Isifo sikashukela yi-endocrine pathology ebonakala yi-glycemia ephezulu ye-plasma ephezulu ngenxa yokuncipha noma ukunqanyulwa ngokuphelele kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ye-hormone yi-pancreas.
Lesi sifo sifaka imiphumela emibi eminingi: ukwehluleka kwezinso, ukunqunywa kwemikhawulo ngenxa yokuqalwa kwesihlava, ukulahleka kombono.
Kubalulekile ukukhomba lesi sifo ngesikhathi sokuqala ukuze kuvikeleke ukukhula kwesifo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwazi izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela.
Izimbangela zesifo
Indima enkulu ekwakhiweni kwe-endocrine pathology idlalwa yi-genetics. Imvamisa isifo sikashukela sitholakala njengefa. Izakhi zofuzo ezikhonjwe kahle ezikhulisa ukubonwa komuntu kulesi sifo. Ngokuhlanganiswa kwabo okuthile, ubungozi bokwephulwa kukhuphuka kakhulu.
Uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela luvela futhi ngemuva kwesizinda sokudla okunobuthi, i-autoimmune thyroiditis kanye ne-rheumatoid arthritis. Uhlobo lwesibili lwesifo lucasulwa i-enterovirus, cytomegalovirus, irubella, iCoxsackie, kanye nama-mumps.
Izici zobungozi zibandakanya:
- ukondliwa okungafanele (umlutha kumaswidi noma okunamafutha, ukudla ngokweqile);
- izifo ezingamahlalakhona zesibindi, ama-pancreas;
- ukukhuluphala
- ubudala
- i-polycystic ovary syndrome;
- indlela yokuphila engasebenzi;
- isifo sokuqina kwamathambo esibi;
- ukucindezeleka okungapheli;
- ukuthatha i-thiazide diuretics, ama-hormone e-steroid, izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo;
- umlando wehypertension, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, noma unhlangothi.
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 esigabeni sokuqala
Lapho usanda kuqala ukukhula kwe-endocrine pathology, ungabona izinguquko ezilandelayo enhlalakahleni:
- ukubonakala komile kakhulu. Isibonakaliso sesifo sikashukela. Ngokugcwala okukhulu koshukela, igazi liba mnene. Umzimba uzama ukuthoba iplasma futhi unikeze isibonakaliso sokuthi kubalulekile ukuphuza amanzi;
- ukuchama njalo. Isimpawu esinjalo singenzeka ngenxa yomthamo omkhulu wetshezi oludakayo;
- ukulahlekelwa izinwele. Imetabolism emibi ithinta isimo sama-curls: imichilo iba mncane, iqale ukukhula kancane futhi ibe buthaka;
- ukozela Kuchazwa ukwephulwa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic. Umuntu uzizwa ekhathala njalo phakathi nosuku;
- ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla. Ngifuna kakhulu amaswidi;
- ukunciphisa isisindo;
- ukubonakala kwephunga le-acetone;
- ukuphulukiswa okungafanele kwamanxeba nokuhlukumezeka. Ngisho nokuklanywa okuncane kuyavutha futhi kube mnandi;
- ukungaboni kahle I-lens ingaphansi kwethonya elibi lesamba esikhulu se-glucose;
- umuzwa wokusinda ezingalweni nasemilenzeni;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo:
- ukungaphatheki kahle.
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kwabesifazane nabesilisa
Isifo sikashukela sefomu lesibili kwesinye isikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi sifihliwe. Kutholakala kaningi kubantu abadala abanefa elibi nokukhuluphala.
Lesi sifo ingaqala ngezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukuphulukiswa kwenxeba okumpofu;
- isikhumba esikhanyayo;
- ukuzindla nokuqina kokuqina kwemilenze;
- umlomo owomile njalo.
Ukwazi izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, ucubungula inhlala-kahle yakho, kulula ukubona lesi sifo ekuqaleni futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology.
Izimpawu zemitholampilo zesifo sikashukela esingelapheki enganeni
Ezinganeni, izingane ezincane kanye nentsha enesifo se-insulin, lesi sifo siqhubeka ngokushesha (emavikini ambalwa).
Abazali kufanele babhalele ingane yabo udokotela uma enezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukuchama njalo, ikakhulukazi ebusuku;
- ukoma
- isifiso esinamandla samaswidi;
- ukwehla kwesisindo okungazelelwe;
- ukonakala kwempilo ngemuva kokudla;
- iphunga le-acetone elisuka emgodini womlomo;
- ukujuluka ngokweqile;
- ubuqili.
Kulula ukuqonda ukuthi ingane inesifo sikashukela. Into emqoka ukuthi ungavali amehlo akho ezinguquko ezivele esimweni somzimba, kodwa ukuya emtholampilo.
Ukubonakaliswa okuyinhloko kwesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Abanye besifazane baba nezimpawu zesifo sikashukela i-mellitus ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lesi sifo senzeka ngenxa yokuthi emzimbeni okhulelwe kwenzeka ushintsho olukhulu, umthwalo kumakhansebeni uyanda.
Ukuboniswa okulandelayo kuyimpawu:
- ukukhuphuka kwevolumu yomchamo nsuku zonke;
- ukoma
- ukuchama njalo;
- ukuncipha kokusebenza;
- isifiso esinamandla;
- izilonda zesikhumba fungal;
- ukuluma ku-perineum;
- ukungahambi kahle;
- ubuhlungu endaweni yenhliziyo, emisipha yamathole;
- i-migraine
Ukuhlaziya nezinye izindlela zokuxilonga
Izindlela ezisetshenziselwa elebhu kanye nezinsimbi ezisetshenziselwa ukuthola isifo sikashukela. Eyokuqala ifaka:
- ukuvivinya ushukela;
- ukutadisha okujwayelekile komchamo;
- ukuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated;
- Ukuhlaziywa kwe-glucose plasma.
Ukuthola ushukela wegazi uvivinyo oluvame kakhulu. Kwenze esiswini esingenalutho.
Inquma ukuhlangana koshukela ku-plasma. Inkomba ejwayelekile ihluka kusuka ku-3.3 kuya ku-5.5 mmol / L. Uma umphumela ungaphezulu kokujwayelekile, lapho-ke kwenziwa isivivinyo sokubekezelela i-glucose: nikeza isiguli ingilazi yamanzi amnandi bese kuthi ngemuva kwamahora amabili ubheke okuqukethwe ushukela.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated ikuvumela ukuthola isifo ekuqaleni kwentuthuko. Kwembula indlela ekhethekile yamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, axhunyaniswe ngokungalingani nama-molecule woshukela.
Ukuhlaziywa komchamo kusetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwaso nokuthola ubukhulu besifo.
Izindlela ezisetshenziswayo:
- I-Ultrasound yezitho zesisu;
- i-electrocardiography;
- ukuhlolwa kwe-fundus.
Ungaselapha kanjani lesi sifo?
Akunakwenzeka ukwelapha ushukela ngokuphelele. Kepha kungenzeka ukugcina isimo sempilo ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ejwayelekile, ukuvimbela futhi kuvimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa umuthi, izindlela zokupheka zabantu kanye nokwelashwa kokudla.
Imithi
Uma i-pathology ingalashwa, umuntu uzoba mubi nsuku zonke, angawela enkingeni yesifo sikashukela afe.
Ukuze ususe izimpawu ze-hyperglycemia futhi uzinze ushukela ezingeni elijwayelekile, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ezilandelayo:
- ezenza amaseli womzimba athambekele kakhulu kwi-insulin (thiazolidinediones: Pioglitazone, Avandia, biguanides: Glucofage, Siofor and Metformin);
- evusa ama-pancreas ukukhiqiza i-insulin ethe xaxa (meglitinides Nateglinide neRepaglinide, sulfonylurea Glycvidone, Glyclazide neGlipizide);
- ngomsebenzi we-incretin (i-glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: Exenatide, Lyraglutide, DPP-4 inhibitors: Sitagliptin noVildagliptin);
- ukuvimba ukumunca ushukela emgodini wokugaya ukudla (i-alpha-glucosidase inhibitors: acarbose).
Ukudla kwabanesifo sikashukela
Esimweni se-prediabetes, kwesinye isikhathi kwanele ukubukeza lokhu kudla ukuze ugweme ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology.
Ngokuvimbela nokwelashwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela, udinga ukunamathela ekudleni okukhethekile.
Uhlelo lokudla okunempilo kumele lwenziwe ngudokotela, ngemuva kokufunda imiphumela yokuhlolwa, kucatshangelwa isisindo somzimba, indlela yokuphila, ubulili, ubudala besiguli. Inani elijwayelekile lamafutha, amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, amakhalori, izakhi zokulandela kanye namavithamini kubalwa.
Imenyu kufanele ibe nemikhiqizo yobisi neyenyama, izithelo nemifino. Lapho kutholakala ukuthi unesifo sikashukela, ushukela awukhishwe ngokuphelele ekudleni. Kuvunyelwe ukudla okusanhlamvu (i-buckwheat, i-oat, ibhali leparele), ubhontshisi, ama-apula, amapomegranate, ama-blueberries, amantongomane namantongomane zikaphayini, isinkwa esinsundu, i-sunflower noma ibhotela.
Ikofi, ushokoledi, muffin, inyama ebhemayo, i-confectionery, ukhukhamba, izitsha ezi-spicy, ubhanana, upelepele, amagilebhisi kanye nesinaphi kuvinjelwe.
Amakhambi esintu
Kunezindlela zokupheka ezihlukile zomuthi wendabuko wesifo sikashukela. Okusebenzayo kakhulu kubo:
- isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi ngoshukela. Gaya izimpande zelendele ngenani lama-gramu ayi-500 ngama-lemons ayisithupha. Bilisa le ngxube amahora ambalwa nesiqandisini. Thatha isigamu sehora ngaphambi kokudla kwasekuseni isipuni kwisifundo seminyaka emibili;
- ulamula ngegalikhi neparsley. Hlanganisa i-zest yelamula (amagremu ayi-100) nezimpande ze-parsley ezisikiwe (amagremu angama-300) no-kaphalaji (amagremu angama-300). Beka amasonto amabili endaweni epholile. Thatha kathathu ngosuku ngaphambi kokudla isipuni;
- umuthi we-linden. Kunconywa ukwenziwa kanye nokuphuza ukumnika kwe-linden eziqhakazayo esikhundleni setiye;
- amaqanda nelamula. Cindezela ujusi kusuka kulamula owodwa bese ufaka iqanda elingavuthiwe kuyo. Kusho ukuphuza izinsuku ezintathu ngehora ngaphambi kokudla.
Kungenzeka yini ukugwema lesi sifo ekuqaleni kokukhula kwaso?
Uma umuntu esethole isimo se-prediabetesic, lesi sifo singavikeleka ngokulandela isidlo nokugcina impilo esebenzayo.Lokhu kufakazelwa ososayensi bokucwaninga. Kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kwe-DPP.
Iziguli ezatholakala zinesifo se-prediabetes zazibamba iqhaza kuyo. Ngaphansi kokuqondiswa ngumqeqeshi wokuqina kwezempilo kanye nezazi zezempilo, abantu baphila iminyaka emine.
Ngenxa yalokho, kwatholakala ukuthi wonke umuntu wayenengozi ephansi engama-58% yokuthola isifo sikashukela. Lapho nje isivivinyo sesiphelile, ababambiqhaza bayeka ukudla kahle nokudlala ezemidlalo. Ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa, izingozi zokuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine zabuya.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana nezimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela kuvidiyo:
Ngakho-ke, inani labantu abanesifo sikashukela kanye nabantu abanezinkinga zalesi sifo likhula ngokuqinile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iziguli ziphendukela kudokotela osesesimweni esibucayi.
Kubalulekile ukulalelisisa impilo yakho nokwazi izimpawu zikashukela. Ukwelashwa nokudla okuqaliwe okufike ngesikhathi kuphela okuzosiza ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology, imiphumela yako.
