Izimbangela zokuqalwa kanye nokukhula kwesifo sikashukela cishe akunakwenzeka ukuzazi. Ngakho-ke, kunembile ukukhuluma ngezinto zobungozi zohlobo 1 nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Ukuba nomqondo wabo, ungasibona lesi sifo ekuqaleni, kwezinye izikhathi uze usigweme.
Ukwazi ngalolu daba, udinga ukuxoxa ngokwahlukana ukuthi uluhlobo 1 kanye nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela, okuyizinto ezibangela lesi sifo.
Uhlobo olu-1
Kulokhu, amasosha omzimba abulala amaseli abhekene nokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin. Ama-pancreas ngenxa yalokhu angeke asakwazi ukukhiqiza i-insulin.
Uma umuntu ethatha imikhiqizo ye-carbohydrate, khona-ke ukugcwala koshukela egazini kuyakhuphuka, kepha amaseli awakwazi ukumunca.
Umphumela uba ukuwa - amaseli asele ngaphandle kokudla (ushukela), kanti kukhona ushukela omningi egazini. Le ndlela yokusebenza kwemvelo ibizwa ngokuthi yi-hyperglycemia kanti esikhathini esifushane kungavusa ikhefu lesifo sikashukela.
Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 sitholakala ikakhulukazi kubantu abasha ngisho nasezinganeni. Ingavela ngenxa yokuxakeka noma ukugula okwedlule.
2 uhlobo
I-Symbomatology yalesi sifo iziveza kubantu abaneminyaka engama-40 ubudala. Kulokhu, amaseli e-pancreatic aqala ukukhiqiza i-insulin.Kepha inkinga ukuthi amaseli wezinye izitho awasakwazi ukuwamunca.
Lolu uhlobo lwesifo esijwayelekile kunazo zonke - 90% yamacala.
Uma sicabangela zonke izinto eziyingozi zokuthola isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, iphuzu eliyinhloko ekwakhiweni kwalesi sifo ufuzo. Kulokhu, kubalulekile futhi ukubheka amazinga kashukela egazini njalo.
Izici zobungozi
Ake sibheke kabanzi imininingwane yohlu lwezizathu ezingaba nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwesifo sikashukela.
Isizungu
Ukuqokwa kwezokwelapha iminyaka eminingi kukhombisa ukuthi uhlobo 1 sikashukela luzozuzwa nge-5% ohlangothini lukamama futhi kungenzeka kube yi-10% ohlangothini lukayise.
Ingozi yalesi sifo inyuka ngezikhathi (70%) lapho bobabili abazali benenkinga yesifo sikashukela.
Umuthi wanamuhla uzama ukukhomba izinhlobo zofuzo ezikhethekile ezibhekele ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo. Namuhla, akukho ngxenye eyodwa etholakele ethinta isimo sangaphambi komzimba sokugula.
Ezweni lethu, ucwaningo lwezokwelapha selukhombe izinhlobo eziningana zezinhlobo zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kepha kuze kube manje okuwukuphela kofuzo olusebenza ngokugcwele ekubhekaneni nesifo sikashukela alikatholakali. Umuntu angathola ifa lokuthambekela kwezifo ezihlotsheni, kepha ngesikhathi sokuphila kungenzeka lingaveli.
Ngokucatshangelwa, izici zobungozi zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, ezibonakala ziphezulu, yilezi ezilandelayo:
- amawele afanayo - 35-50%;
- bobabili abazali banesifo sikashukela - 30%. Kulokhu, ezinganeni eziyi-10, zintathu kuphela ezingabonakalisa i-pathology. Abangu-7 abasele bazobe bephilile.
Ngohlobo 2 sikashukela, amathuba okuthola ifa ngumama nobaba ayanda futhi angama-80%.
Kepha uma bobabili bethembele e-insulin, khona-ke ingane ingahlupheka cishe emaphesheni ayi-100.
Isisindo esiningi
Amaqembu anobungozi wohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela ancishiswa kwinto evelele - ukukhuluphala. Ngokusho kocwaningo lwezokwelapha, cishe ama-85% abantu anamaphawundi angeziwe.
Ukuvimbela ukukhuluphala okudingayo:
- thatha isikhathi sakho futhi uhlafunisise ukudla;
- Hlela inani elanele lesikhathi sokudla ngakunye;
- Musa ukweqa ukudla. Kuyadingeka ukudla okungenani izikhathi ezingama-3-5 ngosuku;
- zama ukungabulawa yindlala;
- hhayi ukuthuthukisa imizwa;
- isikhathi sokugcina amahora angama-3 ngaphambi kokulala;
- musa ukudlulisa;
- kungcono ukudla kaningi, kepha ngezingxenye ezincane. Ngokudla, ingilazi ye-kefir noma ezinye izithelo nayo iyacatshangelwa. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungaphazamisi ukudla.
Ukuqunjelwa kwezicubu ze-adipose okhalweni kwenza amangqamuzana omzimba alwe ne-insulin, futhi noshukela uqwabelana egazini. Uma sikhuluma ngokugula okufana nesifo sikashukela, izinto ezibeka engcupheni ziyakhuphuka ngesilinganiso esivele sinenkomba yesisindo somzimba engama-30 kg / m. Ngasikhathi sinye, okhalweni "kubhukuda". Kubalulekile ukuqapha usayizi wayo. Ukujikeleza kwawo akufanele kudlule i-102 cm kwabesilisa, nakwabesifazane - 88 cm.
I-carbohydrate metabolism
Amaseli we-pancreatic emzimbeni womuntu ophilile akhiqiza isilinganiselo se-insulin esidingekayo ukufakwa ngamaseli.
Uma i-glucose ingangenwa ngokuphelele, kusho ukuthi kune-insulin insensitivity - ushukela wegazi uyakhuphuka.
Ukwehluleka kokusebenza okujwayelekile kwamanyikwe yimbangela yokuthuthuka kwe-psychology yesifo sikashukela.
Izinkinga zegciwane
Ekhuluma ngesifo sikashukela, iqembu elisengozini lifaka abantu ababambe umkhuhlane, isifo sokusha kwesibindi noma i-rubella.
Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ziyindlela yazo "yokubangela". Uma umuntu evame ukuba nempilo enhle, khona-ke lezi zinkinga azimbi kakhulu kuye.
Kepha uma kunokuqagela kofuzo kushukela futhi ukhuluphele, khona-ke ngisho nokutheleleka okulula kwegciwane kungaba yingozi enkulu. Indima ebalulekile idlalwa ngamagciwane adluliselwa enganeni isuka kunina esibelethweni.
Ukuxineka
Ukucindezelwa okuhlala njalo noma ukucindezelwa kubangela umzimba ukwakha inani ngokweqile le-hormone ekhethekile, i-cortisol, nayo ekhulisa ubungozi bokuba nesifo sikashukela. Ingozi inyuka ngokudla okungenampilo nokulala. Ukubhekana nalokhu kugula kuzosiza ukuzindla noma i-yoga, kanye nokubuka amafilimu amahle (ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokulala).
Ukulala
Uma umuntu engalali ngokwanele, umzimba wakhe uphelelwa ngamandla, lokhu kunomthelela ekukhiqizweni okwandayo kwama-hormone okucindezela.
Ngenxa yalokhu, amaseli wezicubu zomzimba awayibambi i-insulin, futhi umuntu kancane kancane ukhuluphele.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi abantu abalele kancane, bahlala bezwa indlala.
Lokhu kungenxa yokukhiqizwa kwehomoni ekhethekile - ghrelin. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza okungenani amahora angu-8 okulala.
Isimo sesifo sikashukela
Ukuvimbela ukukhula kwesifo, udinga ukubheka njalo amazinga kashukela egazini. Lokhu kungenziwa noma nge-glucometer noma umnikelo wegazi ojwayelekile wokuhlaziywa kwelebhu. I-Prediabetes state ibonakala ngokuqukethwe kwe-glucose ephezulu, kepha hhayi phezulu njengokuphathelene nesifo sikashukela.
Ukungondleki
Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma ukudla kungenayo izithelo nemifino ehlukahlukene, khona-ke isifo sikashukela singakhula.
Kwatholakala ukuthi noma ngenani elincane lemifino nemifino, ubungozi besifo buzoncipha kakhulu (kufinyelela ku-14%).
Udinga ukwenza ukudla kwakho "kulungile." Kufanele iqukathe:
- utamatisi kanye nopelepele wentsimbi;
- imifino kanye nama-walnuts;
- izithelo nezithelo kabhontshisi
Isici sobudala
Ukusebenza kwezokwelapha kukhombisa ukuthi izici zobungozi zohlobo 2 sikashukela ziphakeme kakhulu kwabesifazane ngemuva kweminyaka engama-45. Lo nyaka ubonakala ngokuqala kokuncipha kwezinqubo ze-metabolic, isisindo semisipha siyancipha, kepha isisindo siqala ukwanda. Ngakho-ke, ngalesi sikhathi, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe kwindlela efanele yokuphila futhi kuvame ukubonwa yi-endocrinologist.
Amanzi amnandi
Iziphuzo ezinokuqukethwe okunoshukela omningi (ama-jusi, amandla, i-soda) zingenye zezinto ezisengozini, ngoba ziholela ekukhuluphiseni ngokushesha, bese kuba nesifo sikashukela.
Ngokuvamile, ekuvinjelweni kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela, ukudla kubaluleke kakhulu. Kepha kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ibhalansi lamanzi elifanele lomzimba libaluleke kakhulu kunanoma yikuphi ukudla.
Ngoba ama-pancreas, ngaphezu kokukhiqiza i-insulin, nawo aveza ikhambi elinamanzi le-bicarbonate. Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa i-acidity yomzimba. Lapho umzimba ukhipha amanzi, yi-bicarbonate eqala ukukhiqiza insimbi, bese kuphela i-insulin.
Futhi uma ukudla kugcwele ushukela, ingozi yokuthola isifo sikashukela iphezulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma isiphi iseli sidinga i-insulin namanzi ukuze sithathe ushukela. Ingxenye yamanzi aphuzwe ngumuntu iya ekwakhiweni kwekhambi le-bicarbonate, nenye ingxenye - ekutholeni ukudla. Okusho ukuthi, ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kuyancipha futhi.
Ubuhlanga
Ngeshwa, le nto ayikwazi ukuthinteka.Kunephethini: abantu abanesikhumba esimhlophe (esilungile) bangamaCaucasians, bathambekele kakhulu kushukela kunakwezinye izinhlanga.
Ngakho-ke, inani eliphakeme kakhulu lesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 eFinland (abantu abangama-40 kubantu abayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu). Futhi inani eliphansi kakhulu e-China ngabantu abayi-0,1. ngabantu abayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu.
Ezweni lethu, abantu baseNyakatho Ekude basengozini yesifo sikashukela. Lokhu kungachazwa ngokuba khona kuka-Vitamin D oza elangeni. Kuyanda emazweni asondelene nekhweyitha, kepha izifunda ezixakile zingasenawo amavithamini.
Ingcindezi ephezulu
Izimpawu ze-hypertension (ingcindezi i-140/90 noma ngaphezulu) ziyizinto ezivame ukuhlangana futhi aziholeli ekwakhiweni kwesifo sikashukela, kepha zivame ukuhlanganiswa naso. Lapha, ukuvimbela kuyadingeka ngendlela yokuzivocavoca umzimba nokudla okukhethekile.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Izici zobungozi ezingashintshiwe nezingashintshwa zesifo sikashukela:
Noma ngubani onethuba eliphezulu lokuthola isifo sikashukela (ufuzo noma ukukhuluphala) kunconywa kuphela ukudla okusekwe ezitshalweni okumele kulandelwe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa kuholela emiphumeleni engathandeki. Ezinye izidakamizwa zinezakhi zamahomoni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma yisiphi isidakamizwa sinemiphumela emibi futhi sithinta kabi isitho esisodwa noma esinye. Ama-pancreas athinteka kuqala. Ukuba khona kwamagciwane kungalimaza ukuvikela komzimba. Kubalulekile ukuqapha impilo yakho njalo. Futhi uma okungenani kunenye yezinto ezifakiwe, kuyadingeka ukuthi ihlolwe udokotela njalo.
