Ngalesi sifo, i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kufanele iqashelwe ngokuhlelekile, ukukala ukuqina koshukela wegazi. Amanani ashukela ajwayelekile ayalingana kwabesilisa nabesifazane, abe nomehluko omncane eminyakeni.
Izinombolo ebangeni ukusuka ku-3,2 kuye ku-5.5 mmol / ilitha zithathwa njengeglue glucose evamile. Lapho igazi lithathwa emthanjeni, imiphumela iyoba ngaphezulu kancane. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isilinganiso segazi esisheshayo ngeke sisadlula i-6.1 mmol / ilitha. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokudla, ushukela ungakhuphukela ku-7.8 mmol / ilitha.
Ukuthola umphumela onembe kunazo zonke, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kumele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokudla ekuseni kuphela. Uma nje ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-capillary kukhombisa umphumela ongaphezulu kuka-6 mmol / ilitha, udokotela uzokuxilonga isifo sikashukela.
Ukutadisha kwegazi le-capillary ne-venous kungahle kungalungile, akuhambelani nokujwayelekile. Lokhu kwenzeka uma isiguli singazange silandele imithetho yokulungiselela ukuhlaziya, noma sinikele ngegazi ngemuva kokudla. Izici futhi ziholela kudatha engalungile: izimo ezicindezelayo, izifo ezincane, ukulimala okungathi sína.
Ushukela Omdala
Ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-50, iningi labantu, futhi kubantu besifazane kaningi, liyanda:
- ukudla ushukela wegazi cishe ku-0,055 mmol / ilitha;
- ushukela wegazi 2 amahora ngemuva kokudla - 0.5 mmol / ilitha.
Kumele kubhekwe ukuthi lezi zibalo zingamaphakathi kuphela, kumuntu ngamunye oqondile weminyaka esezingeni eliphezulu uyohluka endaweni eyodwa noma kwenye. Kuhlala kuncike ekusebenzeni ngokomzimba kanye nekhwalithi yokudla yesiguli.
Ngokuvamile, kubantu besifazane asebekhulile, izinga le-glucose likhuphuka ngokuqondile emahoreni ama-2 ngemuva kokudla, futhi i-glycemia esheshayo isala ingaphakathi kwemikhawulo ejwayelekile. Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Le nto inezizathu eziningana ezithinta umzimba ngasikhathi sinye. Okokuqala, lokhu kuncipha kokuzwela kwezicubu kwi-insulin ye-hormone, ukuncipha kokukhiqizwa kwayo yi-pancreas. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucasulwa kanye nokusebenza kwama-incretins kuya buthaka ezigulini ezinjalo.
Ama-incretin angama-hormone akhethekile akhiqizwa emgodini wokugaya ukudla ukuphendula ukuthathwa kokudla. Ama-incretin abuye avuselele ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ngama-pancreas. Ngobudala, ukuzwela kwamaseli we-beta kwehla kaningana, lokhu kungenye yezinqubo zesifo sikashukela, esingabalulekile njengokuphikisana ne-insulin.
Ngenxa yesimo esinzima sezezimali, abantu asebekhulile bayaphoqelelwa ukuthi badle ukudla okushibhile kwama-khalori aphezulu. Ukudla okunje kuqukethe:
- amanani amaningi okweqile okusheshayo kwamafutha wezimboni nama-carbohydrate alula;
- ukuntuleka kwama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi, amaprotheni, i-fiber.
Esinye isizathu sokwanda koshukela egazini ekugugeni ukuba khona kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezingapheli, ukwelashwa ngamaphilisi anamandla athinta kabi i-carbohydrate metabolism.
Okuyingozi kakhulu kusuka kuleli phuzu lokubuka: izidakamizwa ze-psychotropic, ama-steroid, ama-thiazide diuretics, ama-beta-blockers angakhethi. Bayakwazi ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathologies yenhliziyo, amaphaphu, uhlelo lwe-musculoskeletal.
Ngenxa yalokhu, isisindo semisipha siyancipha, ukumelana ne-insulin kuyanda.
Izici ze-glycemia asebekhulile
I-Symbomatology yesifo sikashukela kwabesifazane asebekhulile yehluka kakhulu ekubonakalisweni kwesifo okuso, okukuabantu abasebasha. Umehluko omkhulu ukuheha, ubunzima obubi bezimpawu.
I-Hypoglycemia ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kulesi sigaba seziguli kwesinye isikhathi ihlala ingaxilongiwe, izifihla ngempumelelo njengokubonakaliswa kwezinye izifo ezinkulu.
Ukwanda koshukela kuhlotshaniswa nokukhiqizwa okunganele kwamahomoni:
- i-cortisol;
- adrenaline.
Ngalesi sizathu, kungenzeka kungabikho zimpawu ezibonakalayo ngokuphelele zokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin engasebenzi kahle, ngokwesibonelo, ukujuluka, ukuzwakala kwenhliziyo, ukuthuthumela emzimbeni. Ngaphambili kuzoba:
- i-amnesia
- ukozela
- ubuthakathaka
- ukungazi kahle.
Noma ngabe yini imbangela ye-hypoglycemia, kukhona ukwephulwa kwendlela yokuphuma kwalesi simo, amasistimu wokuphatha ukusebenza ngokungahambisani kahle. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukwanda koshukela egazini kuyaqhubeka.
Kungani isifo sikashukela siyingozi kangaka kubantu besifazane asebekhulile? Isizathu ukuthi iziguli azizibekezeleli kahle izinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, zingabulawa isifo sohlangothi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi, kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubi kakhulu. Kukhona nengozi yokuthi umuntu angakhubazeki lapho kwenzeka ukulimala kwengqondo okungalungiseki. Ukubandakanyeka okunjalo kungenzeka esemncane, noma kunjalo, umuntu osekhulile uyakudlulisa kanzima kakhulu.
Lapho isilinganiso sikashukela segazi sowesifazane sikhuphuka kaningi futhi singalindele, lokhu kubangela ukuwa nokulimala.
Izimpophoma ezine-hypoglycemia zivame ukuba imbangela yokuqhekeka kwamalunga, ukuhlukaniswa kwamalunga, kanye nomonakalo kwezicubu ezithambile.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kushukela kunjani?
Ucwaningo ngoshukela wegazi kwabesifazane asebekhulile lwenziwa ngesisu esingenalutho. Ukuhlaziywa kulungiselelwe uma isiguli sikhononda ngalokhu:
- umuzwa wokoma;
- ukulunywa kwesikhumba;
- ukuchama njalo.
Igazi lithathwa emunweni ngesandla noma emvinini. Lapho umuntu ene-glucometer engahlaseli, ukuhlolwa kungenziwa ekhaya kuphela, ngaphandle kosizo lodokotela. Idivayisi enjalo ilungele ngokwanele ukuba owesifazane anikeze ithonsi legazi ukuze lihlaziywe. Umphumela uzotholwa imizuzwana embalwa ngemuva kokuqala kwesilinganiso.
Uma idivaysi ikhombisa umphumela ovelele, kuyadingeka ukuxhumana nesikhungo sezokwelapha, lapho ezimweni zelebhu ungathola khona inani elijwayelekile le-glucose.
Ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa kweshukela amahora angama-8-10, kufanele wenqabe ukudla. Ngemuva kokunikela ngegazi, owesifazane unikezwa ukuthi aphuze amagremu angama-75 kashukela ancibilikisiwe kuketshezi, ngemuva kwamahora ama-2, kwenziwa isivivinyo sesibili:
- uma umphumela we-7.8 kuya ku-11.1 mmol / ilitha utholakala, udokotela uzokhombisa ukwephulwa kokubekezelelwa kwe-glucose;
- ngenkomba engenhla kwe-11.1 mmol / ilitha, isifo sikashukela siyatholakala;
- uma umphumela ungaphansi kuka-4 mmol / ilitha, kunezinkomba zokuxilongwa okwengeziwe komzimba.
Kwesinye isikhathi kwabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65, ukuhlolwa kwegazi likashukela kuzokhombisa izinombolo kusuka ku-5.5 kuye ku-6 mmol / ilitha, lokhu kukhombisa isimo esiphakathi esibizwa nge-prediabetes. Ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka kwesifo, kuyadingeka ukuthi ulandele yonke imithetho ephathelene nokudla, ushiye imilutha.
Uma kunezimpawu ezicacile zesifo sikashukela, owesifazane kufanele anikele ngegazi izikhathi eziningana ngezinsuku ezahlukahlukene. Ngobusuku besifundo, asikho isidingo sokulandela ngokuqinile isidlo, lokhu kuzosiza ekutholeni amanani athembekile. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuxilongwa, kungcono ukungafaki ukudla okumnandi.
Ukunemba kokuhlaziywa kuthonywa:
- izimo ezicindezelayo;
- ukukhulelwa
- ukuba khona kwama-pathologies angamahlalakhona.
Akunconyelwe ukuthi abantu asebekhulile bahlolwe ukuthi ngabe abalalanga kahle ebusuku ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
Omdala lowesifazane, imvamisa kufanele ahlolwe ushukela wegazi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekusindisweni ngokweqile, ifa elibi, izinkinga zenhliziyo - yilezi zizathu ezinkulu zokuthi kuphakama ushukela wegazi.
Uma abantu abaphilile baboniswa ukunikela ngegazi ushukela kanye ngonyaka, khona-ke umuntu onesifo sikashukela osekhulile kufanele akwenze lokhu nsuku zonke, kathathu noma ngisho nangezinsuku ezinhlanu ngosuku. Imvamisa yocwaningo incike ohlotsheni lwesifo sikashukela, ubukhulu bayo kanye nobudala isiguli.
Naphezu kweminyaka yakhe yobudala, umuntu onhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela kufanele ahlolwe njalo ngaphambi kokufakwa kwe-insulin. Lapho kunengcindezi, ushintsho kusigqi sokuphila, ukuhlolwa okunjalo kwenziwa kaningi.
Ngohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela esiqinisekisiwe, ukuhlaziywa kuyenziwa:
- ngemuva kokuvuka;
- Imizuzu engama-60 ngemuva kokudla;
- ngaphambi kokulala.
Kuhle kakhulu uma isiguli sithenga i-glucometer ephathekayo.
Ngisho nabesifazane abanempilo ngemuva kweminyaka engama-45 kufanele bahlolwe isifo sikashukela okungenani iminyaka emi-3, ukwazi izinga labo loshukela. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuhlaziywa kwe-glucose esheshayo akusifanele ngokuphelele ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo. Ngalesi sizathu, kunconywa ukuthi ngaphezu kwalokho uthathe ukuhlaziya kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko iqhubeka nendikimba yesifo sikashukela asebekhulile.
