisiwe lomsebenzi womzimba; izifo zenhliziyo ne-vascular system; isifo sikashukela mellitus; ukucindezelwa njalo; ama-pathologies ahlukahlukene kanye nezifo zohlelo lwe-endocrine; ukukhathala okwandayo.
Emazingeni okuqala, ukucindezela kuka-140 kuye ku-80/90 kungakhuphuka kakhulu futhi kungabangeli isipiliyoni esikhethekile esigulini. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokho kuzuba kuya njalo futhi kube njalo, bese kuba yinto yaphakade.
Iziguli ziphawula ukuthi ngokucindezela kuka-140/80 bane:
- Ukwehla kwempilo ejwayelekile nokuqwashisa ngokungaqondakali;
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda nobuhlungu benhliziyo, isiyezi;
- Umuzwa wesicanucanu;
- Ukubuyiselwa kokushisa nokuboniswa kwe-hyperemia ebusweni;
- Okunye ukugcwala ezindlebeni;
- Umuzwa wokudonsa kwemithambo yegazi, ikakhulukazi endaweni yekhanda;
- Ubuhlungu emehlweni, ukusika umuzwa kubo;
- Ukushona kancane komqondo.
Iziguli ezinesifo somfutho wegazi zibonisa ukwanda kanyekanye kwengcindezi kanyekanye, noma kunjalo, kwezinye iziguli, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lehla kakhulu.
Ezimweni lapho umuntu ngezikhathi ezithile abhalisa ingcindezi engu-140 kuya kwengama-90, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba aziqaphele njalo izinkomba zakhe, ekala umfutho okungenani izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku - ekuseni, ntambama nakusihlwa. Yini okufanele uyenze uma ingcindezi inyukele ezinkomba ezingama-145 kwayi-100? Lapho kuvela ukungaphatheki kahle kanye nokungajabuli, kunconywa:
- Relax ngangokunokwenzeka, uphefumula kakhulu;
- Uma ingcindezi ingaphambuki, shayela i-ambulensi;
- Ungaphuza i-tincture ye-valerian;
- Lapho izinhlungu zivela enhliziyweni, kunconywa ukuphuza isibhebhe seNitroglycerin.
Ukwanda kwengcindezi eya ku-140/70 kungabonakala kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ku-trimester yesithathu. Ukwanda kwengcindezi ye-systolic kuleli cala kungenxa yezinguquko enanini lamahomoni; ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokucindezelwa enhliziyweni; ukukhathala ngokweqile nokukhathala okungamahlalakhona.
Udokotela kuphela onganquma ngokunemba ukuthi ukucindezela kwe-140 kuya ku-80 kusho ukuphuma kwegazi okuphezulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Isici salesi simo ngesikhathi sokuzala ingane ukuthi kunokwanda kwezimpawu eziningi, futhi ukuphuza umuthi ukuze uzidambise akunconywa.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ekwelapheni umfutho wegazi ophakeme uma ingcindezi ingu-140 / 100,140 / 90 no-140/80 mm. Hg. Ubuciko., Ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezingezona izidakamizwa zokwelapha. Okuncamelayo kufanele kunikezwe i-physiotherapy, ukudla, umuthi wamakhambi.
Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokwelashwa ukugcina impilo inempilo nokuyeka imikhuba emibi. Ososayensi bakubonile ukuthi ukubhema kuholela emiphumeleni engaphenduki emzimbeni, okwandisa kakhulu ukufa kwabantu. Utshwala abuvamile futhi ngamanani amancane. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa iwayini elibomvu lemvelo.
Ukugcina ukudla okuyisipesheli, okuhlose ukwehlisa ukudla okwenziwa usawoti, ukunciphisa inani lamanzi aphuziwe. Ezigulini ezikhuluphele, kubalulekile ukunciphisa umzimba. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi ungafaki ukudla okunamafutha, ufulawa, okumnandi ekudleni kwansuku zonke.
Ukuzivocavoca okukhanyayo okuvela ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukuhamba, ukugijima, zonke izinhlobo zemidlalo, ukubhukuda, ukuzivocavoca nomdanso muhle kakhulu ekwehliseni umfutho wegazi.
I-Psychorelaxation. Kungafaka amaseshini nge-psychotherapist, ngesinye isikhathi usebenzisa i-hypnosis, ukuphumula okujwayelekile kanye ne-acupressure. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-acupuncture kunganciphisa ingcindezi. Imiphumela emihle inikezwa amakilasi we-yoga, ukwelashwa ezindaweni zokuphumula nokuphumula olwandle.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinqubo zomzimba. Lokhu kungaba i-electros sleep, electrophoresis ene-magnesia, i-papaverine, i-novocaine, i-radon, i-oxygen, i-turpentine ephuzi kanye nezindawo zokugeza ze-hydrogen sulfide, ukuvakashela i-sauna.
Umuthi wamakhambi. Izimali ezikhokhiswa i-renal ne-hypertgency ziyanconywa kwizifundo okungenani inyanga. Ungasebenzisa imali equkethe izitshalo ezifana ne-valerian, chokeberry, i-mamawort, i-lemon balm. Ukudla amakhambi kungahlukaniswa, kuhlanganiswe, noma kudakwe ngokwehlukana.
Kusetshenziswa izindlela zemithi yendabuko. Kukholelwa ukuthi imikhiqizo eminingi iyakwazi ukwenza ngokwejwayelekile ukucindezela komuntu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-beet, izaqathe, ujusi we-aloe, ama-lingonberry, ama-blueberries, amaqabunga ama-currant nama-sitrobheli asendle, ukumiliselwa kusuka ezimpandeni ze-peony, i-geranium, i-dieelle.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yendabuko kumele kuvunyelwane nongoti futhi kuthathe okungenani inyanga.
Ukwelashwa kokuqala okuphezulu kwehypertension kuvame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa umuthi owodwa, imvamisa i-ACE inhibitor kumthamo omncane.
Ukwelashwa kwe-systolic arterial hypertension eyedwa kanye nokuvinjwa kwezifo ezinamandla amakhulu ezigulini esezikhulile, kusetshenziswa ama-diuretics (Indapamide, Hydrochlorothiazide).
Ezimweni lapho ukusetshenziswa kwabo nganoma yisiphi isizathu kungenzekanga noma kuphambaniswe, kusetshenziswa ama-calcium antagonists ochungechunge lwe-dihydropyridine. Uma ukusetshenziswa komuthi owodwa kungalethi imiphumela oyifunayo, ukunciphisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ungasebenzisa lezi zinhlanganisela ezilandelayo:
- Inani eliphelele lama-diuretics, ama-beta blocker nama-ACE inhibitors,
- I-calcium antagonist plus diuretic, beta blocker kanye ne-ACE inhibitors,
- I-Alphablocker ngokuhlangana ne-betablokator.
Ingcindezi i-140/80 ithwala izingozi eziningi ezingavela uma zingalashwa. Esigabeni sokuqala, umfutho wegazi ophikelelayo uyakhula, ongaguqulwa waba yizigaba ezinzima kakhulu. Kunzima ukwelapha nokukhula inqubo engapheli.
Uma ukwelashwa kunikeza umphumela owufunayo noma awuzange wenziwe nakancane, isigaba esilandelayo sesifo senzeka, lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga kwesinye sezitho okuqondiwe kubhekwa khona. Uma ukwanda kwengcindezi kubonwa kubantu abasha beminyaka yokusebenza, ukwehla okuphawulekile komthamo osebenzayo, isifiso sobulili kanye nokusebenza ngocansi, ukungakwazi ukuhola indlela yokuphila esebenzayo, ehlisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yayo njengayo yonke.
Abantu asebekhulile abane-systolic hypertension eyingozi banengozi eyandayo yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, imivimbo, i-arrhythmias, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo ye-retina kanye nemikhawulo engezansi, ukwehluleka kwezinso kanye nezinye izimo ezibeka impilo yomuntu engcupheni.
Ngakho-ke, ukucindezela kwe-140 kuya ku-70 - lokhu kujwayelekile uma kungadali ukukhathazeka kumuntu. Kodwa ukwanda kwaso njalo nokubukeka kwezimpawu ezingemnandi kufanele kwenze umuntu abonane nodokotela, kungakhathalekile iminyaka yobudala.
Uchwepheshe kule vidiyo ekulesi sihloko uzochaza izizathu zokwanda kwengcindezi yegazi.
