Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, okuqukethwe kweglucose kuyabonakala egazini. Ngenkambo ende yesifo kanye nokunxeshezelwa okunganele, ushukela ulimaza izindonga zemithambo yegazi nemithambo yezinzwa.
Ingxaki yesifo sikashukela yi-neuropathy, enye yezindlela zayo kungukulimala emaphethelweni aphansi nokwakhiwa konyawo lwesifo sikashukela.
Izilonda ziyavela emilenzeni, ezikhubazekile, amalunga ayonakalisiwe. Ngokulashwa okungafanele, i-neuropathy ingaholela ekunqunyweni konyawo.
Izimbangela ze-neuropathy kushukela
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokukhula kwe-neuropathy (ukulimala kwemicu yezinzwa) kushukela sikhuphuka seglucose egazini. Uma ukwelashwa kukhethwe ngokungalungile, noma isiguli singakulandeli ukudla okuqokiwe, kweqa ukuthatha i-insulin noma amaphilisi, kungalawuli izinga leshukela, bese kuba nezinkinga.
Imvamisa, isifo sikashukela sithinta amasistimu wezinzwa nokujikeleza, njengokuthi sithinta kakhulu ukungondleki. Izinguquko ezihlala njalo emazingeni kashukela zibhubhisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi, okuholela ekunikezelweni kwegazi okunganele. Amathishu awondli. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinqubo ezilandelayo ziqala ezicutshini:
- Ukusabela okuvikelayo kokulimala esikhumbeni kubuthakathaka,
- Umbundu wobuhlungu uyancishiswa.
- Umuzwa wokushisa ulahlekile.
- Ukwephulwa kokwethembeka kwesikhumba kuyaqashelwa.
- Isikhumba sinamanzi, siqinile futhi siqine.
- Ukuqhekeka kufomu ezindaweni ezomile zesikhumba.
- Izilonda zesikhumba zipholisa kahle bese ziphenduka izilonda.
- Ngenxa yokuzwa kokuphazamiseka, iziguli aziboni ama-sprains kanye nama-dislocation emajoyintini.
- Amalunga wonyawo nomlenze ophansi awonakalisiwe.
Amathuba okukhula kwe-neuropathy anda kakhulu uma, ngaphezu kwesifo sikashukela, iziguli zinezifo zemithambo yegazi (i-varicose veins, angiitis, vasculitis, i-endarteritis eqeda ukuqina), isifo samathambo, izinyawo eziphansi.
Izimpawu zokuqala zonyawo lwesifo sikashukela
Izimpawu zokuqala zingangacaci futhi zingabangeli ukukhathazeka ezigulini. Kepha ngokunembile ngalezi zimpawu ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuqala ukwelashwa okukhethekile, ngoba lezi zimpawu ziphindeka.
Izinguquko ezinyaweni okufanele zixwayise:
- I-Ingrown toenails.
- Izifo zokukhuphuka kwezipikili nesikhumba sonyawo.
- Ukwakheka kwamabele kanye nama-callus.
- Umnyama wezipikili.
- Imifantu ezithendeni.
- I-Microtrauma ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngezinyawo.
- Ukuguqulwa kwamalunga ezinzwane
- Izipikili ze-Ingrown - amakona wezipikili, uma usikwe ngokungafanele, uthathe izicubu ze-periungual, lokhu kudala ukuvuvukala, izinhlungu nokuqina. Ukwelashwa, ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwemiphetho ye-ingrown kuyadingeka.
- Izilonda ze-fungal zezipikili zibonakaliswa ngokuqina, okubonakala kahle esithombeni. Isipikili singenza mnyama noma siphenduke siphuzi, silahlekelwe sobala futhi sidilike. Ipuleti lezipikili eligobekile linyinyiza umunwe olandelayo, ingcindezi yesicaka epikini ingaholela ekwakhekeni kokuqina ngaphansi kwembambo.
Esikhunjeni sezinyawo ngokukhula kwesikhunta, isikhumba soma ngokweqile, sicwenge, sibomvu futhi siqhekeke imifantu kuso. Ezimweni zokuhamba kwegazi okungahambi kahle, imifantu iphenduka izilonda zesifo sikashukela. Ukuhlolwa kwe-microbiological of the scraping kuyadingeka ekutholeni isifo. Ukwelashwa kunqunywe udokotela wesikhumba.
Amakhiwane nezimbila zakhiwa ezindaweni zokuxhumana okuphezulu konyawo ngezicathulo. Njengoba benesifo sikashukela, banokuthambekela kokukhipha igazi nokuncengeka njengasesithombeni esisehlokweni. Amakhiwane awakwazi ukusikwa, imilenze akufanele igcinwe emanzini ashisayo okubilayo, ukucubungula kuvunyelwe kuphela nge-pumice. Ukugqoka ama-insoles e-orthopedic kuyakhonjiswa.
Ukwenza mnyama kwezipikili kungabangelwa ukuqhuma kwemithambo yegazi lapho kufafazwa ngezicucu eziqinile. Uma i-hemorrhage ingaxazululi, ingahle iqhume. Lapho kudalwa ubomvu, kudingeka ukuhlinzwa.
Izicathulo ezinezithende ezivulekile zokulwa nesikhumba esomile noma ukuhamba ngezinyawo ezingenanto zibangela ukuqhekeka ezithendeni, ezingashiswa futhi ziphinde zibuye. Endaweni yemifantu yez izilonda ifomu. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela, udinga ukusebenzisa okhilimu nge-urea - Prednikarb, Balzamed, Diakrem. Izicathulo ziyadingeka ngomhlane ovaliwe. Ungayiphatha kanjani imifantu engapholi kahle, ingancoma i-podologist.
Lapho sicubungula izipikili, ukusikeka kungavela. Ezimweni zokubuzwa kobuhlungu obuncishisiwe, bahlala benganakekelwa, bese izilonda zesikhumba zingaba esikhundleni sesilonda esincane. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isilonda kufanele siphathwe nge-antiseptic bese kufakwa ingubo oyinyumba.
Izinzwani ziyakwazi ukugoba emalungeni okuqala lapho zigqoke izicathulo eziqinile; esithupheni, indawo engemuva ekwandeni okuhlanganisiwe kwe-metatarsal. Lezi zindawo zingaphansi kokuhlikihla kanye nokwakheka kwamabele kanye namashizi.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, kuyadingeka ukukhetha izicathulo zamathambo noma usebenzise ama-insoles wokuphakamisa i-arch yonyawo, amabhulukwe e-silicone ezicathulweni kanye nama-insoles akhethekile onyawo lwesifo sikashukela ukugwema ukulimala.
Izimpawu zonyawo lwesifo sikashukela
Ngokuqhubeka kokuphazamiseka emikhunjini, ukunamathiselwa kwezinguquko ze-atherosulinotic kuzo kanye nokuwohloka kokuqina kwezinto ezithinta izinzwa, izinhlobo ezintathu zezilonda zonyawo zikhula ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela: i-neuropathic, ischemic futhi ihlanganiswe (ixubekile).
Nge-neuropathic syndrome, umbono wezinhlungu ukhubazekile. Ukuthinta isikhumba kungaba buhlungu kakhulu futhi ngasikhathi sinye, ukuzindla kuzwakale ezinyaweni. Kungahle kube khona nobuhlungu obukhali obuvuthayo, obuhlwabusayo.
Imisipha yokuphela kwezinzwa ezicutshini zamathanga, umlenze ophansi nezinyawo kuholela ebuthakathakeni babo, isikhundla somlenze siyashintsha lapho uhamba nezikhala kanye nokuthambeka emalungeni kwenzeka, futhi ukuvuvukala kungaqala ezindaweni zokuxhumana nezicathulo.
Esikhunjeni semilenza, ukujuluka nokushintshwa kwe-sebum secretion Ukoma okwandisiwe kuholela ekuqineni nasekuqhekekeni esikhunjeni. Ukwengezwa kokutheleleka ngefungal noma ngebhakithin kuqinisa izinqubo zokuvuvukala.
Ngaphandle, unyawo, njengoba lubukeka esithombeni, lupinki, isilonda senziwa endaweni ethile emathanjeni athambelanayo - indawo yomthwalo omkhulu kunayo yonke. Isilonda simanzi ngemiphetho eminyene. Lapho kunqunywa i-pulse, ithambisa kalula, umlenze ufudumele.
I-Ischemic syndrome yenzeka ngomonakalo wemithambo emikhulu nemikhumbi emincane, kuyo, ngezinga likashukela, izinqubo ezilandelayo ziqala:
- Isimo samafutha ne-calcium ezindongeni.
- Ukwakheka kwamapulangwe ku-lumen womkhumbi.
- Udonga lwe-vascular iba lukhuni, luqinile.
- Igazi elandayo lingena emithanjeni.
- Ezimweni zokuqunjelwa kwe-venous kanye nokwehla kokugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni, ama-edema nama-hemorrhages esikhunjeni ayenziwa.
- Isikhumba siba mncane, sibe yizilonda ifomu.
Iziguli ezine-ischemic neuropathy zikhathazeka ngobuhlungu ngenkathi zihamba. Kukhona ukuvumelanisa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba, izinhlungu zenzeka, isiguli siphoqelelwa ukuba siyeke kaningi ukuze izinhlungu zinciphe.
Nge-neuropathic syndrome exubekile, izinguquko emalungeni nasemisipha yemilenze kuholela ekunciphiseni kwama-tendon, imilenze ayiqondile lapho ihamba iye emaphethelweni. Amaprotheni ama-glycated afakwa emaphethelweni e-articular. Amalunga aqala ukuqina, ukuvuvukala, ukusatshalaliswa. Kwakhiwa unyawo lweCharcot ejwayelekile, njengasesithombeni.
Unyawo luyabanda, ngokuheleza okubuthakathaka, izinwele ziwela emlenzeni ongezansi, isikhumba sibomvu ngokubomvu, izilonda zitholakala esithendeni, emaqakaleni (ezindaweni zokugeleza kwegazi okubuthakathaka kakhulu). Isilonda somile, sibuhlungu.
Ekuthuthukisweni konyawo lwesifo sikashukela, kuhlukaniswa izigaba eziningana zokuqhubekela phambili:
Isigaba se-Zero: isikhumba asiphukile, unyawo lubolile, ukuzwela kuncishisiwe.
Isigaba sokuqala: isikhumba sinezilonda esiphezulu, azikho izimpawu zokutheleleka.
Isigaba sesibili: isilonda sithinta izicubu ezithambile.
Isigaba sesithathu: isilonda sithelelekile, isikhumba sibomvu, sivuvukele, sishisa ngokuthinta.
Isigaba sesine: i-gangrene, ukuntuleka kokugeleza kwegazi, ukutheleleka esilondeni.
Ukwelashwa nokuvimbela
Ukuze ulaphe ngempumelelo unyawo lwesifo sikashukela, udinga ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi lakho. Ngoba isici esibaluleke kakhulu sezokwelapha isinxephezelo sikashukela: ushukela wegazi, umfutho wegazi nezinkomba ze-fat metabolism.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuya izinkomba, i-antibiotic therapy, painkiller, namavithamini ingabekwa. Basebenzisa izidakamizwa ukwenza ngcono ukuhamba kwegazi: IPentoxifylline, Cardiomagnyl, Normoven.
Ukwenza ngcono izinqubo ze-metabolic, kunconywa ukusetshenziswa kwealpha-lipoic acid ukulungiselela uhlobo 2 sikashukela (i-Berlition, Thiogamma). Ngefomu le-ischemic le-neuropathy, iMidokalm inomphumela omuhle.
Ukwelapha usebenzisa amasu amasha asetshenziswa kakhulu emitholampilo yangaphandle. Imiphumela emihle itholakala ngokusetshenziswa kwe:
- Ukwelashwa kwe-hormone yokukhula.
- Ukwelashwa kweselula.
- Indlela ye-Plasma jet.
- I-extracorporeal shock wave therapy.
Izindlela zokuvimbela zingamisa inqubo yokubhujiswa kwezicubu emaphethelweni aphansi esigabeni sokuqala. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvikela imiphumela emibi njenge-gangrene yesifo sikashukela nokugawulwa:
- Ukuqapha ushukela, i-glycated hemoglobin, ne-cholesterol esegazini.
- Ukugcina amazinga omfutho wegazi engekho ngaphezulu kwe-135/85 mm RT. Ubuciko.
- Ukuqashelwa njalo yi-endocrinologist, ukubonisana nodokotela oyi-neurologist kanye ne-podologist.
- Ukuyeka ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala.
- Ukugqoka izicathulo ezikhululekile ezenziwe ngezinto zemvelo.
- Ukwenqatshwa kwamasokisi okwenziwa.
- Ukuhamba nsuku zonke nokuzivocavoca umzimba wezinyawo.
- Ukubonisana nodokotela wezikhumba ngezifo ezingelapheki ezisolisayo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke ukuze ungaphuthelwa ukuqala kokukhula kwezilonda.
- Ukuhlanzeka kwezinyawo usebenzisa amanzi afudumele kanye nesepha lezingane.
- Ukomisa isikhumba ngemuva kokugeza.
- I-pedicure yokuqapha.
- Ukwenqaba ukuhamba ngezinyawo ezingenazo izicathulo, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kwasekhaya.
- Awukwazi ukusebenzisa izifudumeza zonyawo, geza okugeza okushisayo.
- Awukwazi ukusika okusanhlamvu futhi usebenzise isichibi sombila.
- Izicathulo akufanele zigqoke ezinyaweni ezingenalutho noma ngaphandle kwama-insoles.
- Ukuqala kokukhula kwesilonda onyaweni akuhlongozwanga ukuphathwa ngokuzimela.
Ukwelashwa kwezilonda zesikhumba ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kunconywa yi-hydrogen peroxide, isixazululo se-furacilin, i-Chlorhexidine, iMiramistin, i-Decamethoxin. Ngemuva kokwelashwa, kufanele kufakwe i-gauze oyinyumba. Kwenqatshelwe ukusebenzisa iodine, okuluhlaza okugqamile, i-potanganum permanganate, amafutha okugcoba.
Ukwelapha amanxeba, ungasebenzisa ama-Actovegin noma ama-Solcoseryl gels. Ukwehlisa isikhumba esomile, kusetshenziswa ukhilimu wezingane, uwoyela wamafutha kanye ne-sea sihlahla sivame ukutholakala. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko iveza izimbangela zonyawo lwesifo sikashukela.
