IHepatomegaly ukwanda kosayizi wesibindi. Lesi simo akusona isifo esizimele, kepha sivela njengophawu lwazo zonke izifo zesibindi. Kwesinye isikhathi lesi sitho singakhula size sibe sikhulu kangangokuba size sibonakale ebusweni besisu.
Izimbangela ze-hepatomegaly, yini
Uma kwenzeka kuphazamiseka i-metabolic, isibindi siqala ukuqongelela ama-carbohydrate, amafutha neminye imikhiqizo ye-metabolic, ebangela ukwanda kwayo. Phakathi kwezifo zokuqongelela, i-hemochromatosis, i-amyloidosis, i-hepatosis enamafutha, kanye nokuwohloka kwe-hepatolenticular kungabizwa. Izimbangela zokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic zihambisana nendlela yomuntu yokuphila, kepha ezinye zalezi zindlela zokuzalwa zivela elifeni.
Zonke izifo zesibindi ziholela ekulimaleni kwamaseli ayo. Kulokhu, kungaba inqubo yokuvuselela kabusha, noma ukuvela kwezicubu kwenzeka. Nge-edema, kuyadingeka ukususa ukuvuvukala ukuze ubuyisele isitho esimweni esijwayelekile.
Inqubo yokuvuselelwa kwezingane inzima kakhulu ukuyilungisa, ngoba izicubu ezindala zichithwa kancanyana kunokuba kwakhiwa izicubu ezintsha.
Ngenxa yalokhu, amanye amangqamuzana afile esikhundleni sawo, bese isibindi ngasikhathi sinye sikhula ngokushesha bese siba nomgqumo.
Izimbangela ze-hepatomegaly:
- i-hepatitis ehlukahlukene
- isifo sokuqina kwesibindi
- isimila
- i-echinococcosis,
- izifo ezingalapheki
- ukudakwa (utshwala noma umuthi).
Futhi, ukwehluleka kokujikeleza kwegazi kuholela ku-hepatomegaly, njengoba kulokhu izicubu zithola indlala ye-oksijini kanye ne-edema yezitho zomzimba, kufaka phakathi isibindi. Kulokhu, ama-hepatocytes ayabhujiswa, futhi endaweni yawo kuvela izicubu ezixhunyiwe.
Izimpawu ze-hepatomegaly
Lapho isibindi sifinyelela ubukhulu obukhulu kakhulu, i-hepatomegaly ingabonakala ngohlaka lwesisu ngamehlo anqunu. Uma inqubo ingezwakalanga kakhulu, khona-ke udokotela kuphela onganquma izinguquko ngosayizi nge-palpation nangokushaya.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hepatomegaly ingabonakala ngezimpawu zomuntu, eba namandla ngokwengeziwe lapho i-pathology iqhubeka.
Ubudlelwano be-hepatomegaly kanye ne-metabolism
Ezinye izifo zidala ukwephulwa kwezinqubo ezijwayelekile ze-metabolic emzimbeni, okuthi ngenxa yalokho kuholele ekwandeni kwesibindi. Izibonelo zezifo ezinjalo:
- i-glycogenosis yisifo esizalwa naso lapho i-glycogen synthesis iphazamiseka khona;
- i-hemachromatosis yisimo lapho i-iron eningi igxiliswa khona emathunjini nokwenqwabelana kwayo okulandelayo kwezinye izitho zomzimba, kufaka phakathi isibindi. Ngenxa yalokhu, usayizi wayo uyanda;
- okunamafutha kwesibindi - ukunqwabelana kwenani elikhulu lamafutha emzimbeni.
I-Hepatomegaly nezifo zohlelo lwethambo nenhliziyo
Ezinye izifo zenhliziyo kanye nokwehluleka kokujikeleza kungaholela ekwandeni kosayizi wesibindi.
Onke ama-pathologies angenhla angaholela ekutheni isibindi singakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yaso ngokujwayelekile futhi siqala ukwanda ngosayizi ukuze sinxephezele lokhu.
Izimpawu ze-hepatomegaly
Kwesinye isikhathi iziguli ngokwazo zikhononda ngokuthi kukhona okubakhathazayo ohlangothini lwabo lwesokunene, kuba nomuzwa wesigaxa esithile esiminyene, esiphawuleka kakhulu lapho isikhundla somzimba sishintshwa.
Cishe empeleni, i-hepatomegaly iholela ekuphazamisekeni kwe-dyspeptic - isicanucanu, ukushisa kwenhliziyo, ukuphefumula okubi, ukuphazamiseka kwesitulo.
Esiqwini sesisu, uketshezi luqala ukuqongelela, luwele lapho ngokusebenzisa izindonga zemikhumbi - lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ama-ascites.
Imvamisa kuvela izimpawu ezithile ezikhethekile - isikhumba ne-sclera kuphenduka ophuzi, ukulunywa kwezimpawu zolusu kanye nesikhumba kuqhamuke, kuqhamuke ukuqhuma kwesikhumba (“asterisks sesibindi”).
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa
Udokotela kufanele aqaphele isibindi esikhulisiwe, njengesibonakaliso. I-Palpation izomvumela ukuthi aqonde ukuthi sikhulu kangakanani isitho nokuthi imingcele ikuphi, buyini ubungako bawo, ingabe ikhona imizwa yobuhlungu. Isiguli kufanele sitshele udokotela ukuthi yiziphi izifo abekade enazo ngaphambili, uma enemikhuba emibi, ephila ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo futhi esebenza.
Ukuhlaziywa kweLabhoratri nokwenziwayo kuyadingeka - ukuhlolwa kwegazi okune-biochemical, i-ultrasound, i-computer tomography, kwesinye isikhathi i-MRI.
Indlela yocwaningo efundisayo kakhulu i-laparoscopy enesampula ye-biopsy. Usebenzisa le ndlela, imbangela ye-hepatomegaly, njengomthetho, ingatholakala.
Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kunqunywa yisifo esingaphansi, ngenxa yokuthi ukukhula kwesibindi kwaqala. Uma kungenzeka ukuqeda imbangela, bakwenze, kodwa uma lokhu kungenziwa, khona-ke ukwelashwa okubonakalayo kunqunyelwe. Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kwenziwa ukuze kuqedwe imbangela ye-hepatomegaly kanye nokucindezela izinqubo ze-pathological.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukulandela ukudla okuyisipesheli kanye nokunciphisa umkhawulo womzimba. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kuthululwe isibindi, kulungiswe ukusebenza kwawo futhi kungasibi isimo esikhona.
Iziguli nakanjani zidinga ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izingqinamba (ukopha, ukwehluleka kwesibindi, ukubola komsebenzi wesibindi) ezingaba yikhona nokuthi ziveza kanjani ukuze zibonane nodokotela ngesikhathi sokuthola usizo. Iziguli ezinjalo zinqunywe i-hepatoprotectors, izidakamizwa ze-diuretic, amavithamini nezidakamizwa ukuze kulondolozwe ibhalansi ye-osmotic. Kwesinye isikhathi kwenziwa ukufakelwa kwesibindi.
I-prognosis ye-hepatomegaly imvamisa imbi, ngoba lesi simo sibonisa ukuthi lesi sifo esiyisisekelo sesivele sadlula futhi izinguquko ezingenakuphikwa seziqale emzimbeni, njengezimpawu zomdlavuza we-pancreatic.
