I-Macroangiopathy ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela - izimbangela nezindlela zokwelashwa

Isifo Sikashukela Macroangiopathy - igama elihlanganisiwe okuqondwa ngalo isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yemithambo yegazi enkulu. Isifo sikashukela siholela ekukhuleni kwalesi sifo, esihambisana nokwanda kweglucose yegazi. Kulesi simo, izinqubo ze-metabolic, kufaka phakathi i-fat metabolism, ziyathinteka. Lokhu kuholela ekwakhekeni kwama-atherosselotic plaque ezindongeni ze-vascular. Okokuqala, inhliziyo, ubuchopho nemilenze kuyahlupheka.

Izizathu

Kunezici eziningi eziholela ekwakhiweni kwalesi sifo:

• Isisindo esiningi;
• Imikhuba emibi - ukuphuza nokubhema;
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atrape fibrillation;
• Ukwanda kwe-cholesterol yegazi;
• Iminyaka engaphezu kuka-50;
• Isakhi sofuzo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezici ezithile ezihlobene ngqo nokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela. Lezi zizathu zibandakanya okulandelayo:

• I-Hyperglycemia;
• Izinga le-insulin elandayo - lesi simo sibizwa nge-hyperinsulinemia;
• Ukulimala emiphumeleni ye-hormone - lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-insulin ukumelana;
• Isifo sezinso esihambisana noshukela;
• Isipiliyoni eside lesi sifo.

I-insulin icasisa ukuvela kwama-cholesterol plaque nezicucu ze-lipoprotein ezizimele. Lokhu kungahle kube ngumphumela womphumela oqondile ezindongeni zezindawo noma umphumela kuma-lipid metabolism.

Ukuhlukaniswa nokwethulwa komtholampilo

I-macroangiopathy yesifo sikashukela ingaba nezinketho ezahlukahlukene zokuthuthuka. Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-pathology lubonakala ngezici ezithile.

Ngomonakalo wemithambo yenhliziyo, kuvela kwe-angina pectoris. Lokhu kwephulwa kuhlotshaniswa nokuphulwa kwezinqubo zokuhlinzekwa kwegazi. Izibonakalisa ngesimo sezinhlungu ku-sternum. Kukhona nengozi yokuhlaselwa kwe-myocardial infarction kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okuhlala njalo.

Le ndlela ye-pathology ibonakala ngokubonakaliswa okunje:

1. Ukucindezela, ukushisa, nokucindezela izinhlungu esifundeni senhliziyo naku-sternum. Esigabeni sokuqala sokukhula kwesifo, aqhamuka kuphela ngokuzikhandla ngokomzimba. Njengoba bekhula, ukungaphatheki kahle kuba khona esimweni esizolile ngisho nangemva kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa okuvela esigabeni sama-nitrate.
2. Ukuphefumula. Ekuqaleni, ibonwa kuphela ngaphansi kwemithwalo, bese isesimweni esizolile.
3. Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze.
4. Ukusebenza kahle kwenhliziyo.
5. Ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi.
6. Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okungelona iqiniso. Le pathology ivame ukubonwa kushukela. Lokhu kungenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwemicu yezinzwa.

Ukulimazeka emikhunjini yokudla okubizwa ngokuthi yi-cerebrovascular pathology. Ngokuthuthuka kwayo, ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kuyabonakala:

1. Ubuhlungu bekhanda.
2. Ukwehla kokuhlushwa.
3. Isiyezi
4. Ukubuthaka kwememori.
5. Isifo sokuwa Ngaphansi kwaleli gama kuqondakala ukwephulwa okukhulu kokujikeleza kwezitho zomzimba, okubandakanya ukufa kwendawo ethile.

I-macroangiopathy yesifo sikashukela semikhawulo engezansi ifaka ukubonakaliswa okunjalo:

1. Ubuhlungu emilenzeni.
2. Izilonda zokulimaza. Lapho zivela, ubuqotho besikhumba buyaphazamiseka.
3. Lameness.
4. Ukufa kwezicubu ezithambile. Lapho kwenzeka i-gangrene, umlenze uba mnyama bese ulahlekelwa ngokuphelele yimisebenzi yayo.

Izindlela zokwelapha

Umgomo wokwelashwa kwale patology ukunciphisa ijubane ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga eziyingozi ezivela emikhunjini, okungaholela ekukhubazekeni kwesiguli noma ukufa. Umgomo obalulekile ekwelashweni kwalesi sifo ukulungiswa kwale mibandela:

• I-Hypercoagulation;
• I-Hyperglycemia;
• Umfutho wegazi we-Arterial;
• I-Dyslipidemia.

Ukwenza ngcono isimo somuntu, kudalwa izidakamizwa ezokwehlisa i-lipid. Lokhu kufaka i-fibrate, ama-statin, ama-antioxidants. Akubalulekanga kangako ukuthi kugcinwe ukudla, okubandakanya ukukhawula ukudla inyama yezilwane.

Ngosongo olukhulu lwemiphumela ye-thromboembolic, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa ama-antiplatelet agents. Lokhu kufaka i-heparin ne-pentoxifylline. Odokotela bavame ukunquma i-acetylsalicylic acid.

Ukwelashwa kwe-antihypertensive ngalokhu kutholwa kuyenziwa ukufeza nokugcina ingcindezi ezinzile. Kufanele ihlale njalo isezingeni le-130/85 mm RT. Ubuciko. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, kusetshenziswa ama-inhibitors e-ACE, capopril.

Udinga futhi ukusebenzisa ama-diuretics - furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide. Iziguli eziye zathola ukubekwa phansi kwegazi yi-beta-blockers ebekiwe. Lokhu kufaka i-atenolol.

Ukwelapha kwezilonda eziyizidlakudla zeziphetho kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokubhekwa ngudokotela ohlinzayo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ze-vascular, kunakekelwa kakhulu. Uma kunobufakazi, kungahlinzwa kungenzeka kwenziwe.

Izinkinga

Usongo lwe-macroangiopathy lubizwa kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ingozi yokufa kusuka ezinkingeni zalezi zifo ngama-35-75%. Ezimweni zamacala, ukufa kwenzeka ngenxa yokufakelwa kwe-myocardial infarction.

Iseluleko esingesihle lapho izizinda ezi-3 zamathambo - ubuchopho, imilenze nenhliziyo - zithinteka ngasikhathi sinye. Ngaphezu kwengxenye yawo wonke umsebenzi wokunqunywa kwemikhawulo engezansi kuhlotshaniswa ngqo ne-macroangiopathy.

Ngokulimala kwezinyawo, iziphako zokulunga ziyabonakala. Lokhu kudala izimfuneko zokwakhiwa konyawo lwesifo sikashukela. Ngomonakalo wemicu yezinzwa, imithambo yegazi nezicubu zamathambo, i-necrosis iyabukwa futhi izinqubo ze-purulent ziyavela.

Ukubonakala kwezilonda eziyinqwaba emlenzeni ongezansi kungenxa yokuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwemithambo ethintekile yemilenze. Indawo evamile ye-gangrene yinzwane enkulu.

Ubuhlungu ngokubonakala kwe-gangrene yesifo sikashukela azizivezi kakhulu. Kepha lapho ubufakazi buvela, akufanelekile ukubambezela ukusebenza. Ngisho nokubambezeleka okuncane kugcwala ukuphulukiswa kwamanxeba isikhathi eside. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukwenza ukungenelela okuphindaphindiwe kokuhlinzwa.

Izindlela zokuvimbela

Ukuze uvimbele ukuvela kwalesi sifo, kufanele kubukwe izincomo eziningi:

1. Yelapha ngesikhathi sikashukela;
2. Namathela ekudleni okubandakanya ukukhawulelwa kokudla kwamaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, usawoti nokudla okunamafutha;
3. Yenza ngokwejwayelekile isisindo somzimba;
4. Khipha ngaphandle kokubhema nokuphuza;
5. Nikela ngokuzivocavoca okulinganiselayo, okungavuseli ukubonakala kwezimpawu ze-angina pectoris;
6. Zonke izinsuku, hamba emoyeni omusha;
7. Nikeza ukuhlolwa okunamandla kokuqukethwe kwe-lipid - kanye ezinyangeni ezi-6;
8. Yenza ukuqapha okunamandla kwenani le-glucose egazini - le nkomba ilinganiswa kanye ngosuku.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-macroangiopathy kwisifo sikashukela kuyinto evame ukwenzeka. Le pathology igcwele ukuvela kwemiphumela eyingozi futhi ingadala nokufa. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzibandakanya ekuvimbeleni kwayo, futhi uma kuvela izimpawu, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.