Inani labantu abatholakala benesifo sikashukela liyanda nsuku zonke. Ngakho-ke, namuhla isibalo seziguli ezibhalisiwe sifinyelela ezigidini ezingama-300. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani lalabo abangazi ngobukhona besifo nalo likhulu.
Namuhla, odokotela abaningi nososayensi abavela emhlabeni wonke babamba iqhaza ocwaningweni nasekwelapheni isifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi bakhetha ukwelapha isifo sikashukela phesheya, okungukuthi eJalimane. Yize kunjalo, leli lizwe lidume ngempumelelo yalo yezokwelapha, imitholampilo nodokotela abahle kakhulu.
Odokotela baseJalimane basebenzise isifo sikashukela hhayi nje kuphela ngezinhlelo zendabuko zokwelapha, kepha futhi nobuchwepheshe obunqenqemeni obuthuthukiswe ezindaweni zokucwaninga emitholampilo. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa isimo sezempilo sikashukela, kodwa futhi nokuthola ukuxolelwa kwesifo isikhathi eside.
Sitholakala kanjani isifo sikashukela eJalimane?
Ngaphambi kokwelapha isifo sikashukela eYurophu, odokotela banikeza isiguli ukuhlolwa okuphelele nokunempilo. Ukuxilonga kufaka ukubonisana nodokotela oyi-endocrinologist oqoqa i-anamnesis, athole ukuthi isiguli sikhononda ngaso, senza isithombe sonke sesi sifo, isikhathi saso, ukuba khona kwezinkinga nemiphumela yokwelashwa okwedlule.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguli sithunyelwa kuma-aphoyintimenti nabanye odokotela, okungukuthi, udokotela wezifo zengqondo, ophthalmologist, isazi sezempilo kanye ne-orthopedist. Futhi, izifundo zaselabhoratri zidlala indima enkulu ekuqinisekiseni ukutholakala kwezifo. Into yokuqala yokunquma uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela phesheya ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuthathwa esiswini esingenalutho usebenzisa i-glucometer ekhethekile.
Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela ushukela nakho kwenziwa. I-TSH isiza ukuthola ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela, esenzeka ngendlela yamuva.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuchazwe ukuhlaziywa kwe-HbA1c, lapho ungathola khona isilinganiso soshukela egazini ezinsukwini ezingama-90 ezedlule. Inzuzo yokuhlolwa okunjalo ukuthi ingenziwa ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa ekudleni okunempilo futhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin akulungele ukuthola isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, noma sikwazi ukubona isifo se-prediabetes kanye nohlobo lwe-2.
Odokotela baseJalimane babuye bahlole umchamo kashukela. Kulokhu, umthamo wansuku zonke noma wansuku zonke (amahora angu-6) uqoqwe.
Uma umuntu ephilile, khona-ke imiphumela yokuhlaziywa iba mibi. Imvamisa emitholampilo eseJalimane, izivivinyo zomchamo zisebenzisa isivivinyo seDiabur (imichilo ekhethekile).
Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwelabhoratri, ngaphambi kokwenza ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela eJalimane, kuboniswa ukuxilongwa kwe-Hardware, lapho udokotela anquma isimo esivamile somzimba wesiguli:
- I-Doppler sonography - ibonisa isimo semithambo yemithambo nemithambo, ijubane lokugeleza kwegazi, ukuba khona kwama-plaque ezindongeni.
- I-Ultrasound ye-cavity yesisu - ikuvumela ukuthi unqume ukuthi yisiphi isimo sangaphakathi, kukhona ukuvuvukala kuzo, siyini isakhiwo nobukhulu bawo.
- I-Doppler ultrasound ultrasound - isetshenziselwa ukunquma isimo senethiwekhi yemithambo yemilenze nezingalo.
- I-Electrocardiogram - isiza ukuthola ukungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi eyaqhamuka ngemuva kwesifo sikashukela.
- I-CT - ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole isimo jikelele sohlelo lwethambo nenhliziyo.
- I-Osteodensitometry - ukuhlolwa kwamathambo we-axial.
Izindleko zokuxilongwa zincike ezicini eziningi. Lolu uhlobo lwesifo, ukuba khona kwezinkinga, izimfanelo zikadokotela nezindlela zomtholampilo lapho kwenziwa khona ucwaningo.
Kodwa kunezintengo ezilinganiselwayo, ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlolwa kwesifo sikashukela kubiza cishe ama-550 euros, nokuhlolwa kwelebhu - 250 ama-euro.
Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kanye nokuhlinzwa kwesifo sikashukela ezinhlangeni zaseJalimane
Bonke abaye belashwa eJalimane bashiya ukubuyekezwa okuhle, ngoba eNtshonalanga Yurophu, ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kuyenziwa, kuhlanganisa amasiko endabuko nawokudala. Ukususa isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 emitholampilo yaseJalimane, abanesifo sikashukela banikezwa izidakamizwa ezinjenge-Biguanides, bakhuthaza ukumuncwa kweglucose futhi kuvikele ukwakheka kwabo esibindini. Futhi, amaphilisi anjalo aqeda inkanuko.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 eJalimane, njengakwamanye amazwe, kubandakanya ukuphathwa ngokungemthetho kwe-insulin noma izidakamizwa ezifanayo ezikwenza kube lula ukugcwala ushukela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa ezivela eqenjini le-sulfonylurea zinqunyelwe isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.
Umuthi odumile kulesi sigaba yi-Amiral, osebenza amaseli we-pancreatic beta, ephoqa ukuthi akhiqize i-insulin. Ithuluzi linomphumela owohlala isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke umphumela ngemuva kokukhanselwa kwalo uhlala ezinye izinsuku ezingama-60-90.
Ukuze uqede isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 eJalimane, ukubuyekezwa kweziguli kusho ukuthi, njengoba kufomu elincike kwinsulin, kuyadingeka ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, okusekelwe kule migomo elandelayo:
- izidakamizwa ze-antidiabetesic;
- ukwelashwa okukhulu kwe-insulin;
- ukwelashwa okujwayelekile ne-insulin exubekile;
- ukusetshenziswa kwephampu ye-insulin.
Kuyasiza nokukhiqiza izidakamizwa ezisebenzayo zesifo sikashukela sendabuko yaseJalimane. I-Glibomet ingeyalamakhambi anjalo - lokhu kuhlangene (kuhlanganisa i-Biguanide ne-sulfonylurea esuselwa ezizukulwaneni ezi-2) umuthi we-hypoglycemic osetshenziselwa isifo sohlobo 2.
Esinye isidakamizwa saseJalimane esisetshenziselwa ifomu lesifo esincike e-insulin yi-glimerida based glyride. I-ejenti ye-hypoglycemic ethathwe ku-sulfonylurea. Umuthi wenza kusebenze ukukhiqizwa kwe-pancreatic insulin, okwandisa ukukhishwa kwehomoni futhi ithuthukise ukumelana ne-insulin kwezicubu zomzimba.
Futhi eJalimane, umuthi i-Glucobay, okuyi-ejenti yokuvikela izifo. Into esebenzayo yesidakamizwa yi-acarbose (pseudotetrasaccharide), ethinta ipheshana lesisu, inhibits a-glucosidase, futhi ibandakanyeka ekuqhekekeni kwama-saccharides ahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokufakwa ngokulinganayo kweglucose evela emathunjini, isilinganiso saso siyancishiswa.
UJardins ungomunye umuthi odumile we-antidiabetic osetshenziselwa ifomu lesifo elizimele le-insulin. Into esebenzayo yesidakamizwa ivumela iziguli ukuthi zithuthukise ukulawulwa kwe-glycemic, ngokunciphisa ukubuyiselwa kwe-glucose ezinso.
Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwesifo sikashukela phesheya kwenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- ukufakelwa kwezingxenye zamanyikwe;
- ukufakelwa kweziqhingi zaseLangerhans.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ezimweni ezinzima kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-pancreatic cell transplantation. Kodwa ukusebenza okunjalo kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngakho kuphela odokotela abahle kakhulu baseJalimane abakwenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunethuba lokwenqatshwa, yingakho abanesifo sikashukela kamuva bedinga ukwelashwa okwe-immunosuppression impilo yonke.
I-Langerhans islet transplantation yenziwa kusetshenziswa i-catheter efakwe emithanjeni yesibindi. Ukufakelwa (amaseli we-beta) kufakwa ngaphakathi ngethhubhu, ngenxa yokuthi ukuvela kokuqhekeka kwe-insulin nokuqhekeka kweglucose kuzokwenzeka esibindini.
Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo enefomu lesifo eliya nge-insulin.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ushukela eJalimane
Izazi zesifo sikashukela ezelashwa eJalimane ezinokubuyekezwa kwazo cishe njalo zihlala zimi kahle, qaphela ukuthi ngaphezu kokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa, odokotela baseJalimane batusa ukuthi iziguli zabo zinake ukondleka. Ngakho-ke, esigulini ngasinye, kukhiqizwa imenyu ngawodwana, lapho unganikeza khona futhi ulondoloze ukuqina koshukela egazini.
Ama-carbohydrate afakwa kalula kanye namafutha angenampilo awafakiwe ekudleni komuntu onesifo sikashukela. Imenyu ikhethiwe ukuze isilinganiso samaprotheni, amafutha kanye ne-carbohydrate imi kanje - 20%: 25%: 55%.
Udinga ukudla izikhathi ezingama-5-6 ngosuku. Ukudla kufanele kuthengiswe ngemikhiqizo yobisi, izithelo, imifino, izinhlobo ezinenhlanzi ephansi, inyama, amantongomane. Futhi ushokoledi namanye amaswidi kufanele alahlwe.
Muva nje, eJalimane, isifo sikashukela siphathwa ngemithi ye-herbal, ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi sinciphise umthamo we-insulin nezidakamizwa. EJalimane, ukubuyekezwa kwabanesifo sikashukela kuhambisana neqiniso lokuthi ukwelashwa kwe-phytotherapeutic kunomthelela ofanayo kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela. Izitshalo ezinhle kakhulu ze-antidiabetesic yilezi:
- umlotha wasentabeni;
- ginseng;
- ama-beet;
- i-nettle;
- Ama-Blueberries
- i-burdock;
- raspberries.
Futhi, ukwelashwa okuphelele kwesifo sikashukela eJalimane empeleni kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa kokuzivocavoca kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus esinganciphisa isidingo se-insulin. Uhlelo lokuqeqeshwa olukhethekile lwenzelwe ukubhekelela isiguli ngasinye. Imvamisa nesifo sikashukela, odokotela batusa ukuhamba ngezinyawo, i-tennis, yokuzivocavoca nokubhukuda njalo echibini.
Ukuze kusebenze izivikeli mzimba, ezibuthakathaka kushukela, iziguli zinqunywe ama-immunostimulants. Ngale njongo, ama-immunoglobulins, ama-antibodies, namanye ama-activates enza kusebenze imisebenzi yokuvikela umzimba edingekayo.
Indlela ethandwa kakhulu futhi eqhubekayo yokwelapha isifo sikashukela eJalimane ukutshala amaseli we-pancreatic stem kumaseli ezilimele. Lokhu kuqale umsebenzi womzimba futhi kubuyiselwe imikhumbi elimele.
Futhi, amaseli we-stem avimbela ukuvela kwezinkinga ezahlukahlukene zesifo sikashukela (i-retinopathy, unyawo lwesifo sikashukela) futhi andise ukungatheleleki komzimba. Ngefomu lesifo elincike e-insulin, le ndlela yokwelapha emisha isiza ukubuyisela izingxenye ezilimele ze-gland, ezinciphisa isidingo se-insulin.
Ngesifo sohlobo 2, ukuhlinzwa kungathuthukisa inhlala-kahle futhi kuenze namazinga kashukela egazi abe ngokwejwayelekile.
Okunye okusha kwemithi yesimanje ukuhlunga kwe-Cascade kwegazi lapho ukwakheka kwalo kuguquka. I-Hemocorrection iwukuthi kufakwa idivaysi ekhethekile esigulini, lapho kuqondiswa igazi le-venous. Ezithaselweni, igazi liyahlanzwa lisuswa kuma-antibodies liye kwi-insulin yangaphandle, lihlungiswe futhi lithunyelwe. Ngemuva kwalokho ubuyiselwa emthanjeni.
Uhlobo olungeziwe lokwelashwa i-physiotherapy yesifo sikashukela emitholampilo kanye nemitholampilo yaseJalimane inikezela ngezinqubo ezilandelayo:
- Ukwelashwa kwe-EHF;
- i-magnetotherapy;
- i-acupuncture;
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Ultrasound;
- i-reflexology;
- i-hydrotherapy;
- i-electrotherapy;
- i-cryotherapy;
- ukubonakaliswa kwe-laser.
EJalimane, isifo sikashukela selashwa ngaphandle kokugula noma ngaphandle. Intengo nobude besikhathi sokwelashwa kuya ngendlela ekhethiwe yokwelashwa nokuxilongwa. Izindleko ezijwayelekile zivela kuma-euro ayizinkulungwane ezimbili.
Izazi zesifo sikashukela, eziye eJalimane kuzibuyekezo eziningi eziphindaphindayo, ziqaphela ukuthi imitholampilo ehamba phambili iCharite (Berlin), University Hospital Bonn, iSt Lucas kanye ne-Medical Institute yaseBerlin. Ngempela, kulezi zikhungo kuphela odokotela abaqeqeshiwe abasebenza kakhulu abayazisayo impilo yesiguli ngasinye, okubenza babe omunye wodokotela abahle kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko inikeza ukubuyekezwa kweziguli ekunakekelweni kwesifo sikashukela eJalimane.
