Ukwanda okuthe xaxa koshukela wegazi, okuyizimpawu zazo ezihluke kakhulu, kungakhombisa ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela.
Lesi sifo sikhohlakele kakhulu: ngokuvela kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, izimpawu zokuqala zingavela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kwesifo segciwane.
Abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-40 kuya kwengama-5 basengozini futhi ngohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela bangahle bangazizwa izimpawu isikhathi eside. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi ngamaphuzu amabili abalulekile azosiza ekuqiniseni ushukela wegazi.
Izizathu Zamazinga Ushukela
Amazinga kashukela wegazi ajwayelekile kwabasesakhula nabadala aqala ku-3,2 kuye ku-5.5 mmol / L Uma amanani kashukela wegazi ehlukile kunokwejwayelekile, khona-ke lokhu kungakhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology.
Izizathu zokuguquguquka okubukhali kuhlobo lwesifo sikashukela uhlobo 1 noma 2 kuhlobene nokungakwazi kwe-insulin, i-hormone eyinhloko esehlisa okuqukethwe ushukela, ukuqaphela ushukela. Kwesinye isikhathi umuntu ophilile ngokuphelele angadla ubumnandi obudlula obudingekayo. Ngemuva kwalokho inqubo yokwandisa ushukela wegazi iba khona, kepha umzimba unqoba lokhu ngokwayo.
Kodwa-ke, isifo sikashukela akuyona ukuphela kwesizathu sokuthi le nkomba iyanda. Izici eziphambili ezandisa ushukela yilezi:
- Ukucindezeleka nokuzikhandla okukhulu ngokomzimba. Ngokushintshwa okunjalo ngokushesha komzimba, umzimba womuntu udinga ushukela omningi.
- Ukudla okungalungile.
- Ukuba khona kobuhlungu obuhlala isikhathi eside.
- Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nezifo ezibangela umkhuhlane.
- Ukuba khona komzimba womuntu wokushiswa okuvusa izinhlungu.
- Ukuxhuga kanye nokuxhuga.
- Ukuphuza imithi ehlukahlukene.
- Ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi nezifo zomgudu wesisu.
- Ukwehluleka okuqhubekayo noma okubukhali kwama-hormone emzimbeni (ukuya esikhathini, ukuya esikhathini kwabesifazane).
- Izifo ezihambisana nokusebenza kokuphazamiseka kohlelo lwe-endocrine, ama-pancreas nesibindi.
Ngokukhula okungapheli kweshukela, nakanjani udinga ukukhalisa i-alamu.
Izimpawu Zokwenyuka Ushukela
Lapho ushukela wegazi ukhuphuka, ezinye izinguquko zenzeka emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, uphawu oluphambili lokwanda kwale nkomba kungaba umuzwa wokoma, umlomo owomile nesidingo esivamile sokunciphisa isidingo.
Izizathu zokubonakala kwezimpawu ezinjalo zihambisana nokwanda komthwalo ezinso, okufanele zisuse ushukela omningi. Baqala ukuthatha uketshezi olahlekile kusuka ezicutshini, ngakho-ke bahlala bezizwa sengathi baphuza endlini yangasese "kancane".
Ezinye izinkomba zifaka:
- I-Pallor yesikhumba, ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwegazi. Kulokhu, amanxeba aphulukisa isikhathi eside kunasemuntwini ophile kahle, kwesinye isikhathi isikhumba saso, nokuqhuma kuyabonakala kuso.
- Ukomela, ukukhathala, ukungazweli. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaseli omzimba awatholi amandla adingekayo, okuwumthombo wawo okuyi-glucose.
- Ukubuzwa kwenhliziyo isicanucanu nokuhlanza. Izimpawu ezinjalo ziyanda phakathi kokudla.
- Ukwehla kwesisindo okusheshayo nesifiso esiqhubekayo sokudla. Lesi simo sichazwa yiqiniso lokuthi ngokuntuleka kwamandla, umzimba uqala ukusithola kumaseli wamafutha nezicubu zemisipha.
- Ukulimazeka okubukwayo kuhlotshaniswa nokusebenza kokuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi ngaphakathi kwezibuko zamehlo. Lokhu kunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi - i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela, okungaholela ekulahlekelweni kombono ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela.
Kungaphethwa ngokuthi zonke izinkomba zihambisana nokuntuleka kwamandla. Ngemuva kokukhuphuka kwezinga likashukela, igazi liqala ukuqina. Futhi, ngeke ivame ukudlula emithanjeni yegazi emincane. Kungakho izicubu zazo zonke izitho zingekho amandla.
Ngokuzibheka ngokungazinaki, ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kohlelo lwezinzwa nobuchopho, ukulahleka okukhulu kwesisindo somzimba, ukukhubazeka kwenkumbulo kanye nokwehla kwenzalo ezweni elingaphandle kungenzeka.
Izici zokubonakaliswa kwezimpawu kushukela
Uma ungalokothi uqale ukwelashwa noma uvumele isifo sikhuze, ngohlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela esivela ku-ketoacidotic coma, kanye nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela - i-hyperosmolar coma.
Ukunyuka okusheshayo koshukela wegazi ngohlobo 1 sikashukela kubangela lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- inani likashukela lingakhuphukela ku-16 mmol / l;
- ukuba khona komchamo we-acetone ngephunga lawo elithile;
- ubuthakathaka nesimo sokulala;
- ukoma nokumbiwa komthamo omkhulu womchamo;
- Ubuhlungu besisu nokuphazamiseka komgudu wokugaya ukudla;
- ukuphefumula, ngisho nokuzivocavoca okuncane komzimba;
- isikhumba some kakhulu;
- ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukulahlekelwa ngumqondo, bese kuba yizingqondo.
Ngohlobo 2 sikashukela, i-hypersmolar coma ikhula kancane esikhathini esingamaviki ama-1-2. Izimpawu eziphambili lapho ushukela ungakhuphuka khona futhi namazinga kashukela abalulekile afinyelelwa yilezi:
- okuqukethwe ushukela kuphezulu kakhulu - kuze kufike ku-50-55 mmol / l;
- ukomisa, isiguli asikwazi ukuqeda ukoma, sivame ukuya endlini yangasese;
- ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla kubangela isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
- ubuthakathaka, ukungaphatheki kahle, ukozela;
- isikhumba esomile, amehlo atshonile;
- ezimweni ezinzima - ukuthuthukiswa kokuhluleka kwezinso, ukulahleka kwengqondo kanye nokuqala kokhokho.
Uma kwenzeka okubi kakhulu, okuwukuthi, ukukhululeka komzimba, isiguli sidinga ukulashwa ngokuphuthumayo futhi sivuseleleke.
Izenzo zokwehlisa amazinga kashukela
Ngemuva kokuthola inani le-glucose elingaphezu kobubanzi obujwayelekile, kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi kungani inkomba ingakhuphuka futhi ifinyelele ezingeni elibucayi loshukela wegazi.
Uma kungenazizathu ezisobala, futhi akukho lutho lokukhathazeka ngakho, udinga nje ukulandela izindlela zokuvimbela isifo sikashukela. Okokuqala, umsoco okhethekile usiza ukunciphisa ushukela.
Imithetho yayo eyinhloko yile:
- ukudla kufanele kube ngokulinganayo nama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi, amafutha kanye namaprotheni;
- kuyadingeka ukushiya ama-carbohydrate angagayeka kalula;
- ukudla okufanele kufanele kube izikhathi ezingama-5-6 ngosuku, kepha ngezingxenye ezincane;
- kudla imifino nezithelo ngaphezulu;
- ukugaya okujwayelekile, thatha imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha amancane;
- Zijwayele ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi;
- yeka imikhuba emibi - ukubhema notshwala;
- udle isinkwa esincane, amakhekhe namaswidi.
Indlela yokuphila esebenzayo izosiza ukugcina amazinga kashukela ejwayelekile. Noma ngabe asikho isikhathi samakilasi ejimini, udinga ukuhlela ukuhamba okungenani kwengxenye yehora ngosuku. Awukwazi ukuzithwalisa kanzima ngokusebenza ngokweqile, futhi inhlanganisela efanelekile yokuphumula nomsebenzi womzimba izosiza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela.
Abantu abakhuluphele nabakhuluphele ngokweqile kufanele bazame ukuqeda amaphawundi angeziwe, ngoba yiwo asengozini yesifo sikashukela.
Ishukela likashukela lehlisa
Isifo sikashukela yisifo esiqala kancane, kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni. Lesi sifo sibonakaliswa ikakhulukazi yiqiniso lokuthi ushukela wegazi uphakanyisiwe. Ngohlobo 1 sikashukela, ukwehla ushukela wegazi kutholakala kuphela ngokujova nge-insulin. Ngaphambi kokwenza le nqubo, kubalulekile ukukala okuqukethwe kwe-glucose usebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile - i-glucometer.
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 zivame ukuba ngaphezulu kweminyaka yobudala engama-40, ngakho-ke isizukulwane esidala sinconywa ukuba sihlole igazi njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ushukela. Izinyathelo ezinjalo ziyenziwa ukuze kutholakale lesi sifo ngesikhathi, ngoba ukuxilongwa ngokungafanele kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi. Iziguli ezaziyo ukuthi zinenkinga kufanele zikala ushukela wegazi wazo kathathu ngosuku - mhlawumbe ekuseni, ihora elilodwa ngemuva kokudla nakusihlwa.
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 azidingi i-insulin, kulokhu umzimba uyikhiqiza, kodwa ngamanani anganele. Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwalesi sifo kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa, ukondleka okufanele nemfundo yomzimba.
Ukuphimisa okungazelelwe kushukela wegazi kungakhombisa ukungondleki noma isifo sikashukela. Uma uthola ngesikhathi izizathu ezibangela le nto, futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele, ungagwema izinkinga ezinkulu. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izocacisa ngobungozi bamazinga kashukela aphezulu.
