I-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela ngumqondo ohlanganayo osho ukuthi kunesilonda esijwayelekile semikhumbi emincane. Ngalesi sifo, izindonga zemikhumbi ziyaqina, futhi imvume yazo yephuliwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuphuma kwegazi kuyehla. Ngenxa yalezi zinqubo, kuvela izilonda ezingenakuguqulwa zezitho zangaphakathi - inhliziyo, izinso, ne-retina iso.
Izizathu
Abantu abaningi bayakhathalela umbuzo: i-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela - kuyini? Ukuqonda ingqikithi yenqubo, udinga ukuhlaziya indlela okwenzeka ngayo. Ngokuqhubeka kweshukela, amazinga kashukela aphezulu akhona. Lokhu kuvusa kancane kancane ukubhujiswa kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi.
Kwezinye izindawo baba mncane futhi aqole, kuyilapho kwezinye eba mkhulu. Lokhu kubangela ukwephulwa kokujikeleza kwegazi okujwayelekile, kuholele ekuqothulweni kwenqubo ye-metabolic kwezicubu. Lapho lezi zinqubo zikhula, i-hypoxia yezicubu eziseduze iba.
I-angiopathy ejwayelekile yesifo sikashukela semikhawulo ephansi. Lokhu kungenxa yemithwalo engapheli emilenzeni.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ubunzima kule ndawo bukhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi i-pathology ithinta imithambo ye-retina.
Izinhlobo nezithombe zomtholampilo
Izimpawu ze-pathology zincike kundawo yekhaya yomthombo wale nkinga. Isikhathi esiningi imithambo yezinso, amehlo, inhliziyo, izandla noma izinyawo ihlupheka. Kungakho izinkomba ezibalulekile ze-angiopathy zesifo sikashukela zingokulandelayo:
- Ukulimazeka kokubonakalayo;
- Izinkinga ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo;
- Ukwephulwa kwemisebenzi yobumbano;
- Ukuwohloka emsebenzini wezinso.
I-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela ingaba nezindlela ezimbili zokuthuthuka:
- I-Microangiopathy - kulokhu, ama-capillaries omzimba wonke ayahlupheka;
- I-Macroangiopathy - imvamisa ithinta imikhumbi emikhulu, efana nemithambo yemithambo nemithambo.
Isimo somtholampilo we-pathology sinqunywa ngosayizi wemikhumbi eyonakele kanye nobunzima besifo. I-Microangiopathy ingaba nezigaba eziyisithupha zokuthuthuka:
- 0 degree. Umuntu akaziboni izimpawu, noma kunjalo, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuvimbela, uchwepheshe ukhomba izilonda zokuqala ze-vascular.
- 1 degree. Kulesi sigaba, isikhumba semilenze siyaqaqeka, sibanda lapho sithintwa. Ungakhombisa nezinkinga ezincane zezilonda ezingenazo izindawo ezilimele futhi ezingabangeli buhlungu.
- 2 degree. Izilonda ze-peptic zijula. Kulokhu, izicubu zemisipha namathambo ziyahlupheka. Imvamisa kunesifo esibuhlungu.
- I-3 degree. Ngaphansi nemingcele yesici sesilonda kunezindawo ze-necrosis, ezihanjiswa ngendlela yezakhi ezimnyama. Le ndawo iba bomvu futhi ivuvukale. Kukhona nengozi yokuba ne-osteomyelitis, okuyisilonda esithambile samathambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho kunokusongela kwe-phlegmon kanye nama-abscesses.
- I-4 degree. Izinqubo ze-Necrotic zedlula imingcele yezilonda zokulimala, zithinta umunwe noma isisekelo sonyawo.
- 5 degree. Izinguquko ze-Necrotic zithinta cishe lonke unyawo. Kulesi simo, ukunqunywa umlomo ngeke kugwenywe.
IMacroangiopathy inezigaba eziningana. Ngokuya esiteji, i-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela semikhumbi emaphethelweni aphansi inokuboniswa okulandelayo:
- Isigaba sokuqala. Kulesi sigaba, imilenze engezansi ikhathala ngokushesha, ukuqina kutholakala ekuseni, ipuleti lezipikili liyaqina, iminwe iguge. Kulokhu, izimpawu ze-angiopathy zesifo sikashukela semikhawulo ephansi zifaka ukujuluka ngokweqile nokuphola okusheshayo. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuvela kokunye phakathi kwezikhathi kuvela, izikhawu zazo okungama-0.5-1 km.
- 2a isigaba. Izinyawo zomuntu ziyagungqa, imilenze yakhe iqhwa ngisho nasehlobo. Isikhumba sinombala ophuzi futhi ujuluka kakhulu. ILameness ivela ngemuva kokunqoba u-200-500 m.
- Isigaba 2b. Kulesi sigaba, kuboniswa izimpawu ezifanayo, kepha i-lameness yenzeka ngemuva kuka-50-200 m.
- Isigaba 3a. Ngaphezu kwezimpawu ezingenhla, kubuhlungu izinhlungu emilenzeni, okuqina ebusuku. Ukulimala emilenzeni engezansi nakho kungenzeka. Ukuzwa kanye nemizwa evuthayo izwakala esikhunjeni. Esikhundleni esiphakeme, ama-dermis ayaba mnyama, bese kuthi lapho kuhlala isikhathi eside noma kumi, iminwe ithola iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukoma ne-peithelium. I-Lameness ivela ngaphansi kwama-50 m.
- Isigaba 3b. Ubuhlungu emilenzeni bukhona ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze kuyavela. Imvamisa kunezimpawu zokulimala okukodwa noma eziningi ezinezimpawu ze-necrosis.
- 4 isigaba. Kulesi sigaba, iminwe noma lonke unyawo ziyafa. Lesi simo sibonisa ngobuthakathaka obujwayelekile kanye nokwanda kwezinkomba zokushisa. Lezi zimpawu zikhombisa ukutheleleka.
Ucwaningo lokuxilonga
Ukubona i-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela, ukuhlolwa kweziguli kuqala kwenziwa.
Udokotela kumele ahlaziye isithombe somtholampilo futhi aqinisekise imiphumela yezifundo ngesifo sikashukela.
Emva kwalokho, kunikezwe izifundo eziningi, ezenziwa ngokusebenzisa amadivaysi aphezulu:
- Magnetic resonance imaging. Ngosizo lwayo, kungenzeka ukuthi sihlaziye ukwakheka kwezicubu ezithambile. Inzuzo engenakuphikwa yenqubo ukungabikho kwemisebe. Noma kusetshenziswa njalo, lolu hlobo lwe-tomography alunangozi ngokuphelele esigulini.
- I-Tomography ehlanganisiwe. Le nqubo isiza ukubona ngeso lengqondo indawo yendawo ye-anomaly. Ngosizo lalolu cwaningo, izithombe ezinengxenye ezimbalwa zingenziwa ngasikhathi sinye.
- I-Angiography. Ukuze wenze inqubo, inkomba ingeniswa emzimbeni, ngosizo lwayo kwenziwa ama-x-ray. Basiza ekuboneni ubunikazi bemithambo yegazi kanye nejubane lokusabalalisa udayi kubo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound Ngosizo lwezifundo zeDoppler, kungenzeka ukunquma ithoni yezindonga ze-vascular futhi uhlole isimo sabo samanje. Esinyathelweni esilandelayo, iskena se-duplex siyasetshenziswa. Le nqubo isiza ukuhlola ngokunembile ukunyakaza kokuhamba kwegazi emzimbeni wonke.
- I-Fundusgraphy. Ngokusebenzisa lolu cwaningo, kungenzeka ukuthola isimo se-fundus yeso lomuntu. Njengomphumela wenqubo, ungathola isithombe lapho kubonakala khona izitsha zesitho sokubona. Ngenxa yalokhu, udokotela unethuba lokuhlonza ukwephulwa kule ndawo.
Izindlela zokwelapha zendabuko
Ukwelashwa kwe-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela kufanele kube okuphelele. Ukwelashwa kufaka izigaba eziningana ezidinga ukuqaliswa ngokucophelela kwezincomo zezokwelapha:
- Ukwenqaba imikhuba emibi - ukubhema nokuphuza;
- Ukulawulwa kwe-cholesterol ne-glucose;
- I-Normalization yesisindo somzimba;
- Ukuthengwa kwezicathulo ezikhethekile;
- Ukuhlelwa ngokweqile kwengcindezi;
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa okuvela esigabeni sama-vasodilators.
Kwesinye isikhathi akwenzeki ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Bypass, sympathectomy, noma ukungenelela kwe-intravascular kungenziwa ukuze kwenziwe ngcono isimo sesiguli.
Enye indlela yokwelapha i-lymphomodulation. Le nqubo isiza ukubhekana ne-edema yezicubu futhi ivuselele izinqubo ze-metabolic ezindaweni ezithintekile. Lokhu kuvumela ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo komoya-mpilo kanye nezakhi zomzimba.
Lapho kwenzeka i-retinopathy, kuboniswa i-Photocoagulation. Esimweni esinjalo, kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukubhebhetheka kwemithambo yegazi ngokusebenzisa i-point cauterization. Ngenxa yalokho okungenzeka kungasindisa umbono womuntu eminye iminyaka eyi-10-15.
Okubaluleke ngokufanayo ukuphathwa kwe-parabulbar kwama-corticosteroids. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphathwa kwe-intraventric kwama-ejenti okuvimbela ukwakhiwa kwe-vascular kwenziwa. Lokhu kufaka i-ranibizumab.
Ukwelashwa kwe-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela semikhawulo engezansi kufanele kufake lezo zakhi:
- Ukubuyiselwa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic;
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ukubuyisa ukulawulwa kwe-neurovascular, okusiza ukuqinisa izindonga ze-vascular kanye nokwenza kube lula ukuqina kwegazi;
- Ukulawulwa kwama-autoallergens nama-hormone we-contra-hormonal, esiza ukugwema ukwakheka kwawo okwandayo.
Ukulungisa i-metabolism ngokwejwayelekile, ukwelashwa kwe-angiopathy engezansi kwesifo sikashukela kufaka ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezisiza ukunciphisa i-glucose. Lesi sigaba sifaka ukulungiswa kwe-insulin okuhlala isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwezinto ezinjalo, kunqunywa amavithamini eqembu B no-P. Ngenxa yokusebenzisa kwabo, kungenzeka ukuthi i-metabolism ijwayelekile, iqinise imithambo yegazi futhi ijwayele ukuhamba kwegazi.
Ngokulimala kwemithambo, ama-anabolic steroid asiza kahle. Bafaka isandla ekuthini kube yi-protein metabolism futhi banciphise umsebenzi we-glucocorticoids. Futhi, ama-ejenti asetshenziswa athuthukisa ukutholakala kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi nokwenza ngcono ukubuyiselwa kwemithambo yegazi.
Ngaphezu kokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa, ukwelashwa kwe-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela ephansi kufaka i-electrophoresis nge-novocaine ne-heparin. Okubaluleke ngokufanayo ukubhucungwa kanye nokwenza imisebenzi ekhethekile yokuzivocavoca umzimba.
Ngokwakheka kwezilonda ezinamaqhuqhuva, kunikezwa ukwelashwa kwendawo. Kuqukethe ukusetshenziswa kwembatho ye-antiseptic. Futhi, i-insulin ne-Vishnevsky ointment zivame ukusetshenziswa. Esikhundleni segazi kuphathwa ngaphakathi. Ukwelashwa kwe-angiopathy yamaphethelo aphansi ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kungahlanganisa ukugcwala kwendawo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kube nokujwayelekile ukuhamba kwegazi kwizicubu ezithintekile.
Uma ungabonisi udokotela ngokushesha, kunobungozi be-gangrene. Kulesi simo, i-angiopathy yemikhawulo ephansi yesifo sikashukela iphathwa ngokuqunjelwa kozwane oluthintekile noma wonke umlenze. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, isiguli singase siqale ukusebenzisa i-prosthesis.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
Ngaphezu kokwelashwa kwendabuko, izindlela zokupheka ezisebenzayo zingasetshenziswa. Kaningi kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa ukwakheka okunjalo:
- Amathiya;
- Amabheshu;
- Izingcindezi;
- I-infusions.
Isithako esiyinhloko sale mikhiqizo yisitshalo, esinomthelela ekuphilisweni komzimba. Amakhambi anconyelwa ukukhethwa ngokuya ngezinkinga ezikhona:
- Izitshalo ezinjenge-Eleutherococcus, Ginseng, Leuzea zinomphumela wokuqinisa ngokujwayelekile;
- Ukunciphisa amazinga kashukela, ungasebenzisa i-birch, i-cornflower, ihhashi;
- INettle, i-clover, i-elecampane inemiphumela ye-insulin ne-hormone;
- Gqugquzela ukungasebenzi kwe-lingonberry, umlotha wasentabeni, i-rose rose;
- Ukunciphisa isidingo se-insulin, i-pearl, ihalananda, i-chicory kufanelekile;
- Ukulungisa umzimba ngendlela ejwayelekile, ungasebenzisa i-linden, i-blueberries, i-wort yase-St;
- Ujinja, izinhlamba zommbila, i-arnica esezintabeni zinomphumela ovusa i-insulin.
Ukuthola imiphumela oyifunayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunamathela ngokuqinile kwiresiphi. Ukuthola umphumela owuthandayo, kufanelekile ukulandela imithetho ethile:
- Uma kunezimpawu zokungabekezeleli umuthi, ukusetshenziswa kwawo kufanele kulahlwe;
- Izitshalo zokwenziwa kwemithi zinconywa ukuthenga ekhemisi;
- Bheka impilo yeshalofu yezinto zokusetshenziswa;
- Landela izincomo zokugcinwa kwezitshalo zokwelapha.
Izinkinga
Ezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme ze-angiopathy, kunengozi yemiphumela eyingozi. Lokhu kufaka lokhu okulandelayo:
- Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo;
- I-gangrene enkulu;
- Ukulahleka ngokuphelele kombono;
- Isidingo sokunqunywa kwemilenze;
- Ithishu necrosis.
Isimo sezulu
Ngokulashwa okufanele kwe-angiopathy yemikhumbi emaphethelweni aphansi onesifo sikashukela, i-gangrene yonyawo ingagwenywa. Uma wephula izincomo zokwelashwa, kuma-90% eziguli lokhu kuhlangana kuvela phakathi kweminyaka eyi-5. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe i-10-15% yabantu ibulawa ubuthi begazi ngemikhiqizo enobuthi ye-necrosis. Iziguli ezisele zihlala zikhubazekile.
Ukuvimbela
Okokuqala, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele zibambe iqhaza ekuvimbeleni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, landela lezi zincomo:
Namathela ngokuqinile kwimiyalelo yezokwelashwa;- Ukuphatha i-insulin ngokuhlelekile futhi usebenzise neminye imishanguzo yesifo sikashukela;
- Yenza ngokwejwayelekile isisindo somzimba;
- Sungula ukudla okufanele.
Namathela ngokuqinile kwimiyalelo yezokwelashwa;Ebusweni bezimpawu ze-angiopathy, ukuvimbela kuhloselwe ukuvimbela izinkinga. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukunquma njalo ukubonwa kwegazi nokuqina kwalo. Okubaluleke ngokufanayo ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol. Ngokwemiphumela yalolu cwaningo, kungenzeka ukuthi uguqule indlela odla ngayo.
Ukusebenza ngokomzimba kusekela umzimba usesimweni esihle futhi kuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwegazi. Kodwa-ke, kumele babe ngokulinganisela. Ukucindezela okwandayo kungadala ukuhlaselwa kwe-angina. Amathuba okuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo noma unhlangothi nawo aphezulu.
Ukuvimbela izinkinga eziyingozi, kuyadingeka ukuthi uvakashele njalo udokotela wezokwelapha, i-endocrinologist kanye ne-ophthalmologist. Lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nengozi yokuthola ama-pathologies ama-vascular tata.
Manje uyazi ukuthi yini i-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela. Lesi simo sigcwala imiphumela emibi yempilo. Ukuze ugweme izinkinga, udinga ukubheka isimo sakho bese unamathela ezincomweni zikadokotela.
