Ngokwezibalo zomhlaba, isigamu sakho konke ukunqunywa kweziguli sinesifo sikashukela. Isifo sikashukela sonyawo sikashukela siholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu, ethi ngaphandle kokulawula okwanele ngesimo semilenze ikhule kusuka ezilondeni ezincane kuya kwesinye.
Ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1, le nkinga iba khona eminyakeni eyi-10 ngemuva kokuqala, ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, izilonda zesikhumba esibonakalayo singabonakala vele ekuhambeleni kokuqala kudokotela. Ukushintshwa kwesifo sikashukela emilenzeni kungavinjelwa ngokubheka imithetho elula yokuvimbela. Izigaba zokuqala zisabela kahle ekwelashweni, inqobo nje uma ushukela wegazi usujwayelekile.
Yini unyawo lwesifo sikashukela
Izicubu zomzimba wethu zingena ngenethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi, ifakwe emaphethelweni ezinzwa. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, ukudla okujwayelekile kweseli, ukudluliswa kwemininingwane ebucayi, nokulawulwa kwemisipha kungenzeka.
Isifo sikashukela nokucindezela kuzoba yinto yesikhathi esedlule
- Ukwehlela ushukela -95%
- Ukuqedwa kwe-vein thrombosis - 70%
- Ukuqedwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuqinile -90%
- Ukuqeda umfutho wegazi ophakeme - 92%
- Ukwanda kwamandla ngesikhathi sosuku, ngcono ukulala ebusuku -97%
I-Diabetesic unyawo - inhlanganisela yezinguquko emaphethelweni aphansi, okubandakanya i-angiopathy ne-neuropathy, okungukuthi, imithambo kanye nezinzwa zihlupheka ngokushesha. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukubhujiswa kwezicubu zamathambo kufakwa kulezi zinkinga, ezingakwazi ukuvuselelwa ngaphansi kwalezo zimo ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo bese ziwa kancane kancane.
Isifo sinikezwe ikhodi ngokwe-ICD-10 - E10.5; E11.5.
Kungani imilenze ilimele uma unesifo sikashukela?
- Imithambo yegazi ekuyo itholakala kude nenhliziyo, ngakho umthamo wegazi wehla ngokushesha ngokuncipha kwemithambo emikhulu.
- Imicu yezinzwa emilenzeni yinde kakhulu, okusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukulimala kwabo endaweni ethile kukhulu.
- Ukuphazamiseka kubangelwa umthwalo omkhulu ezinyaweni phakathi nosuku, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanokukhuluphala, okuvame ukuhambisana nesifo sikashukela.
- Imilenze ilimala kaningi kunezinye izingxenye zomzimba - uma igqoke izicathulo ezinhle, kodwa ezingakhululekile, ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngezinyawo, ezemidlalo, ezweni nalapho uvakashela olwandle.
Izimbangela zonyawo lwesifo sikashukela:
| Ukwephula umthetho | Isici | Imbangela yesifo sikashukela | Umthelela onyaweni sikashukela |
| I-Neuropathy | Izinguquko eziwohlokayo emithanjeni yangaphandle. | Ukwephulwa kokudla kwama-carbohydrate, ukubulawa yindlala kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa, ukusabela kwamaprotheni ama-membrane ezinzwa nge-glucose. | Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwela ezindaweni ezinkulu, ingozi eyengeziwe yokuvuvukala nezilonda. |
| I-Macroangiopathy | Isimo se-cholesterol nama-plaque anamafutha emithanjeni yegazi, kunciphisa amandla ezindongeni. | Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-metabolism wamafutha, i-glycation yamaprotheni akha udonga lwangaphakathi lomkhumbi. | I-Vasoconstriction, ukunikezwa kwegazi okumpofu kwezicubu ezithambile zemilenze. |
| I-Microangiopathy | Ukubhujiswa kwama-capillaries, ukubuyiselwa esikhundleni kwezicubu ezithintekayo. | Ukungezelela kwegazi okwandisiwe, ukukhula okuthe xaxa kwemithambo yegazi. | Ukwephulwa kokugeleza kwegazi ezindaweni ezithile, ukubulawa yindlala kwezicubu, ukungakwazi ukususa ubuthi. |
| I-Osteoarthropathy | Ukulimala kwezicubu zamathambo, amathambo ama-brittle, i-fractures ejwayelekile. | Ukusabalalisa umthwalo ngokungalungile ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokuzwela. | Ukuvinjelwa kokunyakaza kuze kube nokukhubazeka, ukwanda kokuqothuka kwezicubu, ukuvuvukala isikhathi eside. |
Izinhlobo kanye nezigaba ze-DS
Ngokuya ngokugula okukhona, ukwahlukaniswa konyawo lwesifo sikashukela ngohlobo kuyamukelwa:
- I-Neuropathic -I-syndrome ibonakaliswa ukubhujiswa okuhamba phambili ezinhlizweni, kutholakale ema-65% amacala. Kuyasiza ukufunda nge-polyneuropathy yesifo sikashukela semikhawulo ephansi.
- I-Ischemic - Ukulimala ngenxa yokuntuleka kokujikeleza kwegazi, zibiza cishe i-7%.
- I-Neuroischemic - Uhlobo oluxubekile lonyawo lwesifo sikashukela, lubangela kufika ku-30% wezilonda kwisifo sikashukela.
Inani lomonakalo libangela ukuthi i-syndrome ihlukaniswe izigaba ezi-5:
- Izingqinamba zonyawo lwesifo sikashukela ziyatholakala - ukuncipha kokuzwa kwesikhumba, izinhlamvu, i-corneum eqinile esikhumbeni sezinyawo, izithende eziphukile kanye nokushayeka kweminwe. Azikho izilonda.
- Isilonda ebusweni besikhumba, izicubu ezijulile azihlupheki (ukuhamba kwegazi okujwayelekile; ukuntuleka kokuhlinzekelwa kwegazi) - mayelana nezilonda ezindexekile.
- Isilonda esonakaliswe isikhumba, amanoni nemisipha engaphansi. Ithambo nama-tendon akulesi sigaba onyawo sikashukela awakathinteki (ukunikezwa kwegazi okwanele; ischemia yendawo enesilonda).
- Ukusakazwa kwezinguquko zokulimala kwezilonda ngokulimala kwamathambo (ngaphandle kokutheleleka; ngokuba khona kwezinkinga zamagciwane).
- Ukuvuvukala okubanzi kwe-purulent kwezicubu ezine-necrosis emilenzeni yomuntu ngamunye noma ezingxenyeni zonyawo. I-macroangiopathy ebalulekile.
Izimpawu nezimpawu zonyawo lwesifo sikashukela
Uhlobo lonyawo lwesifo sikashukela luvame ukunqunywa ngokubonakala kwamanxeba.
| Izimpawu ze-Syndrome | I-Neuropathic DS | I-Ischemic DS |
| Umbala wesikhumba | Okujwayelekile, ezinezindawo zokubomvu ngenxa yama-capillaries akhula ngokweqile. | Ipende ngenxa yokuncipha kokugeleza kwegazi ebusweni, amasokisi e-cyanotic noma aminyene. |
| Ukushisa kwesikhumba | Unyawo lufudumele. | Unyawo luphole kakhulu, ezindaweni ezifudumele kuphela ezindaweni zokuvuvukala. |
| Ukugcwala kwe-vascular | I-Ripple emithanjeni enqunywa kalula. | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kubuthakathaka noma akunakuphikwa nakancane. |
| Ubuhlungu | Ngenxa yomonakalo emaphethelweni wezinzwa, izilonda cishe azizibangeli izinhlungu ngisho nangesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kwazo. | Kumenyezelwe, kulingana ngokuthe ngqo kuze kufike kumonakalo. |
| Indawo ye-ulcer | Izindawo ezinomthelela omkhulu kakhulu womshini - amasokisi, izithende ezindaweni zokuphambana ngezicathulo. | Izindawo ezinikezela ngegazi elibi kakhulu - iminwe, izikhala phakathi kwazo, iqakala. |
| Ukubonakala kwamanxeba | Izilonda zimanzi, zinemiphetho ebushelelezi, isikhumba sizungeze sakhiwe. | Izindawo zokuma kwe-necrosis ezomile, imiphetho enamagquma, amagobolondo. Isikhumba sinwebekile, i-anemic. |
| Izifo zamathambo | Yehla ngobunono bethambo, shintsha esimweni sezinyawo, iminwe efana nesando noma iminwe egobile. | Kulahlekile noma kuvezwe buthaka. |
Isigaba sokuqala sonyawo sikashukela sinezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ama-Goosebumps, ama-tingling esikhunjeni noma eminye imizwa engajwayelekile.
- Umuzwa wokuxineka.
- Amanxeba aphola isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile.
- Ukhunta esikhunjeni noma izipikili kusebenze.
- Amakholi avela esithupha sesithupha.
- Izinyawo ziqala ukuzizwa zishisa kakhulu, thinta. Izinguquko zokuqala zingabonakala ehhovisi le-neurologist ngokulinganisa ukuzwela kokudlidliza.
- Imilenze ikhathala ngokushesha lapho ihamba;
Ungayiphatha kanjani unyawo lwesifo sikashukela
Ukwelashwa kwezinkinga zesifo sikashukela ezinyaweni kufaka phakathi ukulungiswa kwesifo sikashukela ezinyangeni ukwenza ngokwezifiso izibalo zegazi, ukuncishiswa kwengcindezi, uhlobo lokugcina unyawo, ukukhetha izicathulo ezifanele, ukwelashwa kokulimala kwendawo, nemithi elwa namagciwane uma kungenzeka kungenwa. Esigabeni sokugcina, ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwezinguquko zezicubu ze-necrotic.
Funda: Izizathu Zokulimala Imilenze Yesifo Sikashukela
Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi nokugcoba
Isifo sikashukela. Izithombe
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus sinciphisa kakhulu amandla omzimba wokulwa nezifo. Ukuphazamiseka kokujikeleza nokuzwela, isimilo sonyawo sikashukela, lesi simo sanda kaningi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukutheleleka okuningana kujoyina noma yiziphi izilonda zesikhumba okunzima ukuzelapha. Imvamisa, ama-pyogenic bacteria - ama-staphylococci kanye ne-streptococci - atholakala ngaphakathi kwezilonda zesifo sikashukela. Zivusa ukuvuvukala kwe-purulent yendawo, okungadala i-sepsis lapho amabhaktheriya engena egazini.
Ama-antibiotic asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo. Ukulungiselela okubanzi kakhulu Uma zingaphumeleli, zenza inoculation yokuqhamuka esilondeni bese zikhetha ikhambi ngomsebenzi osetshenziswayo ngokumelene namagciwane atholekile.
Ukuqeda izifo ezithambile ezinyaweni, i-amoxicillin (Amoxiclav noma i-Augmentin amalungiselelo), i-clindamycin (Dalacin), i-cephalexin (Keflex, Solexin) inqunyelwe. Uma izilonda zikhipha iphunga le-fetid, ukukhipha kuzo kungamabala amakhulu, okuluhlaza okotshani noma onsundu, i-levofloxacin (Tavanik, Levolet) yengezwa kunhlobo yokwelashwa. Uma usola iStaphylococcus aureus, i-vancomycin noma i-linezolid inqunyelwe.
Ukwelapha amanxeba usebenzisa i-hydrogen peroxide noma i-chlorhexidine. Isixazululo se-manganese, iodine, i-zelenka some ngokweqile izilonda bese sifaka izicubu, esingavumeli ukuqapha inqubo yokwelashwa.
Ukusheshisa ukuvuselelwa kwezicubu, ungasebenzisa i-Pronosan ijeli, i-ointment ne-Actovegin ijeli, i-jelly ne-Solcoseryl ointment, isixazululo seBetadine ngesimo sama-compress, i-Iruxol ointment.
Izithako kanye nokhilimu wokupholisa onyawo lwesifo sikashukela akufanele ube ne-petroleum jelly. Kwakha ifilimu ebusweni elingavumeli umoya-mpilo ukuba udlule kulo, elehlisa ukuphulukiswa kwamanxeba, futhi kukhona nengozi yokuthola ukutheleleka okunamandla kwe-anaerobic.
Sikhetha izicathulo ezifanele kanye nama-insoles we-DS syndrome
Isifo sikashukela sonyawo sikashukela senza izimfuno ezikhethekile ezicathulweni. Kufanele kube ntofontofo ngangokunokwenzeka, kuqedwe kungenzeka ukulimala. Izintandokazi kufanele zinikezwe amamodeli angagqokwa kumasokisi okotini, ngesithende aze afike ku-4 cm ngekhala elizungezile, isithende esivaliwe neminwe. Ama-slipper asekhaya nawo afiselekile athambile futhi avale ngokuphelele. Imichilo emincane, ikhala elincane, isithende esiphakeme, kanye nenqenqema lendlu akuvunyelwe ezicathulweni.
Lapho ukhetha izicathulo ngonyawo lwesifo sikashukela, umuntu akufanele aqondiswe kuphela yizinzwa, ngoba zingaqhekeka kakhulu ngenxa ye-neuropathy. Ngaphambi kokuya esitolo, unyawo luyindilinga ephepheni lekhadibhodi (kusihlwa, lisendaweni emile) bese lisika eceleni kwe-contour. Isifanekiso esivele lapho sifakwa kufakwa ezicathulweni ukubheka ukuthi sizocindezela yini. Ngaphakathi, izicathulo zicwaningwa ngokucophelela ukuze zingafakwa okokubopha okungenamikhawulo, ukunqwabelana kwesikhumba, ama-protrusion.
Ukwengeza induduzo, ama-insoles akhethekile ashukela asetshenziswayo, athengiswa ezitolo zemishini yezokwelapha. Lezi zinhlayiya zibushelelezi ngaphakathi, azinabo abasebenza ngokugoqeka, zikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezici zonyawo, zinezindawo ezifaka ukuthuthumela, futhi zisikwa kalula ngesimo sezicathulo.
Okwezinhlobo ezinzima zonyawo lwesifo sikashukela, kukhona idivaysi ekhethekile - ukuthulula uhhafu wezicathulo. Kuyo, isisindo somlenze sidluliselwa esithendeni, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze iminwe ithuba lokuphola. Kungenzeka ukukhiqiza ngokusho komuntu ngamunye we-orthopedic insoles, onaka noma ikuphi amaphutha emilenzeni kuze kufike ezinzwaneni ezisuswe.
Kuyathakazelisa: Uyazi ngamasokisi akhethekile abanesifo sikashukela - //diabetiya.ru/uhod/noski-dlya-diabetikov.html
Ukwelashwa kwemithi yesifo sikashukela soshukela
Ukwelashwa ekhaya kungenzeka kuze kube isigaba 2, okubandakanya, lapho izilonda zonyawo zingakabonakali. Ngaphezu kwemithi, amakhambi okwelapha anokubuyisela, i-bactericidal, anti-inflammatory effect angasetshenziswa. Izinto ezingokwemvelo zokusetshenziswa ezingafani neze nezimo kufanele zibe ngumthombo wokutheleleka, ngakho-ke, ama-infusions kanye nama-decoctions asetshenziswa ngokushesha emva kokulungiswa, futhi izitshalo ezintsha zigezwa kahle futhi zihlanziwe ngama-antiseptics.
- I-Aloe Recipe
I-Aloe iqukethe izithasiselo ze-biogenic ezikhuthaza ukuvuselelwa kwezicubu, zithuthukise imetabolism kuzo. Ekwelapheni unyawo lwesifo sikashukela, kusetshenziswa ujusi wesitshalo ngesimo se-lotions noma ingxenye yeqabunga enobumba olungaphezulu olusikiwe. Njalo emahoreni amathathu, umkhiqizo uguqulwa ube musha.
- Iresiphi yeCalendula
Izimbali zeCalendula zidambisa ukuvuvukala futhi zibulale amagciwane, zizisebenzise njenge-infusion ukugeza amanxeba - ama-3 g wezinto zokusetshenziswa ngengxenye yengilazi yamanzi abilayo.
- Iresiphi kaMarigold
Izimbali zeMarigold zisetshenziswa njenge-antiseptic. Babekwe ku-thermos futhi bathulule amanzi abilayo. I-10 g ye-calendula eyomile izodinga ingilazi yamanzi. Izingcindezi zezindawo ezilimele zingenziwa ngama-marigolds. Zigcinwa isigamu sehora, phambilini izilonda ziyahlanzwa.
- Iresiphi yeCowberry
Amaqabunga e-Lingonberry anomphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala. I-decoction ilungiselelwe kubo - ama-6 g amaqabunga abekwa epanini, kufakwa ingilazi yamanzi, ifakwe ebhavini lamanzi isigamu sehora, lihlungiwe ngokushesha. Ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa, umhluzi uyanyakaziswa bese amaswidi amunyiswe kuwo ukwelapha izilonda.
Isidingo sokulungiswa kokudla okunempilo
Isidingo sokulapha unyawo sikashukela wukudla okuphansi kwe-carb. Ngesifo sohlobo 2, ukuvinjelwa koshukela ekudleni kuthinta ngqo umphumela wesifo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwazo zonke izinkinga. Isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin kuzoba lula ukusilawula uma ungadli ama-carbohydrate asheshayo.
Ukudla okunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-lipoic ne-nicotinic acid, amavithamini B6 kanye ne-B12 - isipinashi, iklabishi, isaladi, inyama yenkomo, amantongomane, inhlanzi, okusanhlamvu okungaxhunyiwe kanye namantongomane kunganciphisa inkambo yalesi sifo. Amajikijolo anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-antioxidants - ama-cherries, ama-currants amnyama, ama-sea sihlahla sivame ukutholakala ngeke sibe mnandi.
Ukunakekelwa Nokuvimbela
Isidingo esiyinhloko sokuvimbela unyawo sikashukela siyisinxephezelo esihle sesifo sikashukela. Kuphela ngoshukela ojwayelekile, kungenzeka ukuvikela ukulimala kwezicubu zemilenze, kwelapha ngokuphelele unyawo lwesifo sikashukela ezigabeni zokuqala futhi kuvimbele izicubu ze-necrosis ekugcineni.
Izincomo ezizosiza ukugcina izinyawo ezinempilo zinesifo sikashukela:
- Thulula imilenze yakho ngangokunokwenzeka, shiya umsebenzi odinga isikhathi eside ukuze ume, ungathwali isisindo, wehlise isisindo ube ngokujwayelekile.
- Faka esikhundleni izicathulo ezijwayelekile ne-orthopedic diabetesic ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela kwezilonda ezijulile, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, oda ama-insoles ngamanye.
- Vikela izinyawo zakho ngezicucu ngisho nasekhaya nasebhishi, ungahambi ngezinyawo ezingenazo izicathulo otshanini.
- Gcina izinyawo zakho zihlanzekile, ugeze kabili ngosuku ngensipho namanzi. Bopha isikhumba sakho ngethawula, hhayi usihlikihle.
- Hambisa isikhumba sakho nsuku zonke nganoma yiluphi ukhilimu olutholakalayo. Ngomphumela omuhle kakhulu, ungasebenzisa iPanthenol noma yiluphi ukhilimu wesifo sikashukela nge-urea.
- Hlola izinyawo zakho njalo ukuthola amanxeba noma izinguquko zokuqala zesifo sikashukela.
- Ngaphambi kokugqoka izicathulo zakho, hlola ukubona ukuthi ingabe ithavu noma itshe lengubo lingenile ngaphakathi.
- Musa ukusebenzisa iziqakala ezinyaweni.
- Ungasusi ama-corns nge-blade, ungenzi izinto ezenziwe ngezinyawo zomzimba. Kungasetshenziswa kuphela ama-pumice namafayili amahle we-abrasive.
- Musa ukugoba izinyawo zakho, ungagezi emanzini ashisayo. Musa ukufaka imikhiqizo enolaka esikhunjeni sezinyawo, njengosinaphi noma kalamula.
- Uma kuvela amanxeba okuphulukiswa isikhathi eside noma ezinye izibonakaliso zesifo, ungazindli, bonana nodokotela.
Izinkinga nemiphumela
Amanqamu okugcina onyawo sikashukela abonakala ngokwakhiwa kwe-phlegmon kanye nama-abscesses ekujuleni kwezicubu. Ziyavulwa, ukhuthu luyasuswa, lugezwe ngama-antibiotic, lunikeze ukuphuma kwe-fluid, izingxenye ze-necrosis ziyasikwa. Lapho izinqubo zokubuyiselwa komhlaba ziqala esilondeni, kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki.
Uma amabhaktheriya e-anaerobic ephindaphindwe ngezilonda, i-gas gangrene ingakhula ngokushesha, okuvame ukuholela ekunqanyweni kwezitho kwezicubu ezinempilo. I-osteoarthropathy egijimayo isongela ukubhujiswa kwamathambo namalunga, ukuqina konyawo olunzima.
Isifo sikashukela sonyawo sikashukela sidinga ukwelashwa okude, okungaguquki. Ukusuka esigulini, ukulandela ngokuphelele yonke imiyalo kadokotela kuyadingeka. Izigaba ezibucayi zalesi sifo zenzeka ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezingazifundanga ezingakwazi ukucabanga kabusha indlela yazo yokuphila futhi ziphuze kakhulu ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke, kufinyelela ku-20% yeziguli ezinezilonda ezijulile esikhathini esizayo ziza ukunqunywa kwezinyawo, ezinye zazo zibulawa yi-sepsis enzima.
