Izinkomba ze-hemoglobin esegazini zithinta isimo sempilo yabantu, izinga lokusebenza kwayo.
Lapho kuxoxiswana isikhathi eside kwe-hemoglobin nge-glucose, kwenziwa isakhi, okubizwa ngokuthi yi-glycated hemoglobin. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi okujwayelekile kwayo kungeqi izinkomba ezisunguliwe.
Ngemuva kwakho konke, inani laso likuvumela ukuthi unqume inani eliqondile le-glucose egazini. Ngakho-ke, umphumela wokuhlaziywa kwe-glycated hemoglobin iyinkomba ebalulekile. Kumele kubhekwe uma kubangwa abashukela.
Izinga le-glycated hemoglobin emadodeni ngeminyaka
Ukunquma izinga le-hemoglobin egazini, isiguli kufanele sidlule ukuhlaziya okukhethekile.
Izinto ezibonakalayo kuleli cala ziyaphenywa ezimweni zelebhu. Uma isiguli sinesifo sezitho zangaphakathi, lezi zinkomba zingadluliswa noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zinganakwa.
Imvelo ye-glycated hemoglobin kubamele ubulili obunamandla isuka kumagremu ayi-135 ilitha ngalinye. Kodwa-ke, inkomba enembe kunazo zonke iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngeminyaka yendoda.
Ithebula lemigomo ye-HbA1c emadodeni ngeminyaka yobudala:
| Iminyaka | Isikhombi |
| kuze kube iminyaka engama-30 | 4,5-5,5% |
| kufika eminyakeni engama-50 | kuze kufike ku-6.5% |
| ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 | 7% |
Ochwepheshe banesiqiniseko sokuthi ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40, wonke amadoda kufanele athathe isivivinyo sokuhlushwa kwe-glucose egazini. Iqiniso ngukuthi kule minyaka, amadoda amaningi anesisindo ngokweqile.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi yimbangela yesifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukutholakala kokugula kusheshe kutholakale, ukwelashwa kwako kuphumelela kakhudlwana.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlaziywa kwe-classical biochemical, ucwaningo nge-HbA1c lunezinzuzo eziningi, ezilandelayo:
- isimo somzwelo noma somzimba sesiguli asithinti ukunemba kwemiphumela;
- ukuhlaziywa kungathathwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku, ngisho nangemva kokudla. Kodwa-ke, esiswini esingenalutho, imiphumela enembile kakhulu izotholwa;
- kuyindlela le ekuvumela ukuthi ukhombe izigaba zokuqala zesifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke, isenzo siyadingeka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi, isiguli ngeke senqabele ukuthatha imishanguzo edingekayo ephuzwa njalo. Lezi zinto zibonisa ukuthi ukuhlaziywa okunjalo akudingi ukulungiswa okukhethekile.
Inqubo yokusampula yegazi ayinabuhlungu ngokuphelele. Njengomthetho, impahla ithathwa emthanjeni. Inqubo ithatha imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kwengama-10.
Yiziphi izinkomba ezibhekwa njengejwayelekile kwesifo sikashukela?
Uma isiguli ngesikhathi sokufunda sithola inani elikhulu kakhulu le-hemoglobin ye-glycated, le nkomba kufanele iqashelwe ngokucophelela.Uma inkomba isezingeni le-5.7-6%, lokhu kukhombisa ubungozi obuncane bokuthola isifo sikashukela. Ukulawulwa kwale nkomba kufanele kwenziwe okungenani izikhathi ezingama-1-3 ngonyaka.
Inkomba efinyelela ku-6.5% ikhombisa ukuthi amathuba okuthola isifo sikashukela ayanda.
Kulokhu, udinga ukunamathela ekudleni. Kusho ukusetshenziswa kwenani lama-carbohydrate. Ekuqaleni kokulashwa kwesifo sikashukela, inkomba kufanele ihlolwe njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3.
Isifo sikashukela esinezinga le-HbA1c elingeqi kuma-7% isikhathi eside singavivinywa njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Lokhu kwanele ukukhomba ukuphambuka ngesikhathi futhi wenze ushintsho oludingekayo ohlelweni lokwelashwa.
Kuyini ukuphambuka okuyingozi kwenkomba kusuka kokujwayelekile?
Ukuhlaziywa kuhloswe ukuthola inkomba eqondile. Ingahambisana nokujwayelekile noma kube ngaphezulu, ngaphansi kwenani elifanele.
Kumuntu ophile kahle, ukwanda kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kuyingozi enkulu engozini yokuba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 noma uhlobo 2.
Ngakho-ke, uma udokotela esola ukuthi kunamathuba aphezulu okuthola lesi sifo, isiguli kufanele siphumelele. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni, udokotela wenza isiphetho futhi, uma kunesidingo, wenza irejimeni yokwelashwa efanelekile.
Khulisa
Esimweni lapho umphumela wokuhlaziywa kukhombisa ukwanda kwezinga le-HbA1c isikhathi esibalulekile, udokotela uthola isifo sikashukela i-mellitus. Njengoba wazi, ukugula okunjalo kudinga ukwelashwa okuphoqelekile nokunekhono, kanye nokuhambisana nemiyalo kadokotela, ukudla okuqinile.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinga eliphakeme le-hemoglobin ye-glycated kude kakhulu luphawu lwesifo sikashukela.
Isikhombi esandisiwe singenzeka emacaleni alandelayo:
- ngokwehluleka kwezinso;
- uma ukudakwa komzimba;
- ngemuva kokuhlinzwa (ikakhulukazi kaningi lapho ususa i-spleen).
Uma isiguli ngemuva kokudlula lokhu kuhlaziya kukhona ukwanda okuncane kwesikhombisi, kuyadingeka ukuqhuba njalo lolu hlobo lokuhlolwa ngokuzayo.
Ukuhlisela phansi
Kwezinye izimo, iziguli zinezinga elincane kakhulu le-HbA1c egazini.
Amazinga aphansi we-HbA1c abonwa ngalezi zizathu ezilandelayo:
- Ngosuku olwandulela ukumpontshelwa igazi;
- isiguli siba nesifo se-hemolytic;
- kube nokulahleka okukhulu kwegazi ngenxa yokuhlinzwa, ukulimala okukhulu.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, owesilisa uzonikezwa ukunakekelwa okukhethekile okusekela. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, le nkomba ibuyela kwesejwayelekile.
Uma izinkomba zingaphansi kwezinga elilungile, ukukhathala okusheshayo, kanye nombono owohloka ngokushesha, kungenzeka.
Ukwanda kokucabanga kwezilonda ezithathelwanayo kungenye uphawu olungabangelwa ukwehla kwesikhombisi esibalulekile (esiyingozi empilweni ejwayelekile).
Isikhathi esiningi sokumiswa kokuhlaziywa akufuneki. Ochwepheshe abanolwazi bathi ezinye izizathu zithinta imiphumela yokuhlaziywa kukashukela glycated.
Lokhu kungafaka isiguli esikhuluphele, kanye nobudala bakhe, ukwanda kokuzivocavoca komzimba.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana nokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kuvidiyo:
Ukuhlolwa kwezinga eliqondile le-hemoglobin ye-glycated kunconyelwa ezindaweni zokucwaninga ezinegama elihle. Akuyona yonke imitholampilo yombuso enemishini edingekayo ukuze kwenziwe ucwaningo olunembile.
Njengomthetho, imiphumela isilungile ngezinsuku ezi-3. Ukuwohloka kwemininingwane etholakele kufanele kwenziwe ngudokotela onolwazi. Kulokhu, ukuzihlola nokwelashwa akwemukeleki.
