Izizathu zokuvela kwemizimba ye-ketone emchameni womuntu, njengomthetho, ziphakama ngemuva kwesizinda sokulamba noma isifo sikashukela. Uma kunokushoda kwezakhi zomzimba ze-phosphorus ebuchosheni noma enhliziyweni yomuntu, umzimba uqala ukukhiqiza imizimba ye-ketone. Bangumhlinzeki wamandla omuhle kakhulu, ongcono kunamafutha acid.
Ama-ketones kumchamo angumphumela walokho kwakheka esibindini. Njengomthetho, avela ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyisithupha zokuzila. Ebantwini, baphikelela izinkathi ezahlukahlukene zesikhathi.
Uma kunesifo sikashukela, khona-ke ama-ketones kumchamo avela ngezikhathi. Kusho ukuthi isifo sikashukela sinezimpawu zokulimala kwamandla emzimbeni, kuthukuthelisa umzimba ukuthi ukhiqize imizimba ye-ketone njenge- "petrol" egciniwe, futhi isimo sabo siyedluliswa. Izidumbu aziwona uphawu lwesifo noma imbangela yaso.
Ukuhlushwa kwe-ketone ketone
Imizimba yeKetone yizingxenye eziphakathi ezakheka esibindini. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- i-acetone
- i-acetoacetic acid
- i-beta hydroxybutyric acid.
Izidumbu zeKetone zakhiwa ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwamandla ngesikhathi sokuqhekeka kwamafutha. Kaningi, emzimbeni womuntu okhulile noma wengane, le mizimba iba nezinguquko. Kodwa uma i-metabolism yamafutha idlulwa kakhulu, khona-ke imizimba yadalwa ngokushesha kunokuba ibhujiswe, okuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ukukhula kwabo okujwayelekile kuyanda.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ukugcwala kwemizimba esegazini kukhuphuka kakhulu futhi kungena umchamo, okuholela ketonuria.
Ngaphansi kwethonya kwalezi zimo, amaseli womzimba womuntu ahlupheka ngokuntuleka komthombo wamandla oyinhloko. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunokuntuleka kweglucose, okuqongelela esibindini njenge-glycogen.
Ngemuva kokuthi umzimba usuqede yonke i-glycogen, iqala ukuthatha amandla emafutheni. Amafutha aqhekeka phansi, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukugcwala kwezidumbu ze-ketone emchameni kuyanda.
Enganeni, izidumbu zingabonakala ezimweni eziningi ezihambisana nokuchitheka kwamandla. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka lapho:
- usizi olukhulu ngokomzwelo
- ukuzikhandla ngokweqile komzimba
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umzimba wengane awunazo izitolo ezibalulekile ze-glycogen. Futhi lokho okuchithwa ngesivinini esikhulu.
Njengomphumela walezi zinqubo, umzimba wengane udla amafutha futhi izidumbu ze-ketone ziyavela umchamo.
Odokotela bangakhuluma mayelana nokuntuleka kokudla okungenamsoco noma ukusilela uma kutholakala inani elikhulu lezidumbu ze-ketone enganeni esanda kuzalwa.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, imizimba ye-ketone ingenxa ye-toxicosis yokuqala. Ziwuphawu olwesabekayo, ngoba umzimba unobuthi nge-acetone, ezokwenza kube nzima ukuzala kwengane.
Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi i-ketoacidosis yisimo esiyingozi kunazo zonke, esidonswa yisibalo esingeqile senani lemizimba ye-ketone yomchamo.
I-ketoacidosis ivame ukutholakala kubantu abanesifo sikashukela abanokuntuleka kwe-insulin, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuthi wehlise izinga le-insulin egazini, kufanele futhi ucabangele nodaba lwe-ketoacidosis. Imiphumela ingaba:
- I-Cardiac arrhythmia;
- Usizi lokuphefumula;
- Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- I-Cerebral edema;
- Ukuboshwa okuphefumulayo;
- Umphumela obulalayo.
Uma kutholakala izidumbu ze-ketone kumuntu onesifo sikashukela, isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuxhumana nodokotela ukuze azisuse.
Imizimba ye-urone ketone ebuntwaneni
Imvamisa, i-ketonuria enganeni ingumphumela wokulimala kwamafutha emzimbeni noma ukubonakaliswa kokufakwa okungafanele kwama-carbohydrate, emva kwalokho inqubo yepetone iphuliwe. Ngokuqunjelwa ngokweqile kwama-ketones ngomchamo, ukubonakaliswa okulandelayo kungenzeka:
- ubuhlungu besisu sohlobo lwe-spastic;
- ikhanda
- ukweyisa okujwayelekile nokukhathala;
- ukugabha kanye nenausea;
- i-hyperthermia kuze kufike ku-39 ° C;
- ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla;
- ukozela
- iphunga le-acetone elisuka emgodini womlomo;
- isibindi esikhulisiwe.
Lesi simo ezinganeni zivame ukuba nezizathu ezilandelayo:
- Ukusebenza ngokweqile
- Uhambo olude
- Imizwelo enamandla
- Ingcindezi yesikhathi eside.
Ama-ketones akhula ebuntwaneni ngemuva kokungondleki noma umkhuhlane. Isimo esinjenge-ketonuria siqoshwa ezinsaneni, ngenxa yokungondleki.
Izimbangela ze-acetonemic syndrome zingenzeka nge:
- izifo zamathumbu
- isimila sobuchopho
- isifo sikashukela
- izilonda zesibindi
- i-thyrotooticosis
I-syndrome ivame ukuhambisana nokuhlanza okungalawulwa, okuholela ekuphuthweni komzimba, ngakho-ke ukulungiswa kwesikhashana kuyadingeka.
Ukutholwa kwezidumbu ze-ketone emchameni
Ukutholwa kwezidumbu ze-ketone emchameni kwenzeka kuphela ngosizo lwe-urinalysis ekhethekile, eveza lokho okujwayelekile emizimbeni. I-Ketonuria itholwa elabhorethri ngezindlela eziningana:
- ukwephulwa kweLange;
- ukwephulwa komthetho;
- izivivinyo zokubonisa;
- ukuwohloka kweLestrade;
- ama-breaker aguquliwe iRothera.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Express kuleli cala kusho ukusetshenziswa kwemichilo yokuhlola noma amaphilisi wokuhlola akhethekile.
Ukunquma izidumbu ze-ketone emchini, umucu wokuhlola kufanele ucwiliswe emchameni, obonisa uketshezi lokuhlola. Ngokuphendula okuhle, umucu uzovele uphenduke onsomi.
Ukwanda kombala we-violet ngokuqondile kuncike kwinani lemizimba ye-ketone, futhi uma okwejwayelekile kudluliwe, ukuhlolwa kuzokukhombisa. Leli nani linqunywa kusetshenziswa isikali sombala esejwayelekile.
Kusetshenziswa ithonsi lomchamo kwithebhulethi yokuhlola, emva kwalokho, kuye ngokuthi kukhona izidumbu ze-ketone, ithebhulethi lishintsha umbala ne-ketonuria.
Ukwelashwa kwe-urone ketone
I-Ketonuria ingumthamo owedlulele wemizimba ye-ketone lapho empeleni iphakanyisiwe emchameni. Kumele ilashwe kanye nezimbangela ezacasulayo lesi simo.
Ukwephulwa komsebenzi wokuchama kudinga ukwelashwa ngaphansi kokuqashwa njalo kukadokotela. Okokuqala, udinga ukuhlolwa okugcwele, kulapho kuphela lapho kungasungulwa khona i-ketonuria.
Impumelelo yokwelashwa iqonde ngqo ekuxilongeni nasekutholeni imbangela ethile ebangele ukweqisa kwemizimba ye-ketone emchameni.
