Ukutheleleka ngomkhuhlane noma isifo sokuphefumula esibuhlungu kubi kakhulu empilweni yonke yesifo sikashukela. Ngokuvamile, lezi zifo zandisa ushukela wegazi. Lokhu kukhuphuka kubangelwa ukuthi umzimba ukhiqiza izinto zokucindezela ukutheleleka. Lezi zinto zivimbela imiphumela ye-insulin.
Ngokwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kunethuba lokuthola inkinga efana ne-ketoacidosis. Uma umuntu enesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ngakho-ke uma elashwa ngendlela engafanele, kungaba nesifo sikashukela.
Lapho welapha izifo zokuphefumula kakhulu noma umkhuhlane, kuyadingeka ukuqapha izinga le-glucose egazini futhi uhlole inkomba njalo emahoreni amathathu. Ukwazi inkomba yakho kashukela, ungathatha isinyathelo ngesikhathi sokunciphisa noma ukwandisa le nkomba. Isifo sikashukela kudingeka sazi ukuthi singawuthola yini umkhuhlane.
Isifo sikashukela kanye nomkhuhlane
Uma umuntu enesifo sikashukela, khona-ke uma kwenzeka kugula amagciwane kuba nzima kakhulu ukulawula inkambo yesifo. Umkhuhlane kubantu abanoshukela omkhulu wegazi uyingozi ukwedlula kubantu abaphilile.
Ngomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, ikhala eligijimayo, nobuhlungu bemisipha kuvela. Umkhuhlane kanye nesifo sikashukela kuyaxhunyaniswa futhi kukhulisa omunye komunye. Isifo segciwane esithinta ipheshana lokuphefumula eliphezulu nemisipha sivame ukuvela futhi sikhula ngokushesha. Umuntu onomkhuhlane unezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- izinga lokushisa
- ukwehlukana okujwayelekile,
- umkhuhlane
- ukukhwehlela okomile
- Ubuhlungu emehlweni nasemisipha
- umphimbo obuhlungu
- ukoma nokubomvu kwesikhumba,
- ikhala eligobhozayo
- ukukhipha kusuka emehlweni.
Akukhona ukuthi zonke izimpawu zibonakala ngasikhathi sinye. Ezinye izimpawu zingahamba, ezinye zingavela. Umkhuhlane ufaka umthwalo othize emzimbeni womuntu. Lokhu kugqwala ngokuqhuma okungazelelwe koshukela wegazi nokwakheka kwezinkinga ezahlukahlukene.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu okulesi simo kwesinye isikhathi uyenqaba ukudla, okuyisifo sikashukela esisongela nge-hypoglycemia. Odokotela abaningi batusa ukuthola isibhamu somkhuhlane ukugwema ukuphuma kweglucose, ubunzima kanye nokubola kwesifo. Ukugonywa isifo sikashukela noma cha, lolu wudaba lomuntu wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela.
Ngemuva kokugoma, isifo sikashukela ngeke siqhubeke ngokushesha. Izindlela zokuvimbela azilimazi impilo, abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthaka kumele bathathe izinyathelo zokuvikela izifo ezingabhebhethekisa ukugula okukhulu.
Ngesikhathi sezifozifo, unggqoka i-bandage oyinyumba oyinyumba, uvikele ukuxhumana nabantu abagulayo, bese ugeza izandla zakho kahle ngemuva kokuvakashela izindawo zomphakathi.
Kwezinye izimo, umuntu angaphuza umuthi kokugoma, uma kukhona okuphula umthetho othile.
Imvamisa yokuhlola izinga le-glucose egazini ngomkhuhlane
I-American Diabetes Association ithi kubalulekile ukuthi kubhekwe ushukela wegazi ngalomkhuhlane. Uma umuntu engazizwa kahle, imbangela ingaba ukwehla noma ukwanda kokuhlushwa ushukela ngenxa yezifo zokuphefumula ezinamandla.
Kunconywa ukulinganisa ushukela wegazi njalo, futhi ngokushesha wazise udokotela nganoma iziphi izinguquko. Uma umuntu eba nomkhuhlane, kungadingeka i-insulin eyengeziwe uma kuthambekele ekwandiseni ushukela wegazi.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi uhlole izinga le-ketone imizimba yomkhuhlane. Uma inkomba inyuka, amathuba okukhohlisa ayanda. Njengoba kunama-ketones amaningi, isiguli sidinga usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha.
Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi yiziphi izindlela okufanele zithathwe ukuvimbela ukungahambi kahle komkhuhlane.
Ukugoma kanye nesifo sikashukela
Umuthi wokugomela i-pertussis ungenye yezithako zomgomo wokugomela i-DPT, umuthi wokuhlanganisa we-tetanus, diphtheria kanye nokukhwehlela okukhombisa, okufanele unikezwe zonke izingane. Umuthi wokugomela i-pertussis uqukethe i-pertussis toxin, ekhiqizwa yi-microbe ebangela i-pertussis.
I-toxin, ebhekwa njengenye yezingozi eziyingozi kakhulu, inamagama ahlukile futhi ibonakala ngemiphumela eminingi emzimbeni womuntu. Okokuqala, i-pertussis toxin iphazamisa ama-pancreas. Kwezinye izimo, i-hypoglycemia ivela noma inkambo yesifo sikashukela iyaqina.
Ukugoma ngokumelene nesimungumungwane, umumbu kanye ne-rubella, noma i-MMR ngamafuphi, kuqukethe izinto eziningi. Umuthi wokugoma we-MMR, ikakhulukazi izakhi zalo ngokumelene nokufukuza kanye nesimungumungwane, udlala indima ebalulekile phakathi kwezimbangela zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Ngakho-ke, imijovo yokugomela kufanele inikezwe ngokucophelela okukhulu.
Odokotela abaningi banombono wokuthi ukutheleleka kwe-mumps kungadala isifo sikashukela. Kunobufakazi bokuxhumeka okungaqondile phakathi kwesifo sikashukela namam mumps. Kwenziwe ucwaningo lokufakazela ukuhlangana kwama-mumps ne-pancreatitis. Kunemibiko yezimo ngazinye zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ngemuva kokutheleleka nge-mumps.
Kunobufakazi bokuthi ukutheleleka kwe-mumps kungavusa ukwakheka kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kwabanye abantu. Imininingwane ehlanganisa uhlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela ne-mumps virus imi ngalendlela elandelayo:
- Kukhona ukuxhumana kwesayensi phakathi kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane (kufaka phakathi ama-mumps) nohlobo 1 sikashukela.
- Ukujikeleza amasosha omzimba ngokumelene nama-pancreatic antigen, ikakhulukazi amaseli we-beta, lapho elulama ekuthelelekeni kwe-mumps. Ama-antibodies anjalo atholakala ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.
- Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi uhlobo lwasendle lwegciwane le-mumps liyakwazi ukuthelela amaseli e-beta amaseli we-pancreatic beta.
Kunobufakazi obuncane bokuxhumana phakathi kwesimungumungwane nesifo sikashukela. Ukugonywa kwemasisi kubantu abadala kunganikwa uma kwaziwa ukuthi ukungatheleleki kuyancipha maqondana nalesi sifo.
Ngakho-ke, kwatholakala ukuthi umuthi wokugomela isimungumungwane kubantu abadala ungenziwa ngaphandle kwengozi yokwanda kwesifo sikashukela.
Ucwaningo lomjovo wokugomela iHib, obandakanya izingane eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-114 ezivela eFinland, uthole ukuthi abantu abathola imithamo emine yokugomela umkhuhlane weHaemophilus influenzae banezifo eziphakeme kakhulu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kunalabo abathole umthamo owodwa nje.
Imithetho yokwelashwa
Lapho umuntu onesifo sikashukela ephatha umkhuhlane noma i-ARI, kufanele aqaphe ngokulandelana amazinga awo kashukela egazini. Isheke kufanele lenziwe okungenani njalo ngamahora ama-3, futhi ikakhulukazi kaningi. Kubalulekile ukutadisha ngokucophelela ama-contraindication kunoma yiziphi izidakamizwa.
Ngomkhuhlane, kufanele udle njalo, noma ngabe kungabikho kudla. Imvamisa iziguli ngesikhathi somkhuhlane azizwa zilambile, yize zidinga ukudla. Akudingeki udle ukudla okuningi, vele udle ukudla okunempilo ezingxenyeni ezithile ezipholile. Kumakhaza, umuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele adle ukudla okuncane njalo ngehora nesigamu.
Uma umuntu enamazinga okushisa futhi lesi simo sihambisana nokuhlanza, odokotela bacebisa ukuphuza izingcezwana ezincane ezingama-250 ml koketshezi njalo ngehora. Ngakho-ke, ukuphuma komzimba kungakhishwa.
Ngokugcotshwa kakhulu koshukela egazini, ungaphuza itiye le-ginger ngaphandle koshukela noma amanzi amsulwa.
Ngeke uyeke ukuthatha imishanguzo enciphisa ushukela noma ukuphatha i-insulin. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuqala ukuthatha amalungiselelo abandayo, kubalulekile ukuthi unake ama-contraindication.
Udokotela ohambelayo angakucebisa ukuthi kwandise umthamo we-insulin lapho kubanda noma umkhuhlane. Kufanele ulinganise ushukela wegazi lakho njalo emahoreni amane bese uzama ukuligcina lisesimweni esihle ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Izimo zingavela lapho kunokushisa okuphezulu futhi akunakwenzeka ukubuyisela ushukela kokujwayelekile ngosizo lwemithi. Kulokhu, udinga ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi olufudumele. Odokotela bacebisa ukuphuza okungenani isigamu sendebe njalo ngemizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40. Ukuze uvikele izimo ezidala isifo sikashukela, kufanele kunikezwe ihlumela lomkhuhlane.
Kunconywa ukuphuza amanzi okuphuza ajwayelekile, kanye:
- isiphuzo sezithelo
- umhluzi
- itiye ngaphandle koshukela. Itiye elinezimpande ze-ginger yesifo sikashukela liwusizo kakhulu.
- ama-decoctions kanye ne-infusions yamakhambi okwelapha.
Ngokwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ushukela kanye nokudla okusindayo kufanele kugwenywe. Kubalulekile ukulandela ukudla okujwayelekile futhi udle inani elilinganayo lezithelo nemifino. Uma lokhu kungenakwenziwa ngenxa yempilo engeyinhle, kunconywa ukuthi udle ukudla okuthambile, okufana nejelly neyogathi, okungenani kabili ngosuku.
Kufanele ulinganise isisindo sakho nsuku zonke. Ukulahleka kwamakhilogremu kungaba uphawu lokuncipha kwesifo sikashukela. Ngohlobo 1 nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kubalulekile ukugcina idayari yokuzihlola futhi ugcine amanothi asekhona ukuze ubakhombise kudokotela wakho uma kunesidingo. Ungaziphatha kanjani umkhuhlane kushukela - kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
