Ukunciphisa inani loshukela egazini elingaphansi kuka-3 mmol / l kwezokwelapha kubizwa ngokuthi yi-hypoglycemia.
Lesi simo se-pathological siyingozi kakhulu ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile komzimba womuntu, ngoba singavusa ukuthuthukiswa kwezixakaxaka eziningi nezimo zomngcele, ikakhulukazi, i-hypoglycemic coma.
I-Pathogenesis kanye ne-mechanism yezehlakalo
Njengoba wazi, umkhuba kashukela wegazi ngu-3.3-5.5 mmol / L.
Uma le nkomba incipha, kungumkhuba ukukhuluma ngesimo se-hypoglycemic, esihambisana nenani elikhulu lezimpawu ze-pathological futhi kungadala ukungaboni kahle ngayo yonke imiphumela yako.
Ngemuva kokuthi umuntu ephethe ukudla kwe-carbohydrate, kukhishwa ushukela emzimbeni wakhe ngama-enzyme. Le nto elula, njengomthetho, inqwabelana ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba futhi ifakwa ngisho nediphozi lesibindi ngendlela ye-glycogen.
IGlucose ngophethiloli othize kuwo wonke amaseli omzimba womuntu, abasiza ukuba baphile futhi bakhule ngendlela ejwayelekile. Umzimba uphendula ngokushesha ngokwanda kwe-glucose yegazi futhi uhlanganise i-insulin ye-pancreatic hormone.
Le nto esebenza ngokusebenza kwebhayoloji isiza ukusebenzisa ushukela omningi futhi isiza ukugcina ukulingana kwayo. Kepha siyini isizathu sokwehla okukhulu kweglucose?
I-Hypoglycemia ivame ukuvela ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 ezixhomekeke kumijovo ye-insulin.
Imvamisa, umuntu onesifo sikashukela ngenxa yokungakhathaleli kwakhe nokunganaki kweseluleko se-endocrinologist uzilimaza ngemithamo engalungile ye-insulin, okuvusa ukwehla okukhulu ushukela wegazi nokukhula kwezimpawu ezihambisana nakho.
Izizathu ezingenzeka
I-etiology ye-hypoglycemia ifaka izimbangela zezomzimba nezokugula zesifo sesifo. Ukwehla ushukela wegazi kungaba kabusha futhi kutholakale, kuya ngobukhona beshukela kumuntu noma kwenzeke ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza kwakhe.
Ukweqisa izidakamizwa kungenye yezimbangela eziphambili zokwehla okubukhali koshukela kushukela
Phakathi kwezimbangela ezihambisana nesifo sikashukela, kukhona:
- ukweqa ukudla ohlelweni obekufanele lubuyisele ushukela emzimbeni;
- isidakamizwa se-insulin noma amaphilisi okwehlisa ushukela wegazi.
Kubantu abangenaso isifo sikashukela, i-hypoglycemia ingahlanganiswa nokuba khona kwezinye izinqubo ze-pathological, ikakhulukazi:
- ukomisa, lapho umzimba womuntu ulahlekelwa ushukela ngomchamo;
- Izifo zesibindi (i-hepatitis esebenzayo futhi yegciwane, i-cirrhosis), ephazamisa ukusebenza kwe-glucose metabolism;
- ukukhathala komzimba ngokulahleka kwazo zonke izitolo ze-glycogen;
- malabsorption wama-carbohydrate alula emgodini wokugaya ukudla;
- ukungakwaneli kwama-hormone afana ne-adrenaline, i-cortisol, i-glucagon, ethuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-glucose;
- i-alcohol syndrome, enomthelela ekuphazamiseni izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni futhi ithuthukise uphawu lokudakwa;
- izimo ze-septic, kufaka phakathi i-meningitis, i-encephalitis;
- isimila se-pancreas nesibindi;
- ukungakwaneli kwezitho zangaphakathi;
- ukungasebenzi kahle kohlelo okuphathelene ne-gluconeogenesis nokunye okunjalo.
Ukuvela kwe-hypoglycemia kungenzeka emacaleni amaningi lapho izici zomzimba ngokuphelele zingaba imbangela ye-malaise, okungukuthi:
- Ukudla okunomkhawulo obukhali wama-carbohydrate;
- ukungondleki okungenakulinganiswa nokungajwayelekile, kanye nendlala;
- uhlobo lokudla olunganele;
- ukucindezeleka okungapheli kanye nokuqina ngokomzwelo komuntu;
- ukwehla ngokomzimba emazingeni kashukela ezinsukwini zokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane;
- ukusebenza ngokomzimba okukhulu nokuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo;
- ukwehluleka kwe-hormonal okuhambisana nomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kanye ne-ovulation.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu ezinesimo se-hypoglycemia ziqala ukuvela lapho izinga loshukela egazini lehla ngaphansi kwesimo esivumelekile, okungukuthi: 2.8 mmol / l.
Lesi sifo singabonakala ngezindlela ezihlukile, ngakho-ke ukuze usole ukuthuthukiswa kwesimo se-pathological ngesikhathi, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ziyini ukubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo.
Isibonakaliso esibonakalayo se-hypoglycemia yi-neuroglycopenic syndrome, lapho sisebenza sihambisana nokuvela kwekhanda nesiyezi, ukudideka, ukubukeka kwesibindi nendlala, ukuhlangana okungahambi kahle kokunyakaza kanye nekhono lokugxila.
Kanye nalokhu, iziguli zitholakala ukuthi zinokuphazamiseka kwemvelo ngokuzimela, ukujuluka ngokweqile, ukufiphala kwesikhumba. Ebantwini abanjalo, ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nokwehla komfutho wegazi.
Ephusheni
Izimpawu eziphambili ze-noogurnal hypoglycemia yilezi:
- ukubonakala kwesikhumba esibandayo futhi esinamathele kusuka kumjuluko, ikakhulukazi entanyeni;
- ukulala okungenampilo nokuphumula;
- amaphupho amabi;
- ukuphefumula okungalingani.
I-Nocturnal hypoglycemia inqubo yokugula evame ukutholakala ezinganeni ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Ezigulini ezinjalo, ukugada ebusuku amazinga amazinga kashukela nokukhethwa ngokucophelela kwemithamo eyanele ye-insulin kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ezinganeni
Isici se-hypoglycemia ebuntwaneni isithombe esifanayo sasemtholampilo salesi sifo, noma ngabe ubucayi kanye nezimbangela zokukhula kwenqubo ye-pathological.
Ukwehla okukhulu ushukela wegazi enganeni kungahle kuhambisane nezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- i-malaise nobuthakathaka obujwayelekile;
- amakhaza;
- ukwethuka kwezandla nokuqina kwezingxenye zesifunda semilenze;
- ushintsho olubi esimweni sokuthuthuka kokukhula okukhulu;
- ukubonakala kwemizwa yokwesaba nokukhathazeka;
- indlala
- izihlalo ezikhululekile;
- cramp
- umjuluko obandayo, onamathelayo, ikakhulukazi entanyeni, entanyeni nasebunzini;
- isiyezi kungazelelwe kanye nokuhlangana okungahambi kahle kokunyakaza;
- ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo nokwanda komfutho wegazi;
- ukuthuthukiswa kokuphefumula komoya;
- i-pallor enzima yesikhumba;
- ukugabha ngemuva kokucanuzelelwa isikhashana, okuletha ukukhululeka.
Izinkinga
Uma umuntu evame ukuhlushwa i-hypoglycemia, noma ukuhlaselwa ukugula kunganakwa, khona-ke uba nezinkinga zesimo se-pathological, kufaka phakathi:
- i-retinopathy noma ukulimala kwemikhumbi ye-retina;
- angiopathy yemikhawulo ephansi;
- isifo se-myocardial;
- ukugula kwezinso;
- ukulimala emithanjeni yobuchopho.
Umphumela oyingozi kakhulu we-hypoglycemia ukushona kwamangqamuzana ezinqolobane, okuholela ekwehlulekeni okukhulu kokusebenza kwengqondo futhi kaningi kunezinye izinkinga ezidala ukufa kwesiguli.
Ukuxilonga
Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo kufaka izigaba eziningana, ezilandelayo:
- ukuqoqwa kwemininingwane yomlando wezokwelapha;
- ukuhlolwa kwezici zokuthuthuka kwezifo okungenzeka;
- ukuhlolwa kwenhloso kwesiguli;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi elebhu.
Qinisekisa iqiniso lokwehla kweshukela egazini kuvumela ukuhlaziywa kwalo kwamazinga kashukela. Kufanele kwenziwe ekuseni, ngaphambi kokuba umuntu abe nesikhathi sokudla kwasekuseni.
Ngidinga ukubona nini udokotela?
Iziguli ezisengozini ye-hypoglycemia kufanele nakanjani ziqaphele impilo yazo futhi ziqaphe njalo ushukela wazo wegazi. Futhi, abantu abanjalo kufanele bagweme izimo ezidala ukwehla kweglucose.
Izimo eziphoqelekile zokuhambela udokotela yilezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- ukwehla kwe-glucose ngaphansi kwe-2.2 mmol / l;
- ukubukeka kwe-malaise jikelele nokungabikho kwezimpawu zokuthuthuka ngemuva kokudla ukudla kwe-carbohydrate;
- ukonakala njalo kwempilo ngemuva komjovo we-insulin;
- ukuvela kwezimpawu ze-hypoglycemia ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;
- ukuba khona kwezimpawu zokukhathala nokukhathala ekuseni;
- ukulala okungaphumuli nokubukeka ngezikhathi ezithile kwezithukuthuku ezinamathele ebusuku.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana nezimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa kwe-hypoglycemia kule vidiyo:
Abantu abajwayele ukuthuthukiswa kwezimo ze-hypoglycemic badinga ukuvakashela i-endocrinologist ngezikhathi ezithile, abazosiza ekutholeni izimbangela zangempela zesimo se-pathological futhi banikeze nemithamo eyanele yemithi ukuyivimbela.
