Noma ngubani onesifo sikashukela uyazi ukuthi iziphi izinaliti zama-insulin syringes, futhi uyazi ukuthi angazisebenzisa kanjani, ngoba lokhu inqubo ebalulekile yesifo. Ama-syringes wokuphathwa kwe-insulin ahlala alahlwa futhi engcolile, okuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokusebenza kwawo. Zenziwe ngeplastiki yezokwelapha futhi zinesilinganiso esikhethekile.
Lapho ukhetha isirinji le-insulin, udinga ukunaka ngokukhethekile isilinganiso kanye nesinyathelo sokuhlukaniswa kwaso. Isinyathelo noma intengo yokuhlukanisa ngumehluko phakathi kwamanani akhonjiswe kumamaki aseduze. Ngenxa yalokhu kubalwa, umuntu onesifo sikashukela uyakwazi ukubala kahle umthamo odingekayo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imijovo, i-insulin kufanele iphathwe njalo futhi incike enkambisweni ethile, kucatshangelwa ukujula kokuphatha, kusetshenziswa amafolda esikhumba, futhi amasayithi womjovo uhlukile.
Ukukhetha kwenaliti ye-insulin
Njengoba umuthi ungeniswa emzimbeni izikhathi eziningi usuku lonke, kubalulekile ukukhetha usayizi ofanelekile wenaliti ye-insulin ukuze izinhlungu zincane. I-hormone ihanjiswa kuphela emafutheni angaphansi, ivimbela ubungozi bomuthi intramuscularly.
Uma i-insulin ingena ezicutshini zemisipha, lokhu kungaholela ekukhuleni kwe-hypoglycemia, ngoba i-hormone iqala ukusebenza ngokushesha kulezi izicubu. Ngakho-ke, ubukhulu kanye nobude binaliti kufanele kube kahle.
Kukhethwa ubude bokubamba kwenaliti, kugxilwe ezimeni zomuntu ngamunye, zomzimba, zezokwelapha nezengqondo. Ngokusho kwezifundo, ubukhulu be-subcutaneous ungabohluka, ngokuya ngesisindo, iminyaka nobulili bomuntu.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ukushuba kwamafutha angaphansi kwezinye izindawo kungahluka, ngakho-ke kuyanconywa ukuthi umuntu ofanayo asebenzise izinaliti ezimbili zobude obuhlukile.
Izinaliti ze-insulin zingaba:
- Kafushane - 4-5 mm;
- Ubude obuphakathi ngu-6-8 mm;
- Isikhathi eside - ngaphezu kwama-8 mm.
Uma abantu abebekade benesifo sikashukela esidala babevame ukusebenzisa izinaliti ezinde eziyi-12,7 mm, namuhla odokotela abancomi ukuzisebenzisa ukugwema ukumuncwa umuthi. Ngokuqondene nezingane, kubo inalithi engu-8 mm ubude nayo yinde kakhulu.
Ukuze isiguli sikwazi ukukhetha kahle ubude obuyinaliti, sekwenziwe itafula elikhethekile elinezincomo.
- Izingane kanye nentsha yelulekwa ukuba bakhethe uhlobo lwenalithi ngobude obuyi-5, 6 no-8 mm ngokwenziwa kwesibaya sesikhumba ngokwethulwa kwehomoni. Ukufakwa kwenziwa ku-angle ka-90 degrees usebenzisa inaliti engu-5 mm, ama-degree ama-45 ngezinaliti ezi-6 no-8 mm.
- Abantu abadala bangasebenzisa ama-syringes 5, 6 no-8 mm ubude. Kulesi simo, kwakheka isibaya esikhunjeni esincanyana futhi esinenaliti ubude obungaphezu kuka-8 mm. I-angle yokuphathwa kwe-insulin ingama-90 degrees izinaliti ezi-5 nezingu-6, ama-45 degrees uma kusetshenziswa izinaliti ezinde kuno-8 mm.
- Izingane, iziguli ezondile kanye nabanesifo sikashukela abafaka i-insulin ethangeni noma ehlombe, ukunciphisa ubungozi bokulimala kwe-intramuscular, kunconyelwa ukusonga isikhumba bese senza umjovo ohlangothini lwama-degree angama-45.
- Inaliti emfushane ye-insulin engu-4-5 mm ubude ingasetjenziswa ngokuphephile kunoma yimuphi unyaka wesiguli, kufaka phakathi ukukhuluphala. Akudingekile ukwakha ifula lesikhumba lapho ulisebenzisa.
Uma isiguli sifaka i-insulin okokuqala, kungcono ukuthatha izinaliti ezimfushane 4-5 mm ubude. Lokhu kuzogwema ukulimala nokujova okulula. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinhlobo zezinaliti zibiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke imvamisa abanesifo sikashukela bakhetha izinaliti ezinde, bangagxili emzimbeni nasendaweni yokuphatha umuthi. Kulokhu, udokotela kumele afundise isiguli ukuthi sinikeze umjovo kunoma iyiphi indawo futhi sisebenzise izinaliti zobude obuhlukahlukene.
Abaningi besifo sikashukela banesifiso sokuthi kungenzeka yini ukubhoboza isikhumba ngenaliti eyengeziwe ngemuva kokuphathwa kwe-insulin.
Uma kusetshenziswa isirinji le-insulin, inaliti isetshenziswa kanye futhi lapho umjovo uthathelwa indawo omunye, kepha uma kunesidingo, ungavunyelwe ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezimbili.
Umehluko phakathi kwesirinji le-insulin nelivamile
Isirinji le-insulin linomzimba omncane futhi omude, ngakho-ke inani lentengo lesilinganiso elithweswe iziqu liyehliswa libe amayunithi angama-0.25-0,5. Lokhu kubalulekile kwabanesifo sikashukela, ngoba izingane nabantu abanozwela bazwela ukweqisa kwalo muthi. I-placenta enophawu olubunjiwe lwethulwa nge-syringe efanayo.
Isirinji le-insulin linamasikali amabili okulinganisa, elinye libonisa i-millilita, namanye amayunithi. Umthamo omkhulu ungaba ngu-2 ml, kanti ubuncane - 0.3 mm, ngokuvamile abanesifo sikashukela basebenzisa isirinji engu-1 ml. Ama-syringes ajwayelekile anomthamo omkhulu kakhulu ukusuka ku-2 kuye ku-50 ml.
Ubude nobubanzi benaliti emithini yes insulin bufushane kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ukujova kwe-insulin akunabuhlungu futhi kuphephile kwezicubu. Izinaliti ezikhethekile zine-laser ekhethekile ye-monster ekhethekile, ngakho-ke zibukhali.
Ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokulimala, ichopho ihlanganiswe nge-silicone grease.
Ungawenza kanjani umjovo ngezinaliti zobude obuhlukile
- Lapho usebenzisa inalithi emfushane, umjovo wenziwa engangeni yama-90 degrees ebusweni besikhumba.
- I-insulin ifakwe esibayeni sesikhumba ngenaliti ephakathi, kanti i-angle kufanele ilungile.
- Uma kusetshenziswa izinaliti ezinde ezingaphezu kuka-8 mm, umuthi uyafakelwa esibayeni sesikhumba, engela lingama-45 degrees.
Kubalulekile ukufunda ukuthi ungayakha kanjani kahle isibaya sesikhumba, isikhumba esithathiwe asikwazi ukwehliswa kuze kube yilapho umuthi ungeniswe ngokuphelele. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi isikhumba asigwayi futhi asihambi, ngaphandle kwalokho umjovo uzokwenziwa ngokujulile futhi umuthi uzongena ezicutshini zemisipha.
Ngenqubo yokujova, ungangena ukujova kunoma iyiphi indawo ye-anatomical.
Ukukhetha indawo ye-insulin
Ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kudinga ukuhambisana nemithetho eminingana. Uma i-hormone iphathwa ngokwayo, kungcono ukhethe indawo esiswini noma ethangeni. Futhi unganikeza umjovo ku-buttock, kepha lokhu kuyindawo elula.
Akunconywa ukuphatha umuthi esifundeni samahlombe ngokwawo, ngoba kunzima kakhulu ukwakha isibaya, esikhulisa ubungozi bokuthi umuthi ungene emisipha. Futhi, i-insulin ayivunyelwe ukuthi ifakwe endaweni esikhunjeni lapho kukhona khona uphawu, izibazi, ukubonakaliswa kokuvuvukala.
Ngokuya ngokuthi hlobo luni lwe-insulin olusetshenziswayo, kukhethwa indawo yomjovo.
- I-analogue ye-insulin yabantu yesikhathi eside nesifushane ingeniswa kunoma iyiphi indawo, ngoba isilinganiso sokufakwa kwesidakamizwa siyefana yonke indawo.
- I-insulin yomuntu osebenza ngokufushane imvamisa ifakwa esiswini ukukhuphula izinga lokufakwa.
- I-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside ifakwa ethangeni, i-buttock, ukuze yehlise izinga lokufakwa. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi umuthi awungeneki ngaphakathi, ngoba lokhu kwandisa ubungozi be-hypoglycemia.
Ngaphambi kokwenza umjovo, isiguli kufanele ngempela sihlole indawo lapho kuzojova khona i-insulin. Uma uthola izimpawu zokuvuvukala, izigaxa namaphaphu, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Isiza somjovo we-anatomical kufanele sishintshwe ukuze kuvikelwe izicubu ezinempilo. Udinga ukushintsha indawo masonto onke, kusukela njalo ngoMsombuluko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziza zikhethwa ngokulandelana, ngaphandle kokuphula i-oda.
Njalo lapho uphatha i-hormone endaweni efanayo, udinga ukwenza i-indent encane kusuka iphuzu lomjovo wangaphambili ngo-1-2 cm ukuze ungalimazi izicubu futhi.
Umjovo wenziwa ngesikhathi esithile ukuze ukumuncwa kwe-insulin kufane.
Kusetshenziswa amapeni weSiringe
Amapeni wesirinji we-insulin ayizitende ezikhethekile emgodini lapho kufakwa khona ibhokisi elincane eline-insulin ye-hormone. Umshini onjalo wenza lula kakhulu impilo yesifo sikashukela, ngoba isiguli akufanele siphathe izirinji namabhodlela ngomuthi.
Ngokubukeka, idivayisi ifana nepeni elijwayelekile. Inesikhala se-cartridge sloter, i-cartridge retainer, i-othomathikhi ye-othomathikhi, inkinobho ye-trigger, iphaneli yenkomba, inaliti eshintshashintshayo ene-cap cap, kanye necala lesimbi lensimbi ngesiqeshana.
Amapeni wesirinji anjalo ngokuvamile anesilinganiso esikali seYunithi eyi-1 noma iYunithi engu-0.5 ezinganeni; akunakwenzeka ukuthola umthamo omncane. Ngakho-ke, sebenzisa idivaysi yohlobo lokuqala noma uhlobo lwe-2 yesifo sikashukela kuphela ngemuva kokukhetha ngokucophelela umthamo owuthandayo.
Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, kufakwa i-insulin cartridge. Umthamo odingekayo unqunywe, indlela ye-dispenser igobile.
Inaliti idedelwa ku-cap futhi ifakwe ngokucophelela engela lama-70-90 degrees, inkinobho icindezelwa yonke indlela.
Ungasiphatha kanjani isidakamizwa
Ngaphambi kokufakwa komuthi, kufanele kuhlolwe kahle isikhumba. Uma kunezimpawu zokuqina, ukutheleleka, noma ukuvuvukala, indawo yomjovo kufanele ishintshwe.
Umjovo wenziwa ngezandla ezihlanzekile, isikhumba kufanele futhi siphathwe uma kunengozi yokutheleleka noma isikhumba singcolile. Lapho usebenzisa ikhambi lotshwala, umjovo ungenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuphuma ngokuphelele koketshezi olusuka esikhunjeni.
Ezinye iziguli zithanda umjovo phezu kwezingubo. Lokhu kuvunyelwe, kepha ngale ndlela akunakwenzeka ukwakha isibaya, ngakho-ke leli qiniso kufanele libhekwe.
- Umjovo wenziwa ngokunensa, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi ipiston yesirinji noma ukhiye wepeni lesirinji kufakwe ngokuphelele. Ukuphathwa okusheshayo kwe-insulin kuchazwe ngokuphelele.
- Lapho usebenzisa ipeni lesirinji ngemuva kokuba umuthi ukhishwe, udinga ukulinda imizuzwana eyi-10 ngaphambi kokukhipha inaliti ukuze isixazululo singaphindi sibuyele emuva, futhi onesifo sikashukela uzothola wonke umthamo womuthi. Uma usebenzisa umthamo omkhulu, udinga ukulinda isikhathi eside.
- Ukwengamela indawo yomjovo ngaphambi nangemva kokuphathwa kwehomoni akukanconywa, ngoba lokhu kushintsha izinga lokufakwa.
Inaliti ye-insulin yepeni yesirinji kufanele isetshenziswe kanye kanye esigulini ngasinye. Musa ukudlulisa idivaysi ukuthi isetshenziselwe abanye abantu, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ekufakeleni kokuphilayo kwezinto ezingaphansi kwekhabethe.
Ngemuva kokusebenzisa ipeni lesirinji, inaliti kufanele inqanyulwe ukuze umoya nezinto eziyingozi zingangeni kwi-cartridge. Futhi, lokhu ngeke kuvume umuthi ukuphuma.
Uma kusetshenziswa isirinji le-insulin ejwayelekile, 1 ml u 100 3 x comp n100 luersmt, inaliti ayidingi ukubanjwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba isikhathi eside. Lapho uxuba izinhlobo eziningana ze-insulin, kunconywa ukuthatha isirinji ngenalithi ehleliwe, kuyasiza ekutholeni kahle umthamo futhi kunciphise indawo efile.
Uma ama-bubble avela kwisirinji ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi, gazulula isilinda kancane bese ucindezela i-piston ukukhipha umoya. Njengamapeni wesirinji, lapho usebenzisa isirinji ejwayelekile, izinaliti zithathelwa indawo emva komjovo.
Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa, izinaliti ne-syulin kufanele zibekwe esitsheni esikhethekile, kanti isivalo sokuvikela kufanele sifakwe ngenalithi. Abakwazi ukuphonswa emgqonyeni ojwayelekile, njengoba abanye abantu bengalimala uma benganakwa.
Umuthi uvame ukugcinwa endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni. Uma umuthi ubusesiqandisini, kufanele ukhishwe isigamu sehora ngaphambi kokufakwa kwehomoni ukuze ithole izinga lokushisa elidingekayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuzilungiselela okubandayo kuzodala umuzwa obuhlungu lapho ulimale. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokutshela ukuthi ungazisebenzisa kanjani isirinji nezinaliti ze-insulin.
