Ngingakwazi ukwenza imidlalo ngesifo sikashukela?

Isifo sikashukela isifo sikashukela yisifo esibonakaliswa ukuntuleka kwe-insulin ngenxa yokuphazamiseka okuhambisana nama-pancreas noma ngenxa yezinkinga zokufakwa kwe-hormone yizicubu zomzimba. Balinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama-350 abantu abanesifo sikashukela, futhi iningi labo lisenethuba lokudlala imidlalo, okubaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni isimo somzimba wonke sijwayelekile.

Isifo sikashukela nemidlalo akuzona nje izinto ezihambisanayo, ngoba ukuzivocavoca komzimba kuphoqelekile kulokhu kutholwa, ikakhulukazi uma kutholakale ukuthi une-Type 2.

Izici zokucindezela kwezemidlalo kushukela

Kubalulekile ukuqapha ngokucophelela izinga leshukela eliqukethwe egazini lakho, futhi kubalulekile ukuqapha lesi sikhombisi ngaphambi nangemva kokuqeqeshwa, ngoba, ngokusho kochwepheshe, ngokuduka okuncane emithwalweni, izinkinga eziyingozi zingavela, okuzoxoxwa ngazo kungekudala.

Kuma-diabetes, ukucindezela kuthinta kakhulu okulandelayo:

• Isisindo somzimba;
• Inhlala-kahle;
• Iphrofayili yeLipid nokuningi.

Kumele kuqondwe ukuthi umthwalo kwabanesifo sikashukela ubaluleke kakhulu futhi mkhulu kunabantu abavamile. Iqiniso ukuthi izivivinyo ezikhethwe kahle ezizokusiza ulawule kangcono i-glucose level yakho. Ungacabangi ukuthi isifo sikashukela yisigwebo sakho, kanye nokuphelelwa yithemba futhi uyeke ukuzihlola. Abantu abaningi abanalesi sifo asihlali nje kuphela, kodwa futhi bathokozela impilo, bekujabulela. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungaqali inqubo futhi ngokubonakala kwezimpawu zokuqala zokumelana nalesi sifo ngentshiseko.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yokusebenza komzimba

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kwezinye izimo, uma usondela emithwalweni yesifo sikashukela ngokunganaki, kungavela izinkinga eziyingozi, okuyizinto eziyinhloko zokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic. Lokhu kufanele kufake i-hypoglycemia, eyenzeka kaningi, kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzophumelela ukuyamelana nayo. Iqiniso ngukuthi lokhu kwephula umthetho kuyindida impela, ngoba kungakhula ngokushesha, futhi hhayi kuphela ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa uqobo, kodwa futhi nangemva kokuphothulwa. Ukuphazamiseka okunjalo kuvame kakhulu kuhlobo lwe-1 sikashukela, okungukuthi, abantu abathola i-insulin ngomjovo.

Nazi izibonakaliso eziphambili ze-hypoglycemia ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule (lapho zivela, yeka ukuqeqeshwa bese ushayela uchwepheshe):

• Ukonakala okubalulekile enhlalakahleni;
• Ukukhanya;
• Ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile;
• Izinkinga zombono, okuyi-vagueness ne-fuzziness;
• Ukujuluka
• Isimo sobuntu;
• Isicanucanu
• Ukupholisa isikhumba;
• Paresthesia yezandla, kaningi - ulwimi.

Ukuvimbela Izinkinga

Ukuze uvikele izimo eziyingozi ezihambisana nenkinga enjalo, kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho ethile yokuvimbela, nantu uhlu lwabokuqala:

1. Qinisekisa ukukala izinga le-glucose kabili, okungukuthi - ngaphambi kokuqeqeshwa nangemva kokuphela kwayo yonke imisebenzi yomzimba.
2. Kuhle ukuqeqesha ekuseni amahora, uma umsebenzi onjalo womzimba uzoba njalo, okubaluleke kakhulu.
3. Qiniseka ukuthi unama-carbohydrate agaya kalula ngandlela thile ngenkathi uqeqeshwa, ngokwesibonelo, ujusi wamagilebhisi ufanelekile, ngaphandle kwesizathu kufanele udakwe. Ungaba ne-glucagon.
4. Ngokubambisana nodokotela, lungisa ukudla okudlayo, kanye nethamo elidingekayo le-insulin yokuvivinya umzimba.
5. Lungisa ukudla, ngoba isidlo sokugcina esiphelele ngaphambi kokuqeqeshwa kufanele senziwe cishe amahora amathathu. Futhi, kwezinye izimo, ochwepheshe bacebisa ukusebenzisa umthamo ongama-carbohydrate, kepha kulokhu, izici ngazinye nezinkomba ze-glucose zibalulekile kuze kube sekupheleni kokusebenza.
6. Isidlakudla se-carbohydrate singasetshenziswa noma ngesikhathi sokuziqeqesha uqobo, kepha kuphela uma isikhathi eside, okungukuthi, sihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora eli-1.
7. Sebenzisa amanzi amaningi, futhi akufanele ukhohlwe ukuphuza ngisho nalapho uzivocavoca.

Kwezinye izimo, kwethulwa imithetho eyengeziwe, ngokuya ngezinkinga ezikhona nezinye.

Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi kunento efana nokubambezeleka kwe-hypoglycemia. Lokhu kugula kuhlale kwenzeka njalo ebusuku, okungukuthi, ngemuva kokuqedwa kokuqeqeshwa, kuthatha amahora angama-6 kuya kwezi-6, kwesinye isikhathi. Le nkinga ezimweni eziningi ingaba nesizathu esisodwa kuphela - i-glycogen ayizange ibuyiselwe ngokuphelele. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kungavela kwisifo sikashukela ngisho namahora angama-30 ngemuva kokuzivocavoca, kepha uhlobo olubambezelekile lwe-hypoglycemia lungagwenywa uma ucabangisisa ngezilinganiso ze-glucose.

Enye yezinkinga eziyingozi kakhulu i-hyperglycemia, okuwukuthi, ukwanda okukhulu kwenqubo yokuqashelwa kwama-hormone athile, ngokwesibonelo, i-adrenaline ne-glucagon. Le nkinga iyingozi kuzo zombili izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela, ngoba ingaholela ngisho nasoshukela ketoacidosis (uhlobo 1) ne-hyperosmolar coma (uhlobo 2). Ngalesi sizathu, singaphetha ngokuthi kwenqatshelwe ukuqala ukuqeqeshwa uma une-ketoacidosis futhi izinga likashukela lingaphezu kwama-250 mg%. Uma ingekho i-ketoacidosis, khona-ke imikhawulo iyinkomba kuphela ye-300 mg%, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele, futhi kungakuhle ukuthi ubonane nodokotela ngalolu daba.

Vivinya umzimba insulin

Ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kufanele kushintshe kakhulu, futhi kukhona ukulinganiselwa:

• Ngaphambi kokuqala ukusebenza, kwenqatshelwe ukufaka i-insulin emilenzeni, inketho kuphela esiswini;
• Qiniseka ukuthi wehlisa umthamo we-insulin, futhi amaphesenti okuncipha azoncika esikhathini sokuqeqeshwa, futhi ubukhulu bawo nobude bawo kubalulekile, ukwehla okunjalo kubalulekile ukukwenza ngemuva kokulinganisa ushukela wegazi ngaphambi nangemva kwekilasi, ukubamba iqhaza kukadokotela kuyadingeka;
• Ngisho umthamo we-insulin ohlobene nesenzo sesikhathi esiphakathi kufanele uncishiswe;
• Zama ukusebenzisa i-lyspro-insulin, kepha hhayi wonke umuntu ongashintsha kuyo, izinzuzo zayo yisenzo sayo esisheshayo, esihlala isikhathi eside;
• Izinga lokuphathwa kwe-insulin lingahle futhi lehlise uma usebenzisa izisebenzi ezigqokekayo;
• Uma uvumelane nochwepheshe ukuthi ukuvivinya umzimba kuzokwenziwa ngemuva kokudla, bese unciphisa umthamo ngaphambi kokudla.

Ukuhlolwa kokulayisha

Naka iqiniso lokuthi isifo sikashukela yisifo esingasheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo eziyingozi kakhulu - isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Ngalesi sizathu, zama ukwenza ukuhlolwa okugcwele kwehliziyo njalo kaningi, kakhulu, uchwepheshe uzophatha lesi sifiso ngokuqonda. Lapho kukhona noma yiziphi izinto ezingaba sengozini zokuthuthukisa izinkinga, kubalulekile ukuthi uvame ukwenza isivivinyo sokuxineka, esisungulwa yimithetho ye-American Diabetes Association.

Nazi izinkomba eziphambili lapho odokotela beluleka ukuthi bangakunaki lokhu kwehla:

1. Iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35 ubudala;
2. 1 uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela esiye sabonwa kuwe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15;
3. Uhlobo lwe-2 sikashukela i-mellitus, ebilokhu ibonwa kuwe iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10;
4. Isifo senhliziyo, esiqinisekisiwe ngochwepheshe;
5. Ukuba khona kwanoma yiziphi ezinye izinto ezandisa ubungozi bokuthola isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, ngokwesibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kabi kukagwayi, ifa elibi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
6. Izinkinga ze-Microangiopathic zemvelo ehlukile;
7. I-atherossteosis, ethinta imithambo yegazi;
8. I-Autonomic neuropathy.

Izinkinga ezinjalo azidingi ukufundwa ngokucophelela, kumane kubalulekile ukwazi ngaleliqiniso futhi uzame ukuvimba izinkinga zalolu hlobo. Ngalesi sizathu, thenga izicathulo ezithambile ezingeke futhi zigobe izinzwani zakho. Ungakhohlwa ngamasokisi, okufanele asuse umswakama.

Ngingabamba iqhaza emidlalweni efanele yesifo sikashukela?

Indaba yemidlalo efanelekile yesifo sikashukela nayo ibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba abantu abahlaselwa yilesi sifo bavame ukubhekana nokuvinjwa, hhayi nje kodokotela kuphela, kodwa nangabaqeqeshi. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ngaphandle kwesizathu abanesifo sikashukela abakwazi ukunqatshelwa ukuthi babambe iqhaza emiqhudelwaneni ethile yezinga elingathi sína, kodwa noma kunjalo kukhona okuhlukile kulo mthetho. Iqiniso ngukuthi usengavinjelwa ukuthi ubambe iqhaza uma abahleli balo mncintiswano sebemukele umthetho okhethekile owenqabela amaqembu abantu abanezifo ezithile ukuthi babambe iqhaza kulo mncintiswano. Ukuvinjwa okunjalo kumele kube nezizathu ezibalulekile, futhi uma kunjalo ngempela, kungcono ukuzivikela.

Kuyaqapheleka futhi ukuthi udokotela ozobe esebhodini lezokwelapha kungenzeka angakuniki imvume. Kepha kufanele futhi kube nezizathu ezibalulekile zalokhu, imvamisa sikhuluma ngezinkinga ezahlukahlukene zesifo sikashukela, ngokwesibonelo, mayelana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma izinkinga zesimo senhliziyo. Uma kungekho zinkinga ezinkulu kangako, umuntu onesifo sikashukela angancintisana emidlalweni ehlukahlukene.

Ezinye izincomo zekhomishini yezemidlalo ezihlobene nokuba khona kwezifo ezinjalo nazo zingumqondo, kepha uma konke kuhamba ngokuhlaziywa kwakho, ungavikela izintshisekelo zakho ngokuphepha.