Ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela kwenzeka ngokungakwazi ukudonsa ama-carbohydrate ekudleni. Isizathu salokhu ukuntuleka kwe-insulin secretion noma ukungakwazi kokuthola ama-cell receptors ukusabela kukho. Izimpawu eziphambili zalesi sifo zihambisana ne-glucose ephezulu yegazi.
Okujwayelekile isifo sikashukela yile: ukoma kakhulu, isifiso sokudla, izinguquko ezingazelelwe kwesisindo, umchamo ukhishwa kaningi futhi kunokujwayelekile, ukulunywa kwesikhumba kuyakhathazeka.
Ukwelashwa kancane nokudlulisela amanxeba ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kuyisici esibonakalayo esifundweni sesi sifo. Isizathu salokhu ukuphazamiseka kwegazi okuphazamisekile kanye nokubulawa yindlala okungapheli kwezicubu, ukwehla kwezinqubo zokuzivikela komzimba.
Izimbangela zokuvuselelwa kwamanxeba kushukela
Ukuqonda ukwelashwa okunamandla kwamanxeba ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucubungule izinqubo ezenzeka kwezicubu ezinesifo se-insulin (isihlobo noma ngokuphelele). Kwatholakala ukuthi ukwandisa isikhathi sokuphulukiswa kwamanxeba wezitho eziyize nezicubu ezithambile kuya ngezinga lokulimala kwemithambo.
Ama-Microangiopathies nokwanda kwegazi kwegazi ngemuva kwesisekelo se-intracellular acidosis, ukwakheka kwe-electrolyte engasebenzi kahle kanye nesilinganiso se-lipoprotein kuholela ekunciphiseni kokungaziphathi kahle kwamaselula, kanye nokwephula ukusabela kokuzivikela kwe-humoral.
Kulokhu, ubudlelwane phakathi kobunzima bokuthi lesi sifo sibangelwa isikhathi esingakanani nokuba nesifo sikashukela endaweni yesilonda. Isigaba sokuqala senqubo yokulimala (ukuvuvukala) senzeka ngokunwetshwa kokunqatshwa kwezicubu ezifile, ukuvuvukala kanye nokuba khona kwamagciwane kubanjwa ngokuqhubekayo.
Esigabeni sesibili (ukuvuselelwa kabusha), izicucu ze-collagen kanye nokuvuthwa kwezicubu zegrean kwakhiwa kancane, futhi esigabeni sokushiswa cishe amasonto amabili, kufakwa izinhlobo ezintsha zezicubu. Isilonda singenawo umthamo wegazi futhi sine-edema eyingqayizivele
Uma ukwakheka kwesilonda esihlwabusayo ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda se-neuropathy yesifo sikashukela, khona-ke ukuphulukiswa kwayo kuvinjelwe ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:
- Ukufakwa kwe-microcirculation okulimazayo nokuncipha kokuphuma kwegazi ngokusebenzisa ama-capillaries kanye nokwanda kokuphuma kwegazi emithanjeni.
- Ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwezicubu.
- Ukunciphisa ukuzwela.
- Ukwabiwa kabusha kweMishini kwengcindezi onyaweni.
Ukubonakaliswa kokutheleleka kwe-purulent kushukela
Ukuvela kokulimala kwamanxeba ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokutheleleka kwendawo yesilonda ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, izilonda ku-syndrome yonyawo lwesifo sikashukela, amathumba ngemuva kokujova, ngamathumba kanye namarobhothi.
Noma yikuphi ukugxila kwe-purulent kubangela ukuwohloka kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, ngoba lokhu kwandisa ukubonakaliswa kwe-hyperglycemia, umchamo ukhombisa ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwe-glucose, ukwanda kwe-ketoacidosis. Lapho ukutheleleka kuqhubeka, ubuthi obunama-microbial nama-enzyme agcinwa amaseli amhlophe egazi abhubhisa i-insulin.
Kufakazelwa ukuthi i-1 ml yokuphuma kokuhlanza i-inactivates amayunithi ayi-15 e-insulin. Ngaso leso sikhathi, izimpawu ezinjalo ze-pathological ziyanda:
- Ukwephulwa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic ngokushisa okushisa komzimba.
- Ukuqinisa ukwakheka kwemizimba ye-ketone, kufinyelela ku-ketoacidotic coma.
- Ukusabalala kokutheleleka ngegciwane kuze kube sekukhuleni kwe-sepsis.
- Joyina i-edomycosis.
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus, esaqala ukwenzeka noma saba mnene lapho sikhona ukutheleleka nge-purulent, iba nzima, futhi isinxephezelo sinzima ukuyifinyelela. Ukutheleleka kwasendaweni ngokugomela okuncishisiwe kuyanda ngokushesha futhi kuhambisana nokuphazamiseka kwe-septic.
Uma ukwelashwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane kanye ne-insulin kungasenzeki, izinga lokufa okubangelwa amanxeba okuhlanza kushukela lifinyelela kuma-48%.
Ungawelapha kanjani amanxeba okuhlanza kushukela?
Isifo sikashukela senza kube nzima ukwelashwa ngezinqubo ezithathelwanayo ngesinxephezelo esanele sokunyuka kweglucose yegazi. Ngakho-ke, lapho unamathisela ukwengezelelwa, udinga ukuqala ukwelapha isiguli ngokuqina kwe-carbohydrate metabolism. I-glycemia esheshayo kufanele ibe phakathi kuka-6 mmol / l, umchamo akufanele ube noshukela.
Esigabeni sokuqala senqubo yokulimala, udinga ukuhlanza isilonda samagciwane kanye nobomvu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, awukwazi ukusebenzisa izithambiso ngamafutha, ngoba azihlinzeki ukuphuma kwesilonda. Ngakho-ke, amalungiselelo aboniswa kuphela esisekelweni samanzi futhi okwazi ukuheha okuqukethwe isilonda.
Izidakamizwa ezisebenza nge-Osmotically zihlanganiswa nama-enzyme (chymotrypsin) ukusheshisa ukuhlanzwa. Ukugqoka kwamanxeba okuhlanza anemithi ye-antibacterial kwenziwa okungenani isikhathi esisodwa ngosuku.
Izidakamizwa ezilandelayo zangaphandle zisetshenziswa esigabeni sokuvuvukala:
- Izithambiso nge-chloramphenicol: ILevomekol, iLevosin.
- Amafutha asuselwa eNitazole: INitatsid, Streptonitol.
- Mafenide Acetate Ointment.
- UFuragel.
- Dioxol.
- I-iodopyron yokugcoba.
Futhi, imiphumela emihle ene-trophic ulcers ikhombise izidakamizwa nge-iodine - iPovidone-iodine neBetadine. Ukwelashwa kwenkambo engenzima kuzisa umphumela wezinsuku ezi-3-5.
Inhloso yokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa esigabeni sesibili (ukuvuselelwa kabusha) ukwakha amasimba (izicubu ezintsha). Kulokhu, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamafutha okugcoba (i-Iruksol, iLevosin), iVinilin, kuthathwa isixazululo esingu-0,2% seCuriosin. Kuqukethe uchungechunge lwe-hyaluronic acid ene-zinc, enomphumela wokupholisa amanxeba.
IPhysotherapy yesifo sikashukela kanye ne-ultraviolet irradiation yamanxeba, i-laser kanye ne-kazibuthe therapy nayo iyasetshenziswa.
Isigaba sesithathu kufanele siphele ngokwakhiwa kwesilonda. Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ingxube ye-insulin enamavithamini noshukela isetshenziselwa ukugqoka, futhi iCuriosin nayo iyaqhubeka isetshenziswa.
Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwamanxeba okuhlanza kushukela
Isikhathi eside, iziguli zinconyelwe ukwelashwa okulondolozayo kwamanxeba we-purulent ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela. Ucwaningo lwakamuva luveze ukuthi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, isikhathi sokuphola amanxeba siyancipha, kanti imvamisa yezinkinga iyancipha.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, izinsuku ezingama-3-5 ngokungafani nesizinda sokwelashwa okuhlala njalo se-antibiotic, ukwelashwa okugcwele kokuhlinzwa kwesilonda kusetshenziswa imishanguzo eyinhloko nokudonsa kwenxeba kwenziwa.
Ngale ndlela yokwelashwa, izinga lokushisa lomzimba elikhishwa enxebeni liyancishiswa. Kamuva, isilonda sigezwa ngezixazululo ezinamanzi zeChlorhexidine noma iRivanol izinsuku ezingama-3-4. Ukuhlushwa kususwa ngosuku lwe-12th.
Ukuvimbela ukwanda kwamanxeba kushukela
Ukuze ugweme inkambo ende yokwelashwa, kumele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukusiza ukugwema ukulimaza isikhumba. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni, ezisengozini enkulu yesifo sikashukela.
Njengoba ukuzwela kwesikhumba kuncishisiwe, kuhlolwa nsuku zonke izinyawo ngokucophelela ukuze kutholakale ukusikeka, ukuhlukunyezwa kanye nokuhlanjululwa ngesikhathi. Badinga ukwelashwa ngezixazululo ezinamanzi zama-antiseptics, njenge-Chlorhexidine, Furacilin, Miramistin. Izisombululo zotshwala ze-iodine, imifino yedayimane yesifo sikashukela ayisetshenziswa.
Ukuze sinciphise ubungozi bokusika kanye nezilonda, izicathulo kufanele zigqoke zivaliwe, kuyenqatshelwe ukuhamba ngezinyawo ezingenazo izicathulo, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle. Ngaphambi kokugqoka, udinga ukuhlola izicathulo zokubonisa ukuba khona kwezinto ezincane zakwamanye amazwe - isihlabathi, amatshe amatshe, njll.
Isikhombisi esibalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukukhula kwezinkinga ezithathelwanayo kushukela sibheka amazinga eglucose egoli kanye nokufinyelela okufika ngesikhathi ekunakekelweni kwezokwelapha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kunconywa:
- Yiba nedivaysi yokulinganisa ushukela wegazi ekhaya futhi uvame ukuthatha izilinganiso.
- Kanye ezinyangeni ezintathu, hlola i-hemoglobin ye-glycated.
- Okungenani njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, igazi linikelwa ku-lipid tata, umchamo we-glucose ne-protein.
- Gcina umfutho wegazi ungabi ngaphezu kuka-135/85 mm Hg
- Khipha amafutha ezilwane kanye nama-carbohydrate alula ekudleni.
- Yekani ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala.
Uma kunezimpawu zokuwohloka kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukulungiswa kokwelashwa ngokuvakashela i-endocrinologist. Awukwazi ukwenza ukwelashwa okuzimele kwezilonda zesikhumba noma izinqubo zokulimala kuso, ngoba ukuvakashela kamuva udokotela ohlinzayo kusiza ekusakazeni ukutheleleka kanye nenkambo enzima kakhulu yezinqubo zokuhlanza.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko ikhombisa ukuphathwa kwamanxeba okuhlanza nge-laser.
