Iziguli ezitholakala nesifo sikashukela i-mellitus zisabela ngendlela ehlukile kulezi "zindaba" ezinjalo. Abanye bawe ukwethuka, abanye bayeka izimo zabo futhi bazame ukujwayela indlela entsha yokuphila ngokushesha okukhulu. Kepha kunoma yikuphi, wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela unesifiso ezintweni ezintsha, ongasisebenzisa uma ungaqedi lesi sifo ngokuphelele, bese eyeka izinqubo zesifo sikashukela isikhathi eside.
Ngeshwa, azikho izindlela zokwelapha ushukela ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi, lapho usuhlolile izindlela ezithile zokwelapha ezintsha, uzozizwa ungcono kakhulu.
Izindaba Zomhlaba on Type 1 Diabetes
Njengoba wazi, thayipha isifo sikashukela esingu-1 sikhula ngenxa yokulahleka kwamaseli wamanyikwe wokukhiqiza i-insulin.
Isifo esinjalo sisho izimpawu kanye nentuthuko esheshayo.
Ngokungeziwe kusengaphambili ifa, izici ezibangela ushukela onjalo kungaba isifo esithathelwanayo, ukungezwani kwemizwa njalo, ukungasebenzi kahle kwamasosha omzimba nabanye.
Phambilini, ukuhlaselwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 kungavinjelwa kuphela ngosizo lomjovo we-insulin. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwenziwa impumelelo kule ndawo.
Manje isifo sikashukela esingu-1 singalashwa ngezindlela ezintsha, ezisuselwa ekusetshenzisweni kwamaseli wesibindi aguquliwe kanye nekhono lazo lokukhiqiza i-insulin ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.
I-Insulin Yaphakade - Ukwephulwa Okulindelwe Kakhulu
Njengoba wazi, i-insulin yesimanje, esetshenziswa ngabanesifo sikashukela, yesikhathi eside, inomthelela ekwehliseni kancane kancane kwamazinga kashukela, futhi iyashesha.
Ukuze uzinze kahle, iziguli zisebenzisa zombili lezi zinhlobo zemithi. Kodwa-ke, inhlanganisela enamakhono yezinketho ezifakiwe zo muthi ayikuvumeli ukuthola umphumela omude impela.
Ngakho-ke, iminyaka eminingi, i-insulin eqhubekayo yayihlala iyiphupho labashukela. Muva nje, ososayensi bakwazile ukwenza umehluko.
Vele, lokhu akuyona insulin yaphakade, okusho ukuphathwa okukodwa komuthi. Kepha noma kunjalo, le ndlela isivele isisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuya phambili. Sikhuluma nge-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside, eyasungulwa ososayensi baseMelika.
Umphumela wesikhathi eside utholakala ngenxa yokuba khona kwezithasiselo ze-polymer ekwakhiweni komkhiqizo, okuvumela ukuhlinzeka ngomzimba nge-hormone GLP-1 edingekile esimweni esiphilile ngomyalo wobukhulu obude.
Ukufakelwa kwamafutha ansundu
Ososayensi bebelokhu behlola le ndlela isikhathi eside, kodwa muva nje kuphela ochwepheshe abakwazile ukufakazela ukuthi bayasizakala.Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa emacwecweni aselebhu, futhi ukusebenza kwawo kusobala.
Ngemuva kwenqubo yokufakelwa, izinga le-glucose emzimbeni lehle futhi alizange likhuphuke ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi.
Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba wawungasadingi imithamo ephezulu ye-insulin.
Ukuguqulwa kwamaseli we-stem abe amaseli we-beta
Odokotela bakwazile ukufakazela ukuthi ukuqala kwenqubo yesifo sikashukela kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba eqala ukwenqaba amaseli e-beta abhekene nokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kumanyikwe.
Kodwa-ke, muva nje, ososayensi bakwazile ukuthola amanye amaseli we-beta emzimbeni, okuthi, ngokusho kochwepheshe, uma kusetshenziswe kahle, kungaguqula ngokuphelele i-analogue enqatshelwe ukungatheleleki.
Ezinye izinto ezintsha
Kukhona okunye futhi okuthuthukile okuhlose ukulwa nesifo sikashukela.
Enye yezindlela eziholayo, ezingochwepheshe okwamanje ezinaka kakhulu, ukuthola amaseli amasha e-pancreatic esebenzisa ubuciko be-3D bokuphrinta kwezicubu ezintsha.
Ngaphezu kwendlela eshiwo ngenhla, ukuthuthukiswa kososayensi base-Australia nakho kufanele ukunakwa okukhethekile. Bathole ukuba khona kwe-hormone i-GLP-1, ebhekele ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, ubuthi be-echidna ne-platypus.
Ngokusho kososayensi, ezilwaneni, isenzo saleli hormone sidlula kude umuntu esiphikisana naye ngokuqina. Ngenxa yalezi zimpawu, into ekhishwe enobuthi bezilwane ingasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ekwakheni umuthi omusha we-antidiabetes.
Kusha ku-Type 2 Diabetes
Uma sikhuluma ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, isizathu sokuthuthuka kwe-pathology enjalo ukulahleka kwekhono lokusebenzisa i-insulin ngamangqamuzana, ngenxa yalokho okungaphezu kwamandla ushukela kuphela, kodwa futhi ne-hormone ngokwayo inganqwabelana emzimbeni.
Ngokusho kodokotela, isizathu esiyinhloko sokuntuleka kwezwela womzimba ukuthola i-insulin ukunqwabelana kwama-lipids esibindini nesibindi semisipha.
Kulokhu, inqwaba yoshukela ihlala egazini. Isifo sikashukela esinesifo sohlobo lwesibili sisebenzisa imijovo ye-insulin kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngabo, ososayensi bakha izindlela ezihlukile zokususa imbangela ye-pathology.
Indlela yokuhlukaniswa kwe-Mitochondrial
Indlela isuselwe esahlulelweni sokuthi isizathu esiyinhloko sokwakhiwa kwe-pathology ukuqoqwa kwama-lipids emisipha kanye namaseli wesibindi.
Kulokhu, ososayensi baqhube ukususwa kwamafutha omzimba ngokweqile ezicutshini besebenzisa ukulungiswa okuguquliwe (enye yezindlela ze-FDA). Njengomphumela wokwehla kwe-lipid, iseli libuyisela amandla okubona i-insulin.
Njengamanje, umuthi uvivinywa ngempumelelo kwizilwane ezincelisayo. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi kumuntu kuzoba wusizo, kusebenza futhi uphephe.
Ama-Incretins - ingqophamlando entsha kwezokwelapha
Ama-incretin angama-hormone akhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin. Ukuphuza imithi yaleli qembu kusiza ukwehlisa amazinga kashukela egazi, ukuqinisa isisindo, izinguquko ezinhle enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi.
I-Glitazones
I-Glitazones yimithi emisha eyenzelwe ukukhulisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana ukuya ku-insulin.
Amathebulethi athathwa ngesikhathi sokudla futhi ahlanzwa ngamanzi. Ngaphandle kokuthi i-Glitazones inikeza umphumela omuhle, akunakwenzeka ukwelapha ushukela usebenzisa amaphilisi anjalo.
Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa njalo kwezidakamizwa kuleli qembu kufaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela emibi: i-edema, ukuqina kwethambo, inzuzo yesisindo.
Amaseli we-stem
Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela, ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo ngokuqeda i-cellology kungasaphumelela lapho kulwelwa isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Le nqubo ifaka izinyathelo ezimbili. Okokuqala, isiguli siya emtholampilo, lapho sithatha khona inani elidingekayo lezinto eziphilayo (igazi noma i-cerebrospinal fluid).
Okulandelayo, amaseli athathwa engxenyeni ethathiwe futhi asakazeka, andisa inani lawo cishe amahlandla ama-4. Ngemuva kwalokho, amangqamuzana asanda kukhula angeniswa emzimbeni, lapho aqala ukugcwalisa isikhala esonakalisiwe sezicubu.
I-Magnetotherapy
Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 singalashwa nge-magnetotherapy. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa insiza ekhethekile ekhipha amaza kazibuthe.
Imisebe ithinta kahle umsebenzi wezitho zangaphakathi nezinhlelo (kulokhu, imithambo yegazi nenhliziyo).
Ngaphansi kwethonya lamaza kazibuthe kukhona ukwanda kokujikeleza kwegazi, kanye nokuzicebisa kwalo ngomoya-mpilo. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinga likashukela ngaphansi kwethonya lamagagasi wezinto zokusebenza liyancipha.
Izidakamizwa zesimanje ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi
Izidakamizwa zesimanje okuhloswe ngazo ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi zifaka iMetformin noma i-Dimethyl Biguanide.
Amathebhulethi e-Metformin
Umuthi usiza ukunciphisa ushukela wegazi, ukwandisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana ukufaka i-insulin, kanye nokunciphisa ukumuncwa koshukela esiswini futhi kusheshise i-oxidation yamafutha acid.
Ngokuhlanganiswa ne-ejenti engenhla, iGlazazone, insulin ne-sulfonylureas nayo ingasetshenziswa.
Ukutholwa kwakamuva kokuvimbela izifo
Okunye kokutholwayo okuvumela hhayi kuphela ukulwa ne-hyperglycemia, kepha futhi ukuvikela ukuqala kwalesi sifo, ukususwa kwama-lipids kumaseli wesibindi nezicubu zemisipha.Yize kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuqamba, indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokugcina impilo ukulandela indlela odla ngayo.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukukhohlwa ngokuyeka imikhuba emibi nokuhlolwa kwegazi njalo koshukela esimweni sokuthola ifa lesifo sikashukela.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana nezindlela ezintsha zokwelapha uhlobo 1 nohlobo 2 sikashukela kuvidiyo:
Uma kutholakale ukuthi unesifo sikashukela, futhi ufuna ukuzama enye yezindlela ezintsha zokwelashwa ngokwakho, yazisa udokotela wakho. Kungenzeka ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zokwelapha zizosiza ekutholeni umphumela oyifunayo futhi ususe ukuhlaselwa kwe-hyperglycemia isikhathi eside.
