Lapho wenza ukukhethwa kwerejimeni efanelekile yokwelashwa kwe-insulin, ukuzwela komzimba ku-insulin kubaluleke kakhulu. Lesi sikhombisi sibonisa ukuthi ukwehla kwezinga le-glucose emzimbeni kwenzeka kanjani lapho kufakwa i-insulin eyodwa yangaphandle kuyo, ene-ultrashort noma isenzo esifushane.
Ukwazi kwe-insulin sensitivity index kuvumela ukulungiswa okulungile futhi okufika ngesikhathi kokuqukethwe okwenyuka kweglucose emzimbeni wesiguli esinesifo sikashukela mellitus.
Uma i-coeff kukwana yokuzwela kwe-insulin iyaziwa, khona-ke umthamo wezidakamizwa owethulwe emzimbeni ungashintshwa kalula, osetshenziselwa ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-glucose ku-plasma yegazi.
Lapho uthuthukisa isidlo, kufanele kunikezwe imikhiqizo yemvelo yezitshalo, le ndlela yokulungiswa kokudla ithinta kahle lesi sifo futhi isiza ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa komthamo we-insulin wansuku zonke. Lo mphumela utholakala ngenxa yokuthi ama-carbohydrate amancane asetshenziswa ekudleni.
Izimpawu zokuncipha kokuzwela kwamaseli ukuya ku-insulin nokuxilongwa kwaso
Kungenzeka usole ubukhona bomzimba wakho wezinzwa eziphansi ze-insulin ngezimpawu nezimpawu ezimbalwa. Okusemqoka yilokhu okulandelayo: ukuba khona kokukhuluphala okhalweni (isisu), ukutholwa kwezimpawu zokuqina komfutho wegazi (umfutho wegazi ophakeme).
Ukuba khona kokuhlolwa kwegazi okungekuhle kwe-cholesterol ne-triglycerides, ukutholwa kwamaprotheni kumchamo.
Ukuba khona kokukhuluphala esiswini kumuntu kuwuphawu oluphambili olukhombisa ubukhona bokuncipha kokuzwa. Owesibili uphawu olubaluleke kakhulu ubukhona be-hypertension ye-arterial.
Ezimweni ezingandile kakhulu, kwenzeka isimo lapho umzimba unganakho ukukhuluphala okhalweni kanye nomfutho wegazi ngaphakathi kokujwayelekile komzimba, kanti ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-cholesterol namafutha akulungile.
Ukubona ukwehla kokuzwela ngokuhlolwa kwelebhu kuyinkinga. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inkomba yokuqukethwe kwe-insulin ku-plasma yegazi kungahluka ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ebanzi. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuhlaziywa kwe-insulin yokuzila egazini, inkomba ejwayelekile ingahluka kububanzi ukusuka kwabathathu kuya kwabangu-28 mcU / ml.
Okuqukethwe okwandayo kwe-hormone esegazini kukhombisa ubukhona bokuncipha kokuzwela kwamangqamuzana ukuya ku-insulin.
Ukuzwela kwezicubu zomzimba ezahlukahlukene
Ekwelapheni izifo, ukuzwela kwe-insulin kwamaseli emisipha nezicubu ze-adipose kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzwela kwe-insulin kwamaseli wesibindi kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngabaphenyi kukhombisa ukuthi ukuzwela kwezicubu ezihlukile kuhlukile.
Ukucindezela inqubo yokuqhekeka kwamafutha ezicutshini ze-adipose ngo-50%, kwanele ukuba ne-hormone yokuhlushwa okungabi ngaphezu kwe-10 mcU / ml egazini; ukucindezela ukukhishwa kwe-glucose kusuka kumaseli wesibindi kungena egazini, kuyadingeka i-insulin yokuhlushwa engama-30 mcU / ml. Ukwandisa ukuthathwa koshukela ngamaseli wam izicubu ngamaphesenti angama-50, okuqukethwe kwe-insulin okusondele ku-100 mcED / ml kuyadingeka kwi-plasma yegazi.
I-insulin isiza ekucindezeleni ukwephulwa kwezicubu ze-adipose kanye nokukhishwa kweglucose egazini ngamaseli wesibindi. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-insulin ikhulisa ukuthathwa koshukela ngamaseli emisipha.
Ukwehla kokuzwela kwe-insulin kwamaseli womzimba kungenzeka kube ngenxa yofuzo, kodwa isizathu esiyinhloko ukugcina indlela yokuphila engenampilo. Umthwalo owengeziwe kumanyikwe isikhathi eside uvusa ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 emzimbeni womuntu.
Umuzwa womzimba we-insulin unqunywa kanjani?
Lapho kunqunywa amanani ezinzwa we-insulin, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi angahluka kumuntu ofanayo ngezikhathi ezihlukile zosuku.
Inkomba yokuzwela komuntu i-insulin incike izinkomba eziningi.
Izici ezithinta amanani wokuzwela ngaphezu kwesikhathi sosuku yilezi:
- isimo sempilo yabantu;
- ubungako bokuzivocavoca umzimba;
- inkathi, njll.
Kusungulwe ngokuthembekile ngomuthi ukuthi lapho kuboniswa kakhulu iphrofayili ye-glycemic phakathi nosuku futhi kusondele inkomba yayo kunejwayelekile, kuphakama ukuzwela komzimba womuntu ukuya ku-insulin.
Izinkomba ezitholwe kumuntu omdala zibonisa ukuthi iyunithi elilodwa le-hormone elethwe emzimbeni kusukela ngaphandle lehlisa i-glycemia ngo-2-3 mmol.
Emzimbeni wezingane, isisindo sawo esingaphansi kwamakhilogretha angama-25, umuzwa unesibonakaliso esandisiwe futhi ungasusela ku-5 kuye ku-10 mmol. Isidumbu somfundi sinokuzwela okusuka ku-3 kuye ku-6.5 mmol. Eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala yokukhula kwesifo sikashukela emzimbeni womuntu, kugcinwa inani eliphakeme. Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, ukwehla kwamanani kuyenzeka.
Amanani aphansi kakhulu abonwa kubantu kanye nokwakheka kokuwohloka okuqhubekayo kwesifo sikashukela emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokugula, njengesifo sikashukela sikashukela. Noma yisiphi isifo esibuhlungu esakheka emzimbeni siyakwazi ukwehlisa inani lokuzwela. Isimo esinjalo singabukwa emzimbeni ngokuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezinamandla zokuphefumula ezifweni noma ubuthi. Esimweni esinjalo, umthamo we-insulin owethulwe ngaphandle kufanele ukhushulwe kwezinye izimo ngesizathu sika-2-3.
Ukuvela kwe-hypoglycemia ejwayelekile kanye nenani elinciphile likashukela kukhulisa ukwanda kokuzwela kwamangqamuzana ukuya ku-insulin.
Ngokukhula kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 emzimbeni, umuzwa womzimba ku-insulin ubhekisele emandleni amaseli womzimba womzimba ukusebenzisa i-insulin ekhishwa ngamanyikwe.
Inkinga enkulu ekwakhiweni kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 sikhuluphele. Izicubu ze-adipose eseqile azivumeli amaseli ukuthi ahlangane kahle ne-insulin ye-hormone.
Esimweni se-prediabetes emzimbeni, ukuzwela okuphansi kwe-insulin kuyabonakala. Ukuze wandise ukuzwela kwe-insulin lapho kutholwa i-prediabetes, isiguli sinqunywe ukudla okuyisipesheli kanye nokuzivocavoca okulinganiselayo.
Ungayandisa kanjani umuzwa womzimba we-insulin?
Endabeni yohlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela emzimbeni wesiguli, kungenzeka ukwandisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin ngosizo olukhethwe ngendlela efanelekile lwe-insulin. Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-insulin ziholela ekunciphiseni kokuguquguquka kushukela wegazi phakathi nosuku namazinga aphansi we-glycated hemoglobin.
Izidakamizwa ezikhulisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin zingahlanganiswa nezemidlalo, lokhu kuzokwandisa kakhulu ukuzwela komzimba ku-insulin.
Lapho kunikelwa umthwalo we-dosed, kukhuphuka kancane kancane kokuzwela komzimba ku-insulin.
Ukuzwela kwe-insulin ephezulu kuvumela umzimba ukuba ulethe ngokushesha i-glucose equkethe ku-plasma yegazi ezinkomba ezisondelene nokujwayelekile komzimba.
Ngokukhula kohlobo lwesibili sikashukela, umsebenzi oyinhloko wesiguli ukuwenza ube nomzimba ngokwejwayelekile. Ezimweni eziningi, ukufeza umphumela owufunayo, kwanele ukulandela indlela yokudla nokudla okunconywe yi-endocrinologist futhi unikeze umsebenzi ojwayelekile womzimba emzimbeni. Ukusetshenziswa kokuzivocavoca kwe-physiotherapy ngokuhambisana nokudla kukuvumela ukuba uzuze umphumela obonakalayo - ukuzwela kwe-insulin kuba phezulu.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kwezinye izimo, ukuthola umphumela omuhle, izidakamizwa zingadingeka ukuthi zengezelele umphumela otholakala ekusetshenzisweni kokudla kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba, izidakamizwa ezinjalo zingasetshenziswa inqubo yokwelashwa kuphela ngemuva kokuhlolwa okugcwele komzimba nokubonisana nodokotela ovumayo we-endocrinologist. Udokotela we-endocrinologist kuphela ongabeka izidakamizwa ukuthuthukisa ukuzwela ekwelapheni isifo esifana nesifo sikashukela mellitus.
Ukuze balondoloze umphumela oyifunayo, abanye abantu kufanele banamathele ekudleni okudla ekudleni nasekuphuzeni izidakamizwa ezikhethekile empilweni yabo yonke.
Ukuhambisana nokudla kanye nokusetshenziswa kokudla okunempilo ekudleni kuyanconywa lapho kunendlela yesifo exhaswe yi-insulin.
Ukwehliswa okuphezulu kwenombolo yemikhiqizo enenkomba ye-glycemic ephezulu kusiza ukuguqula isimo somzimba futhi kuthuthukise izinqubo ze-metabolic kuwo.
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokwandisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin yomzimba nokusetshenziswa kwama-carbohydrate ekudleni
Ukuze wandise ukuzwela kwe-insulin, imithetho ethile kufanele ilandelwe lapho kulungiswa isidlo. Ukuhambisana nokudla kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise umzimba futhi ube namandla amancane nezikhathi eziphansi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhambisana nokudla kokudla kwenza ukuthi kulondolozwe izinga elifanele lokuhlushwa kwama-glycogen emisipha emzimbeni.
Ukuthola imiphumela emihle kakhulu kusuka ekudleni kokudla, kufanele ulandele le mithetho elandelayo:
- lahla ukudla okuqukethe ama-carbohydrate alula ekudleni;
- Sebenzisa amafutha anempilo ekudleni kwakho
- ukwethulwa kwenani elikhulu le-fiber ekudleni;
- ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunamaprotheni amaningi ekudleni.
Ukuqeda ukudla okuqukethe inani elikhulu lama-carbohydrate alula ekudleni kubaluleke kakhulu. Enye yezizathu ezinkulu zokuqalwa kwesifo sikashukela ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kokudla, okuqukethe inani elikhulu lama-carbohydrate acwengekile, angeniswa kalula egazini. Ukusetshenziswa ushukela ekudleni kuholela ekukhiqizweni okungapheli kwamanani e-pancreatic akhuphukayo we-insulin. Ngokusetshenziswa njalo kwesamba esikhulu sikashukela futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin okwenziwe emangqamuzaneni, ukwehla kokuzwela kwe-insulin kuyabonakala.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamanani amakhulu wamafutha anempilo ekudleni kungenye yezindlela zokwandisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana omzimba ukuze ungene ku-insulin. Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha ekudleni kukuvumela ukuthi ukwandise izinga lokukhiqizwa kanye nokudluliswa kwama-carbohydrate kumaseli emisipha.
Ukusetshenziswa kokudla okugcwele amafutha kanye ne-fiber ekudleni
Ukusetshenziswa kwenani elikhulu lamafutha we-trans ekudleni kusiza ukwehlisa izinga lokuzwela kwe-insulin. Amafutha we-monounsaturated ne-omega, adliwe ngobuningi, ayasiza kule nkomba. Imithombo engcono kakhulu yamafutha enempilo yile:
- amafutha e-olive;
- uwoyela ongahluziwe;
- ukwatapheya
- amantongomane
- ibhotela lamantongomane;
- izinhlanzi ezinamafutha;
- uwoyela wezinhlanzi.
Ehlelweni lokudla ukudla okuqukethe la mafutha, umuntu kufanele futhi abheke isilinganiso futhi angasebenzisi kabi. Ukusetshenziswa kwale mikhiqizo kukuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-insulin ekhiqizwa umzimba namaseli womzimba ahambisana ne-insulin.
Yidla ukudla okuningi okuqukethe i-fiber ekwakhekeni kwawo. Ukudla lokhu kudla kuthuthukisa ukugaya. Izitsha, eziqukethe inani elikhulu le-fiber, zehlisa ukukhishwa kwe-carbohydrate kanye nokungena kwazo egazini lapho zidliwe, futhi ukwehla okunjalo ekuthuthweni kwama-carbohydrate kunomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kahle kwe-insulin egazini ngumzimba.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemifino nezithelo ezicebile ku-fiber kukuvumela ukwanelisa umzimba ngamavithamini namaminerali athuthukisa impilo yabantu, kuvikele ukukhula kwezifo emzimbeni. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko iveza ukuzwela kwe-insulin.
