Ukwenza impilo ibe lula futhi ithuthukise ukulawulwa kashukela egazini, ama-insulin therapy diabetesics angasebenzisa iphampu ye-insulin. Le divayisi ibhekwa njengeyona ndlela ethuthuka kakhulu yokusebenzisa i-hormone. Ukusetshenziswa kwephampu kunobuncane be-contraindication, ngemuva kokuqeqeshwa okuyimpoqo zonke iziguli ezazi izisekelo zezibalo zizobhekana nakho.
Amamodeli wakamuva wepampu azinza futhi ahlinzeka nge-glucose ehamba phambili yokudla kanye ne-glycated hemoglobin, kunokuphatha i-insulin ngepeni yesirinji. Vele, la madivaysi nawo anokubi. Udinga ukubabheka, uguqule okuthe xaxa futhi uzimisele ukuphatha i-insulin ngendlela yakudala uma kunesimo esingalindele.
Yini iphampu ye-insulin?
Iphampu ye-insulin isetshenziswa njengenye indlela yezintambo nezibaya zesirinji. Ukunemba kwe-dosing kwephampu kuphakama kakhulu kunangesikhathi usebenzisa isirinji. Umthamo omncane we-insulin ongabanjiswa ngehora ngamayunithi angama-0,025-0.05, ngakho-ke izingane nabanesifo sikashukela abanokuzwela okwengeziwe kwe-insulin bangasebenzisa idivaysi.
Isifo sikashukela nokucindezela kuzoba yinto yesikhathi esedlule
- Ukwehlela ushukela -95%
- Ukuqedwa kwe-vein thrombosis - 70%
- Ukuqedwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuqinile -90%
- Ukuqeda umfutho wegazi ophakeme - 92%
- Ukwanda kwamandla ngesikhathi sosuku, ngcono ukulala ebusuku -97%
I-secretion yemvelo ye-insulin ihlukaniswe yaba yisisekelo, egcina izinga elifunayo le-hormone, ngaphandle kokudla, ne-bolus, ekhishwa ngokuphendula ukukhula kweglucose. Uma ama-syringes asetshenziselwa isifo sikashukela i-mellitus, kusetshenziswa i-insulin ende ukwanelisa izidingo eziyisisekelo zomzimba zehomoni, futhi ngaphambi kokudla.
Iphampu ligcwele kuphela nge-insulin emfushane noma e-ultra-iDemo, ukulingisa ukufihla kwangemuva, kuyilimaza ngaphansi kwesikhumba kaningi, kepha ngezingxenye ezincane. Le ndlela yokuphatha ikuvumela ukuthi ulawule kahle ushukela kunokusebenzisa i-insulin ende. Ukwenza ngcono isinxephezelo sikashukela akubonwa kuphela yiziguli ezinesifo sohlobo 1, kodwa futhi nomlando omude wohlobo 2.
Imiphumela emihle ikakhulukazi iboniswa ngamaphampu we-insulin ekuvinjelweni kwe-neuropathy, kubantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela izimpawu ziyancipha, ukuqhubeka kwesifo kuncipha.
Umgomo wokusebenza kwensiza
Iphampu yinto encane, ecishe ibe ngu-5x9 cm, iyindlela yokujova i-insulin ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngokuqhubekayo. Inesikrini esincane nezinkinobho ezimbalwa zokulawula. Idamu eline-insulin lifakwe kudivayisi, lixhunywe ohlelweni lokufakwa: amashubhu amancane wokugoba nge-cannula - inaliti encane yepulasitiki noma yensimbi. I-cannula ihlala ingaphansi kwesikhumba sesiguli esinesifo sikashukela, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi inikeze i-insulin ngaphansi kwesikhumba emithanjeni emincane ngezikhathi ezithile ezimisiwe.
Ngaphakathi kwephampu ye-insulin kune-piston ecindezela endaweni yokugcina ama-hormone ngomfutho ofanele bese ifaka umuthi ku -hubhu, bese idlula nge-cannula iye emafutheni angaphansi.
Ngokuya ngemodeli, iphampu ye-insulin ingahle ifakwe:
- uhlelo lokuqapha ushukela;
- umsebenzi wokuvalwa kwe-insulin othomathikhi we-hypoglycemia;
- amasiginali wokuxwayisa adalwa ukushintshwa okusheshayo kwezinga le-glucose noma lapho kudlula imingcele ejwayelekile;
- ukuvikela emanzini;
- isilawuli kude
- amandla okugcina futhi adlulise imininingwane ekhompyutheni ephathelene nomthamo nesikhathi se-insulin elimele, izinga leshukela.
Ngabe yini inzuzo yephampu yesifo sikashukela
Inzuzo enkulu yepompo yikhono lokusebenzisa i-insulin kuphela ye-ultrashort. Ingena egazini ngokushesha futhi isebenze ngokuqinile, ngakho-ke iwina kakhulu nge-insulin ende, ukumuncwa kwayo kuncike ezicini eziningi.
Izinzuzo ezingabazeki zokwelashwa kwe-pump insulin zingafaka nalokhu:
- Ukuncishiswa kwesikhumba okuncishisiwe, okunciphisa ubungozi be-lipodystrophy. Lapho usebenzisa ama-syringes, kwenziwa imijovo emi-5 ngosuku. Ngempompo ye-insulin, inani lezinhlansi lincishiswa kube kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezi-3.
- Ukunemba kwemithamo. Ama-syringes akuvumela ukuthi uthayiphe i-insulin ngokunemba kwamayunithi angama-0,5, iphampu idonsa umuthi ngo-0.1.
- Ukwenza lula ukubalwa. Umuntu onesifo sikashukela ufaka inani elifunekayo le-insulin nge-1 XE kwimemori yedivayisi, kuya ngesikhathi sosuku kanye nezinga leshukela elifunekayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye, kwanele ukufaka kuphela inani elihleliwe lama-carbohydrate, futhi idivaysi ehlakaniphile izobala i-bolus insulin uqobo.
- Idivayisi isebenza ngokunganakwa abanye.
- Ngokusebenzisa iphampu ye-insulin, kulula kakhulu ukugcina izinga le-glucose ejwayelekile lapho kudlalwa ezemidlalo, amadili amade, kanti iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zinethuba lokunganamatheli ngokuqinile ekudleni ngaphandle kokulimaza impilo yazo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi angaxwayisa ngoshukela omningi ngokweqile noma ophansi kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuba nesibindi sikashukela.
Ngubani okhonjiswayo futhi ohlukaniselwe iphampu ye-insulin
Noma yisiphi isiguli esincike kwisifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin, kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni lokugula, singaba ne-insulin pump. Akukho okuphula umthetho wezingane noma kwabesifazane abakhulelwe nabakhanyayo. Isimo okuwukuphela kwekhono lokukwazi kahle imithetho yokuphatha ucingo.
Kunconywa ukuthi ipompo ifakwe ezigulini ezinxeshezelwe ngokunganele kwesifo sikashukela, ukugxuma okuvamile egazini likashukela egazini, i-noogurnal hypoglycemia, noshukela wokuzila okuphezulu. Futhi, idivaysi ingasetshenziswa ngempumelelo yiziguli ezinezenzo ze-insulin ezingalindeleki.
Isidingo esiyisibopho sesiguli esinesifo sikashukela yikhono lokufunda kahle wonke ama-regimen we-insulin therapy: ukubalwa kwe-carbohydrate, ukuhlela umthwalo, ukubalwa kwamthamo. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa impompo ngokwayo, umuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele azi kahle kuyo yonke imisebenzi yayo, akwazi ukuyihlenga futhi ngokuzimela, futhi ethule umthamo wokulungisa umuthi. Iphampu ye-insulin ayinikezwa iziguli ezinokugula kwengqondo. Isithiyo sokusebenzisa insimbi kungaba umbono ongemuhle kakhulu onesifo sikashukela ongakuvumeli ukusebenzisa isikrini solwazi.
Ukuze ukwephuka kwephampu ye-insulin kungaholeli emiphumeleni engenakuphikwa, isiguli kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi siphathe kit usizo lokuqala:
- ipeni lesirinji eligcwele lomjovo we-insulin uma ucingo luhluleka;
- gcina uhlelo lokufaka ukuze lushintshe;
- i-insulin reservoir;
- amabhethri wepompo;
- imitha kashukela wegazi;
- carbohydrate asheshayoisibonelo, amaphilisi kashukela.
Ngabe isebenza kanjani iphampu ye-insulin
Ukufakwa kokuqala kwephampu ye-insulin kwenziwa ngaphansi kokugadwa ngudokotela, kwesinye isikhathi kulungiselelwa isibhedlela. Isiguli sikashukela sazi kahle ukusebenza kwensiza.
Ungawulungiselela kanjani iphampu ukuze usetshenziswe:
- Vula isembozo ngesithako se-insulin engalawuleki.
- Shayela umuthi obekiwe kuwo, imvamisa i-Novorapid, Humalog noma i-Apidra.
- Xhuma isitoreji ohlelweni lokungenisa usebenzisa isixhumi esisekupheleni kwethubhu.
- Qala kabusha iphampu.
- Faka ithangi egumbini ekhethekile.
- Yenza kusebenze umsebenzi wokuphakamisa kudivayisi, linda kuze kube yilapho ishubhu ligcwele i-insulin bese kuthi kuqhume iconsi ekugcineni kwe-cannula.
- Namathisela i-cannula endaweni yomjovo we-insulin, imvamisa esiswini, kodwa futhi kungenzeka okhalweni, amabhuzu, amahlombe. Inaliti ifakwe ngeteyiphu yokunamathela, eyiqinisa ngokuqinile esikhunjeni.
Awudingi ukususa i-cannula ukuze ugeze. Inqunywe kwi-tube futhi ivalwe nge-cap ekhethekile engangenisi kwamanzi.
Okungasetshenziswa
Amathangi abamba i-1.8-3.15 ml ye-insulin. Ziyakwazi ukusetshenziswa, azikwazi ukusetshenziswa futhi. Intengo yethangi elilodwa isuka kuma-ruble ayi-130 kuye kwangama-250. Izinhlelo zokufaka ziguqulwa njalo ezinsukwini ezi-3, izindleko zokubuyiselwa esikhundleni zingama-ruble angama-250-950.
Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa iphampu ye-insulin manje sekubiza kakhulu: eshibhile futhi elula kunazo zonke ayizinkulungwane ezine ngenyanga. Intengo yensiza ingafinyelela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12. Izinto zokuqapha okuqhubekayo zamazinga kashukela zibiza kakhulu: inzwa, eyenzelwe izinsuku eziyisithupha zokugqoka, ibiza cishe ama-ruble angama-4000.
Ngaphezu kokudla, kunamadivayisi athengiswayo enza impilo ibe lula ngepompo: iziqeshana zokunamathisela ezingutsheni, isembozo samaphampu, imishini yokufaka ama-cannulas, izikhwama zokupholisa ze-insulin, kanye nezitika ezihlekisayo zamaphampu ezingane.
Ukukhethwa komkhiqizo
E-Russia, kungenzeka ukuthenga futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukulungisa amaphampu wabakhiqizi ababili: I-Medtronic neRoche.
Izici zokuqhathanisa zamamodeli:
| Umkhiqizi | Imodeli | Incazelo |
| I-Medtronic | MMT-715 | Umshini olula kakhulu, olwaziwa kalula yizingane nabanesifo sikashukela asebekhulile. Ifakwe umsizi wokubala i-bolus insulin. |
| I-MMT-522 ne-MMT-722 | Uyakwazi ukukala ushukela njalo, bonisa izinga lakhe esikrinini futhi nedatha yesitolo izinyanga ezi-3. Xwayisa ngoshintsho olubi ushukela, ulahlekelwe i-insulin. | |
| I-Veo MMT-554 ne-Veo MMT-754 | Yenza yonke imisebenzi iMMT-522 efakwe ngayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-insulin imiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngesikhathi se-hypoglycemia. Banezinga eliphansi le-basal insulin - amayunithi angama-0,025 ngehora, ngakho-ke bangasetshenziswa njengamaphampu ezingane. Futhi, kumadivayisi, umthamo wansuku zonke onokwenzeka wesidakamizwa ukhushulwa waba amayunithi angama-75, ngakho-ke, la mafutha we-insulin angasetshenziswa ezigulini ezinesidingo esikhulu se-hormone. | |
| URoche | I-Accu-Chek Combo | Kulula ukuphatha. Ifakwe ngokulawula okukude okuphinda kabili insiza enkulu, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziswa ngobuhlakani. Uyakwazi ukukhumbuza ngesidingo sokushintsha okudla, isikhathi sokubheka ushukela kanye nokuvakasha okulandelayo kudokotela. Ibambezela ukucwiliswa kwesikhashana emanzini. |
Elula kakhulu okwamanje yipampu ye-wireless yakwa-Israyeli i-Omnipod. Ngokusemthethweni, ayinikezwa eRussia, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka ithengwe phesheya noma ezitolo eziku-inthanethi.
Ukubuyekezwa kwabanesifo sikashukela abanolwazi
Inani lamaphampu we-insulin
Kubiza malini iphampu ye-insulin:
- I-Medtronic MMT-715 - 85 000 ama-ruble.
- I-MMT-522 ne-MMT-722 - cishe ama-ruble ayi-110,000.
- IVeo MMT-554 neVeo MMT-754 - cishe ama-ruble angama-180 000.
- I-Accu-Chek ngesilawuli kude - ama-ruble ayi-100 000.
- I-Omnipod - iphaneli yokulawula engaba ngu-27,000 ngokuya ngama-ruble, iqoqo lokudliwayo enyangeni - ama-ruble ayi-18,000.
Ngingayithola mahhala
Ukuhlinzeka abanesifo sikashukela ngamaphampu e-insulin eRussia kuyingxenye yohlelo lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha oluphezulu. Ukuze uthole le divayisi mahhala, udinga ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho. Udweba amadokhumenti ngokuhambisana ngoku-oda koMnyango Wezempilo 930n lomhla ziyi-12/26/14emva kwalokho zithunyelwa eMnyangweni Wezempilo ukuze ziwucubungule kanye nesinqumo mayelana nokwabiwa kwezilinganiso. Kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10, kukhishwe imvume yokunikezwa kwe-VMP, ngemuva kwalokho isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sidinga ukulinda kuphela ithuba layo nesimemo sokungeniswa esibhedlela.
Uma udokotela wakho we-endocrinologist enqaba ukusiza, ungaxhumana ngqo noMnyango Wezempilo wesifunda ukuthola izeluleko.
Kunzima kakhulu ukuthola okudla okweqile kwephampu mahhala. Azifakwanga ohlwini lwezidingo ezibalulekile futhi azxhaswa ngezimali ezivela kubhajethi yenhlangano. Ukuzinakekela kudluliselwa ezifundeni, ngakho-ke ukutholwa kokuthenga kuncike ngokuphelele kubaphathi bendawo. Njengomthetho, kulula kakhulu ezinganeni nakubantu abaphila nokukhubazeka ukuthola amasethi wokungeniswa. Imvamisa, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ziqala ukunika okudla kusukela ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokufakwa kwephampu ye-insulin. Noma ngasiphi isikhathi, ukukhishwa kwamahhala kungahle kuphele, ngakho-ke kudingeka uzilungiselele ukukhokha amanani amakhulu ngokwakho.
