Izifundo zezingxenye zomchamo owodwa azikwazi ukunikeza imininingwane ephelele ngesimo sezinso. Ukuhlola umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko - ukuqoqwa komchamo, uprofesa odumile uS.S. UZimnitsky uphakamise ukusebenzisa ukuhlaziywa komchamo oqoqwe kancane kancane phakathi nosuku. Naphezu kweminyaka eyi-100 yobudala, lolu cwaningo lusaqhubeka ukusetshenziswa kabanzi namuhla. Ngayo, ungabheka ukuthi i-hypertension, isifo sikashukela, ukuvuvukala okungapheli nezinye izifo kuthinta kanjani izinso. Ukuhlaziywa, kudinga ubuncane bamadivayisi: isilinda wokulinganisa ne-urometer.
Okuqukethwe kolwazi lwesampula kuncike kakhulu esigulini. Umphumela onokwethenjelwa, ukulungiselela okukhethekile, ukuqoqwa komchamo ofanele, nokuhlolwa okunembile koketshezi olusetshenziswayo kuyadingeka.
Uyini umqondo wamasampula omchamo e-Zimnitsky
Ngosizo lomchamo, izinso zigcina ibhalansi elingashintshi uketshezi nokwakheka kwegazi, kunciphise umzimba wemikhiqizo yalo yokungcola. Njengomphumela wokuphanjululwa kwegazi okuphindaphindiweyo, cishe amalitha ayi-1.5 omchamo ayakhiwa futhi akhishwe ngosuku.
Isifo sikashukela nokucindezela kuzoba yinto yesikhathi esedlule
- Ukwehlela ushukela -95%
- Ukuqedwa kwe-vein thrombosis - 70%
- Ukuqedwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuqinile -90%
- Ukuqeda umfutho wegazi ophakeme - 92%
- Ukwanda kwamandla ngesikhathi sosuku, ngcono ukulala ebusuku -97%
Izinso ezinempilo zandisa usizi lomchamo uma kungekho manzi anele, noma inani eleqile lezinto ezithile, njengeglucose kushukela, kufanele likhishwe egazini. Uma kuphuzwa uketshezi oluningi, umthamo womchamo uyakhuphuka, nobuningi bawo buyehla. Ekuseni ngemuva kokuvuka, ukugxila kuphezulu, ngoba akukho ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, kanti nokuchama akuvamile.
Uma i-nephrons yezinso ilimele noma ukugeleza kwegazi kuphazamiseka, lokhu kungasebenzi kahle komzimba, ukuphuma komzimba noma ukuvuvukala kwenzeka, nokwakheka kwengxenye yegazi kuyashintsha. I-extretion yomchamo eyeqile, i-polyuria, ikhombisa ubukhona besifo sikashukela noma i-insipidus yesifo sikashukela, ukwakheka kokwehluleka kwezinso. I-Diuresis engezansi evamile ingakhombisa ukusebenza kwe-myocardial engasebenzi kahle noma ukwehluleka okukhulu kwezinso kuzo zombili izinso.
Ngokusho kukaZimnitsky, ukusebenza kwezinso kuhlolwa ngosuku. Ingxenye yomchamo eyenziwe ngamahora ama-3 iqoqwa esitsheni esihlukile. Ukuqoqwa kwezinto zokuhlaziywa kuqala ngo-9 ekuseni. Isikhathi sokugcina isitsha sigcwaliswa ngehora lesithupha ngosuku olulandelayo. Okungenani iziqukathi eziyi-8 ziqoqwa ngosuku, kuthi ngemuva kwalokho zidluliselwe kwelabhorethri ukuze kwenziwe ucwaningo.
Naka enye indlela: >> Ukuhlaziywa komchamo ngokusho kweNechiporenko
Ungawuqoqa kanjani umchamo
Ukulungiselela ukuhlaziya umchamo kuqala ngosuku ngaphambi kokuqala kokuqoqwa kwalo. Kuyadingeka:
- Khansela i-diuretics, kufaka phakathi i-infusions yamakhambi onomphumela we-diuretic. Uma izidakamizwa zibekelwe ukulungiswa kwe-hypertension, ukuhoxa kwabo kufanele kuvunyelwane nodokotela.
- Gcina ukudla okujwayelekile ngokudla okujwayelekile. Kungcono ukubala umthamo wamanzi nezitsha ezuketshezi ezidliwayo ngosuku ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa, kufanele kube ngamalitha ayi-1.5-2. Uma isifo sikashukela somile futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kukhuphuka, uchwepheshe welebhu kufanele aziswe.
- Khawulela usawoti omningi, ukudla okunosawoti kanye namafutha.
- Khipha utshwala nokudla okungadonsa umchamo: amabhungane, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, isipinashi, isigaxa, izaqathe, iziphuzo nokudla okunamadayi amaningi.
- Thenga iziqukathi eziyi-10 zevolumu ephezulu (250 ml) ekhemisi. Uma i-urinalysis izokwenziwa ngelabhoratri yezentengiselwano, udinga ukuthola ukuthi zikuthatha ngaluphi uhlobo lolu lwazi. Kungadingeka uye ehhovisi labo futhi uthathe izitsha ezikhethekile lapho.
- Lungiselela inkomishi yokulinganisa noma noma yisiphi isitsha esinezilinganiso eziphrintiwe sokulinganisa umthamo wamanzi asetshenzisiwe newashi le-alamu ukukuxwayisa lapho kuzodingeka ukugcwalisa isitsha esilandelayo.
- Faka amalebula ezimbizeni akhombisa: igama lakho lokugcina, inombolo yesitsha ngokuhleleka, isikhathi sokuqoqa. I-Jar No. 1 igcwaliswa kusuka ngo-9:00 kuye ku-12:00, ngayinye elandelayo - kungakapheli amahora amathathu, ngokwesibonelo, Cha. 2 - kusuka ngo-12:00 kuye ku-15:00, Cha 3 - kusuka ngo-15h00 kuye ku-18: 00 njalonjalo. Ukuqoqwa komchamo akuyeki ebusuku. Isitsha sokugcina, uNo. 8 sigcwaliswa kusuka ngo-6: 00 kuye ku-9:00 ngosuku olulandelayo. Izitsha ezi-2 ezisele zigcwele; ziyasetshenziswa uma umthamo womchamo mkhulu kakhulu.
Ngaphambi kokuchama ngakunye, kungakuhle ukuthi uhlanze i-perineum ngamanzi angenawo insipho. Ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, kunconywa ngokusho kweZimnitsky. Uma ungeke uhlehlise ukulethwa komchamo, udinga ukuthatha inhlanzeko yobuchopho ngokungathi sina. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-tampon we-gynecological futhi uwaguqule njalo emahoreni ama-3.
Inqubo yokuqoqa izinto zokuhlaziya umchamo ngokusho kweZimnitsky:
- Ngo-6 ekuseni ngosuku lokuqoqwa komchamo ukuze kuhlaziywe, kuthulule isisefo endlini yangasese.
- Ukusuka kuleli phuzu kuya phambili, udinga ukuqopha, bese ufingqa umthamo wawo wonke uketshezi olungene emzimbeni. Akufaki kuphela amanzi neziphuzo, kodwa nezithelo ezinoshukela, amasobho, okusanhlamvu okulamanzi.
- Uma ufuna ukuchama ,qoqa wonke umchamo esitsheni No 1. Ngo-9: 00, sikhipha ngokuphelele isigaxa esitsheni sokuqala, sivale bese siyifaka esiqandisini. Ukusuka kulo mzuzu kuze kube yihora leshumi nambili ngokujwayelekile sigcwalisa isitsha uNo.
- Umchamo uqoqwa ngosuku ngokuphelele, hhayi ingxenye eyodwa kufanele iwele endlini yangasese. Uma ivolumu likhulu kakhulu, futhi umthamo owodwa ubenganele isikhathi samahora amathathu, sithatha imbiza yokuphumula bese sikhombisa isikhathi esikuyo lapho beqala ukugcwalisa.
- Uma umchamo ungadedelwa emahoreni ama-3, sihambisa isitsha esilabhorethri singenalutho.
- Ngemuva kosuku lokuqoqa, ngo-9 ekuseni sigcwalisa imbiza yokugcina bese sifingqa lonke uketshezi oludliwe ngalesi sikhathi.
Ungakuthatha kanjani ukuhlaziya iZimnitsky
Lapho nje ingxenye yokugcina iqoqiwe, kufanele kuthathwe i-urinalysis elabhorethri. Imvamisa, abasebenzi bayo bacacisa imininingwane ngoketshezi olusetshenzisiwe futhi bathathe lonke inani lomchamo othole.
Kwamanye ama-laboratories, i-oda lokulethwa lihlukile kancane:
- umchamo uqoqwe embizeni yengilazi ehlanzekile enomthamo cishe 1 litre;
- ukukala nokurekhoda ivolumu yayo njalo emahoreni ama-3;
- ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, umchamo uxubeke kahle futhi cishe ama-50 ml athululelwa esitsheni, lonke ivolumu lilahlwa ethoyilethi;
- ngemuva kwesikhathi ngasinye, geza imbiza ukuqoqa;
- Kudluliswa iziqukathi ezincane eziyi-8 kanye nopuleti onamanzi okuphuza nomchamo ukuze kuhlaziywe eZimnitsky.
Abasebenzi belebhu bathola umthamo namandla adonsela phansi (noma kuphela amandla athile adonsela phansi) engxenye ngayinye ngokwehlukana. Imiphumela yokuhlaziywa ingatholwa ngosuku lwebhizinisi elilandelayo. Imvamisa ayinazo i-decryption, ngoba udokotela kuphela owazi umlando wesiguli ongahumusha ngokunembile imininingwane etholakele.
Izimiso
I-Urinalysis ngokusho kweZimnitsky ihlinzeka udokotela ngemininingwane yevolumu kanye nobuningi bomchamo ngokusatshalaliswa kwawo kuye ngesikhathi sosuku, kanye nemininingwane ekuxhumaneni kwenani lamanzi aphuzile nawakhutshiwe. Ukuhlola lezi zinkomba, ziqhathaniswa nokujwayelekile. Ukuphambuka kusuka kokujwayelekile kudinga ukuhlaziywa okwengeziwe nokucwaninga ukuthola imbangela yalokhu kungafani.
| Isikhombi | Incazelo | Norm |
| Umchamo ophelele | Kulinganiselwa%% womchamo kusuka kumthamo wetshezi oludakayo. Umchamo kufanele ube ngaphansi kancanyana, njengoba ingxenye yomswakama ithunyelwa ngomjuluko nokuphefumula. | 65-80% (umkhawulo omncane uphakathi nenkathi eshisayo) |
| Isilinganiso sokuphakanyiswa kwezinsuku nobusuku | I-dianais yasemini - ingxenye eqoqwe kusukela ngo-9:00 kuye ku-21:00, ubusuku - kusihlwa sosuku. | 3:1 |
| Amandla adonsela phansi | Ibonisa ukugcwala kwezinto zonke ezincibilikisiwe kumchamo. | 1,003 - 1,035 ekunikezelweni konke |
| Ukushintshashintsha kwevolumu | Umehluko kumamililitha phakathi kwenani lomchamo ezingxenyeni ezincane nezinkulu. | 40-300 |
| Ukushintshashintsha kwesisindo | Umehluko phakathi kwesibalo somchamo esiphakeme kakhulu nesiphansi ngosuku. | 0,012-0,017 |
Ukubhalwa kwe-urinalysis ngokuya ngeZimnitsky etafuleni
Uma okungenani esisodwa sezinkomba zokuhlaziywa ngokuya nge-Zimnitsky singaphezu kwesilinganiso, izifo ze-endocrine kanye namasistimu wokugaya ukudla, i-pathology ezinso noma ezinhlwini zethambo zenhliziyo kungenzeka.
Ukuchazwa kokuphambuka okungenzeka:
| Isikhombi | I-Pathology | Isimo sePathology | Isizathu sokwenqatshwa |
| Umchamo ophelele | I-Polyuria | IVolumu> 1,8 L noma> I-80% yokuphuza okungamanzi. | Ngokuvamile, isifo sikashukela. Ngokuvamile, ezinye izifo ze-endocrine nezinso. |
| Oliguria | Umchamo obukhulu obukhulu, ivolumu elingaphansi kokujwayelekile. | I-hemolysis ebomvu yeseli legazi ngenxa yemiphumela enobuthi yokudla ubuthi, imisebe, imikhiqizo yokungcola kwamagciwane. Umfutho wegazi ophansi, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ukulimala kwezinso okunzima. | |
| Ubusuku nemini diuresis | I-Nocturia | Ebusuku, ngaphezu kwe-30% yawo wonke umchamo uyakhululwa. | Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus, i-neurological pathology, i-adenoma yesifo sofuba, ukutheleleka. |
| Amandla adonsela phansi | Hypostenuria | Zonke izinkonzo zinokuqina ngaphansi kwe-1018. | Ukubuyiselwa okwanele ezinganeni. Kubonwa ngokuvuvukala kwezinso, isifo sikashukela, ukwehluleka okukhulu kwenhliziyo. Futhi, imbangela ingaba yi-nephropathy noma ezinye izifo zezinso ezingapheli (nephritis, pyelonephritis), okuholela ekwehlulekeni kwe-renal. |
| I-Hyperstenuria | Ubukhulu buphakeme kunokwejwayelekile okungenani kumasampula owodwa. | Ibonisa ukuphelelwa ngamandla noma ukuba khona komchamo we-glucose (isifo sikashukela), amaprotheni (izifo zohlelo lobuchwephesha), indle (ukutheleleka kanye neoplasm, umfutho wegazi ophakeme). | |
| Ukushintshashintsha kwesisindo | Isostenuria | Umehluko ekujuleni kwamasampula ungaphansi kokujwayelekile, isilinganiso sobukhulu simalunga ne-1010. | Ukulimala kwe-calcium ne-phosphorus metabolism, i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, imiphumela enobuthi ezinso, i-nephrossteosis, ushintsho lwe-cystic ezinso. |
Izici Zokukhulelwa
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umthwalo ezinsweni ukhuphuka kakhulu. Kufanele zithole imikhiqizo engadingekile ye-metabolic hhayi abesifazane kuphela, kodwa nengane ekhulayo.
Esikhathini sokuqala, i-toxicosis inomphumela emiphumeleni yokuhlaziywa kweZimnitsky. Uma kuhambisana nokuhlanzwa kwe-profuse, ukuxineka komchamo kuyanda, i-hyperstenuria iyabonakala.
Isibeletho esinyuka njalo ngevolumu singabeka ingcindezi esinyeni kanye nase-ureters. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithoni yesibambo incishiswa kancane ngenxa yezinga elikhulayo le-progesterone. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwakheka umchamo omisiwe, okungaholela ekugcineni ku-cystitis kanye nokusakazeka okwengeziwe kokutheleleka ezinso. Ukuvela noma ukususwa kwezinso kungavimbela ukwakheka komchamo.
Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abanesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, ingozi yokuba nesifo sezinso iphakeme ngokwedlulele, ngoba lolu hlobo lwesifo lubonakala ngenkambo engazinzile, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi akwenzeki ukugcina ushukela ujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaziywa ngokuya nge-Zimnitsky isifundo esivame ukubekwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. I-decoding yayo isetshenziselwa ukulawula ukusebenza kwezinso futhi ivimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathologies eyingozi kumama nakwa-fetus.
Isimo esiyingozi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa yi-gestosis. Le nkinga, ihambisana nephropathy, ukulimala kwezinso. Owesifazane ukhula i-edema, ingcindezi ikhuphuka kakhulu, futhi amaprotheni aqala ukungena kumchamo. Ukuhlaziywa ngokusho kweZimnitsky kwembula isostenuria ne-nocturia.
